Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r vuran v\u0259 milli maraqlar\u0131na zidd hallar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 investisiyalar d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n al\u0131na bil\u0259r. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 Milli M\u0259clisin \u0130qtisadi siyas\u0259t, s\u0259naye v\u0259 sahibkarl\u0131q komit\u0259si t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u201c\u0130nvestisiya f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda\u201d Qanuna t\u0259klif edil\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikd\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00f6vcud qanunvericiliy\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, investisiyalar iki halda – d\u00f6vl\u0259t ehtiyaclar\u0131 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, yol v\u0259 infrastruktur \u00e7\u0259kili\u015fi, boru x\u0259tl\u0259rinin in\u015fas\u0131 v\u0259 s.) v\u0259 rekvizisiya m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 (t\u0259bii f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259r, texnoloji q\u0259zalar, epidemiyalar v\u0259 f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 xarakter da\u015f\u0131yan dig\u0259r hallarda m\u00fcvafiq d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u0259nafel\u0259ri namin\u0259) d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n geri al\u0131na bil\u0259r. Yeni d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259 bu hallara \u201cstrateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli investisiyalar\u201d v\u0259 \u201cmilli maraqlara zidd\u201d anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eyni zamanda, t\u0259klif olunan d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, kompensasiya investisiya m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f qaydada \u00f6d\u0259nil\u0259c\u0259k. H\u0259r hans\u0131 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 m\u00f6vcud deyils\u0259 v\u0259 ya bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmay\u0131bsa, h\u0259min halda \u00fcmumi qanunvericiliyin t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Milli M\u0259clisin \u0130qtisadi siyas\u0259t, s\u0259naye v\u0259 sahibkarl\u0131q komit\u0259sinin s\u0259dri Az\u0259r \u018fmiraslanov layih\u0259nin t\u0259qdimat\u0131 zaman\u0131 bildirib ki, milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik iqtisadi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikl\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 yeni qanun layih\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycanda iqtisadi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik sah\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00fcquqi \u0259saslar\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na xidm\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u0259s yeni qanun layih\u0259si investorlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 h\u00fcquqi \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r yarada bil\u0259r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u0259zi ekspertl\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan kimi m\u00fcst\u0259qil m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 sistemi olmayan, y\u00fcks\u0259k\u00a0 korrupsiyala\u015fm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n qorunmas\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 probleml\u0259rin oldu\u011fu bir m\u00fchitd\u0259 bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r sahibkarlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n riskl\u0259r yarada bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ki, qanunvericiliyin ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 qruplar\u0131n biznes v\u0259 siyasi maraqlar\u0131 namin\u0259 sui-istifad\u0259 hallar\u0131na \u015f\u0259rait yarada bil\u0259c\u0259yi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 narahatl\u0131qlar dil\u0259 g\u0259tirilir. M\u0259lumdur ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n, sahibkarlar\u0131n v\u0259 investorlar\u0131n \u0259mlaklar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259zyiql\u0259r v\u0259 qanuna zidd \u00fcsullarla \u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131nmas\u0131 hallar\u0131 adi hala \u00e7evrilib. Cupidae Legum T\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259sis\u00e7isi, h\u00fcquq\u015f\u00fcnas S\u0259m\u0259d R\u0259himli Meydan TV-y\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhind\u0259 bildirir ki, burada s\u00f6hb\u0259t investorun yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n, bank v\u0259 \u0259mlak aktivl\u0259rinin d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u0259cburi qaydada al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan gedir. Y\u0259ni investor raz\u0131 olmasa, d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ver\u0259r\u0259k ala v\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 kompensasiya \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u201c\u018fvv\u0259lll\u0259r qanunlara g\u00f6z yumulurdu v\u0259 tam t\u0259tbiq edilmirdi. Amma Mikay\u0131l Cabbarov iqtisadiyyat naziri oldu\u011fu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 iqtisadi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 daha a\u00e7\u0131q v\u0259 d\u00fcr\u00fcst qanunvericiliyin t\u0259tbiqini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutan yana\u015fma t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 biznesi y\u00fckl\u0259y\u0259n qanunvericilik g\u00fccl\u0259nib. D\u00fcn\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti qanunlar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq etmirdi, biznesmenl\u0259r korrupsiya il\u0259 ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 doland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130ndi is\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259t qanunlar\u0131n t\u0259tbiqin\u0259 daha \u00e7ox maraq g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Y\u0259ni bildirir ki, korrupsiya v\u0259 r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259ti \u0259n az orta v\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259n y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131m v\u0259 qanunlar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq edir\u0259m. Az\u0259rbaycanda is\u0259 biznesin real v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti el\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259dir ki, o m\u00f6vcud qanunvericiliy\u0259 reaksiya ver\u0259 bilmir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, vergi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259ri 5 faizd\u0259n 25 faiz\u0259 qald\u0131randa f\u0259rdi sahibkarlar bat\u0131rlar v\u0259 bunun alt\u0131ndan qalxa bilmirl\u0259r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259t v\u0259 korrupsiya il\u0259 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k daha rahat g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr\u201d.<\/em> \u201cBizim i\u015fimiz investisiya f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda qanuna niy\u0259 bel\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklik edilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si deyil. \u018fsas m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 – Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u00fcququn aliliyini nec\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k olar ki, insanlar bundan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259sin olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Qanunvericiliyin eyni zamanda iqtisadi aspektl\u0259ri var ki, bu, art\u0131q iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015fidir. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, norma h\u00fcquq bax\u0131m\u0131ndan neytrald\u0131r. Lakin Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u00fcququn aliliyi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu norma praktikada investorlar\u0131n ciddi ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7evril\u0259 bil\u0259r\u201d.<\/em> Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r vuran v\u0259 milli maraqlar\u0131na zidd hallar\u0131n … <\/p>\n
S.R\u0259himli qeyd edir ki, qanunun indiki formas\u0131nda investisiyalar d\u00f6vl\u0259t ehtiyac\u0131 yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259qdird\u0259 al\u0131na bil\u0259r:
\u201cAmma yeni d\u0259yi\u015fiklik t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 xalq\u0131n m\u0259nafel\u0259rin\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r vuran v\u0259 milli maraqlara zidd olan m\u00fcst\u0259sna hallar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 investisiyalar\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00a0da n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259, beyn\u0259lxalq t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259d\u0259 bel\u0259 hallar\u0131n olub-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na baxaq. \u201cEssential security interests in investment treaties\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201csecurity exceptions\u201d deyil\u0259n anlay\u0131\u015flar var. Y\u0259ni investisiya h\u00fcququnda bel\u0259 bir istisna var. \u00dcmumi olaraq d\u00f6vl\u0259t xarici v\u0259 yerli investorlardan investisiyalar\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259cburi qaydada ala bilm\u0259z. Az\u0259rbaycanda bunun yegan\u0259 istisnas\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t ehtiyaclar\u0131 idi. D\u00f6vl\u0259t ehtiyaclar\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 M\u00fclki M\u0259c\u0259ll\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259 \u201cTorpaqlar\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t ehtiyaclar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn al\u0131nmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda\u201d Qanunda g\u00f6st\u0259rilib. Beyn\u0259lxalq investisiya m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259sna t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin maraqlar\u0131 il\u0259 ziddiyy\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259k kimi \u00fcmumi bir qayda var. Bu bax\u0131mdan Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131 qanun layih\u0259sind\u0259 investisiya h\u00fcququnda olan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. \u00dcmumi qayda olaraq, millil\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259 v\u0259 yaxud m\u0259cburi qaydada al\u0131na bil\u0259r. T\u0259bii ki, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ da istisna edilmir. Orada g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, al\u0131nma v\u0259 ya millil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n qanunlar\u0131na uy\u011fun h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. \u018fg\u0259r 13-c\u00fc madd\u0259y\u0259 baxsaq, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 edil\u0259n 13.5-ci b\u0259nd\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirs\u0259k, orada Az\u0259rbaycan qanunvericiliyin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259k h\u00fcququnun n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutuldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr\u201d.<\/em>
H\u00fcquq\u015f\u00fcnas bildirir ki, qanunvericilik aspektind\u0259 problem g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, icra m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 ciddi sui-istifad\u0259 hallar\u0131 yarada bil\u0259r:
\u201cBiz Az\u0259rbaycanda ya\u015fay\u0131r\u0131q v\u0259 bu \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 praktikada h\u00fcququn aliliyi yoxdur. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, neytral qanunlar praktikada problemli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259tbiq oluna bilir. Biznes f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 da t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, indiy\u0259d\u0259k v\u0259ziyy\u0259t bel\u0259dir. D\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u015fahidi olmu\u015fuq ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda yerli v\u0259 xarici biznesmenl\u0259r qanundan k\u0259nar yollarla \u00f6z \u0259mlaklar\u0131ndan v\u0259 biznes maraqlar\u0131ndan m\u0259hrum edilibl\u0259r. X\u00fcsusil\u0259, Milli T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik Nazirliyinin bel\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259si var idi. Daha sonra h\u0259min qurum l\u0259\u011fv olundu. Lakin bu c\u00fcr t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259nin \u201cbandotdel\u201d t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n davam etdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 dair n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r var. \u0130ndiki v\u0259ziyy\u0259t nec\u0259dir, bu bar\u0259d\u0259 konkret s\u00f6z dey\u0259 bilm\u0259r\u0259m, amma \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 bu t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 uzun ill\u0259rdir ki, m\u00f6vcuddur\u201d.<\/em>
S.R\u0259himli \u0259lav\u0259 edir ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda biznes sah\u0259sind\u0259 qanunvericilik onsuz da kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fckl\u0259nib v\u0259 son d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 daha intensiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunur: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u00fcquq\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n indiki iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti xarici investisiyalar\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259lb olunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Bu investisiyalar m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259r. O deyir ki, qanun layih\u0259sind\u0259ki norma beyn\u0259lxalq investisiya h\u00fcququna uy\u011fun olsa da, Az\u0259rbaycanda bu konsept ciddi sonuclarla n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u00c7\u00fcnki Az\u0259rbaycanda qanunvericiliyin, x\u00fcsusil\u0259, iqtisadi qanunlar\u0131n t\u0259tbiqind\u0259 ciddi probleml\u0259r var: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cSabah m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 bu qanun t\u0259tbiq olunarsa, Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcst\u0259qil inzibati m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rimiz varm\u0131 ki, qanunu t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259 bilsinl\u0259r? H\u00f6kum\u0259t, icra hakimiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 investisiya f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t ed\u0259n t\u0259nziml\u0259yici qurumlarla \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k qanunu \u0259dal\u0259tli v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rmi? Bunun t\u0259minat\u0131 olmadan, bu qanun dig\u0259r qanunlar kimi probleml\u0259r yaradacaq,\u201d<\/em> – dey\u0259 h\u00fcquq\u015f\u00fcnas vur\u011fulay\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"