(ikinci hiss\u0259)<\/p>\n\n\n
![\"Yadigar](\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/3cb67e7d-b10f-4c21-a950-7ff09b6b8f8f-scaled-e1684405162756-1200x564.jpeg\")
Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq problemini h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn AB\u015e v\u0259 SSR\u0130-nin t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 1991-ci il 30 oktyabr \u2013 1 noyabr tarixl\u0259rind\u0259 Madrid konfrans\u0131 ke\u00e7irildi. T\u0259dbir\u0259 \u0130srail, \u0130ordaniya, Livan v\u0259 Suriya d\u0259v\u0259t edildi. \u0130srail o zaman F\u0259l\u0259stin Azadl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 (FAT) h\u0259l\u0259 terror\u00e7u t\u0259\u015fkilat kimi tan\u0131y\u0131b, onunla dan\u0131\u015fmaqdan imtina etdiyind\u0259n f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259r \u0130ordaniya n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 t\u0259msil olunurdular.
\u018fslind\u0259 SSR\u0130-nin i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi bir \u015fey v\u0259 ya t\u0259zyiq g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259yi vasit\u0259si yox idi. \u00dcst\u0259lik, ilin sonunda s\u00fcquta u\u011frad\u0131. Do\u011frudur, sonrak\u0131 \u00e7oxt\u0259r\u0259fli dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar Moskvada da ke\u00e7irildi, amma Rusiya prosesd\u0259 ciddi rol oynaya bilm\u0259di. Zat\u0259n konfrans\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkilind\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259sas rol AB\u015e-a m\u0259xsus idi: d\u00f6vl\u0259t katibi Ceyms Beyker \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n raz\u0131l\u0131q almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn regiona 8 s\u0259f\u0259r etmi\u015fdi.
AB\u015e-la ba\u011fl\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t is\u0259 ba\u015fqa idi. SSR\u0130-nin t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl\u00fc onu yegan\u0259 superg\u00fcc\u0259 \u00e7evirdi. H\u0259m bu, h\u0259m \u0130raqa qar\u015f\u0131 \u201cS\u0259hrada f\u0131rt\u0131na\u201d \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131\u201d \u0259r\u0259b \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 onun n\u00fcfuzunu xeyli art\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130srail is\u0259 SSR\u0130-d\u0259n \u00e7oxlu y\u0259hudinin \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259si \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n AB\u015e-\u0131n maddi yard\u0131m\u0131na m\u00f6htac idi.
Y\u0259hudil\u0259rin SSR\u0130-d\u0259n 1986-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ba\u015flayan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc (B\u00f6y\u00fck aliya) 1990-1991-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi oldu. T\u0259kc\u0259 h\u0259min iki il \u0259rzind\u0259 330 min y\u0259hudi k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fc (\u00fcmum\u0259n SSR\u0130-d\u0259n v\u0259 SSR\u0130-nin s\u00fcqutundan sonra postsovet \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259n y\u0259hudil\u0259rin say\u0131 1 milyondan \u00e7ox oldu). Bu is\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin x\u0259rcl\u0259rini xeyli art\u0131rd\u0131, i\u015fsizlik \u00e7oxald\u0131, m\u0259nzill\u0259r bahala\u015fd\u0131. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 AB\u015e-\u0131n maddi yard\u0131m\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck ehtiyac vard\u0131.
Va\u015finqton da \u201c\u00e7ek kitab\u00e7as\u0131 diplomatiyas\u0131\u201dndan t\u0259zyiq vasit\u0259si kimi istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259 idi: i\u015f\u011fal edilmi\u015f F\u0259l\u0259stin torpaqlar\u0131nda m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259\u015fm\u0259ni dayand\u0131rma\u011f\u0131, F\u0259l\u0259stin d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na raz\u0131l\u0131q verm\u0259yi t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi.
Maddi yard\u0131m ehtiyac\u0131na baxmayaraq, \u0130shaq \u015eamir h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Madridd\u0259n sonrak\u0131 ikit\u0259r\u0259fli v\u0259 \u00e7oxt\u0259r\u0259fli dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlarda konstruktiv m\u00f6vqe tutmur, ciddi g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259rd\u0259n qa\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131. T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, 1992-ci il se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 Rabinin q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131b ba\u015f nazir olmas\u0131 A\u011f evd\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259mnuniyy\u0259tl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131land\u0131.
Yeni ba\u015f nazir art\u0131q avqustun 10-da Va\u015finqtonda prezident Corc Bu\u015fla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Rabin i\u015f\u011fal edilmi\u015f \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259\u015fm\u0259ni dayand\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 bilavasit\u0259 f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259rl\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara ba\u015flama\u011f\u0131 v\u0259d etdi. Prezident is\u0259 \u015eamir h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etdiyi m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri qald\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, y\u0259hudi miqrantlar\u0131n absorbsiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pul ay\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Ert\u0259si g\u00fcn 5 il \u0259rzind\u0259 10 milyard dollar yard\u0131m edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzaland\u0131.
Ba\u015f nazir s\u00fclh dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n alternativi olmamas\u0131n\u0131 Va\u015finqton Yax\u0131n S\u0259rq siyas\u0259ti institutunun n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ifad\u0259 etdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cM\u0259n \u00e7ox ist\u0259rdim ki, Q\u0259zza sektoru d\u0259niz\u0259 bats\u0131n. Amma bu, ba\u015f verm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259ll yolunu tapmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r\u201d.
Rabin noyabrda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 Corc Bu\u015fa qalib g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k yeni AB\u015e prezidenti se\u00e7il\u0259n Bill Klintonla da normal m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r qurma\u011fa nail oldu. Yeni prezidentin inauqurasiyas\u0131ndan iki ay sonra Rabin bir daha Va\u015finqtona s\u0259f\u0259r etdi v\u0259 administrasiyan\u0131n Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq siyas\u0259tind\u0259 ciddi d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc.
***
Rabin h\u00f6kum\u0259ti formala\u015fan kimi Suriya v\u0259 \u0130ordaniya-F\u0259l\u0259stin il\u0259 s\u00fclh dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Proses asan getmirdi. H\u0259m qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259f antaqonist m\u00f6vqe tuturdu, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0130srail c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259nl\u0259r \u00e7ox idi. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Rabinin Suriya il\u0259 s\u00fclh namin\u0259 Qolan t\u0259p\u0259l\u0259rini qaytarma\u011fa haz\u0131r olmas\u0131 ciddi etiraz do\u011furdu. H\u0259min t\u0259p\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n Avodan\u0131n elektorat\u0131 oldu\u011funu n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alanda, bu add\u0131m\u0131n Rabin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7\u0259tin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriya il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 daha perspektivli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. Amma D\u0259m\u0259\u015fq Qolan t\u0259p\u0259l\u0259rinin qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra \u0130srailin f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259rl\u0259, \u0130ordaniya v\u0259 Livanla s\u00fclh ba\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n laz\u0131m g\u0259ldiyini deyir, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0259 yaln\u0131z bundan sonra s\u00fclh ba\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259d edirdi. Rabin paket h\u0259ll t\u0259klif etdi: suriyal\u0131lar s\u00fclh\u00fcn normalla\u015fma, diplomatik m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r, s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 dem\u0259k oldu\u011funu q\u0259bul etm\u0259yinc\u0259 \u0259razi bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t ged\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Bel\u0259c\u0259, Suriya il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.
1993-c\u00fc ilin yanvar\u0131nda Knesset FAT il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara qoydu\u011fu qada\u011fan\u0131 qald\u0131rd\u0131. Daha f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259rl\u0259 iordaniyal\u0131lar\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 deyil, birba\u015fa dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn idi. Yanvar\u0131n 20-d\u0259 Osloda \u0130srail v\u0259 FAT aras\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar ba\u015flad\u0131. Prosesd\u0259 \u0130srail t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n xarici i\u015fl\u0259r nazirinin m\u00fcavini Yossi Beylin (nazir \u015eimon Peres idi), FAT t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n is\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d Kurey i\u015ftirak edirdi.
M\u00f6vqel\u0259rin uzla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131d\u0131lmas\u0131 7 ay s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Avqustun 20-d\u0259 \u015eimon Peres v\u0259 FAT-\u0131n ikinci adam\u0131 Mahmud Abbas aras\u0131nda ilkin raz\u0131la\u015fma imzaland\u0131. H\u00f6kum\u0259t h\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259di 10 g\u00fcn sonra b\u0259y\u0259ndi. Sentyabr\u0131n 9-da \u0130srail h\u00f6kum\u0259ti v\u0259 FAT aras\u0131nda bir-birl\u0259rini qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 tan\u0131maq haqq\u0131nda m\u0259ktub m\u00fcbadil\u0259si oldu.
N\u0259hay\u0259t, 1993-c\u00fc il sentyabr\u0131n 13-d\u0259 A\u011f evin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndak\u0131 \u00e7\u0259m\u0259nlikd\u0259 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li imzalanma m\u0259rasimi ke\u00e7irildi. Bill Klintonun, \u0130shaq Rabinin v\u0259 FAT s\u0259dri Yasir \u018fr\u0259fat\u0131n i\u015ftirak etdiyi m\u0259rasimd\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259di \u015eimon Peres v\u0259 Mahmud Abbas imzalad\u0131.
R\u0259smi ad\u0131 \u201c\u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fcidar\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti t\u0259dbirl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda prinsipl\u0259r deklarasiyas\u0131\u201d olan, amma Va\u015finqtonda imzalansa da dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131n getdiyi v\u0259 ilkin raz\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n \u0259ld\u0259 olundu\u011fu yerin ad\u0131 il\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u201cOslo\u201d raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 adlanan s\u0259n\u0259d \u0130srailin Q\u0259zzadan v\u0259 Q\u0259rb sahilind\u0259ki b\u0259zi \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131, burada F\u0259l\u0259stin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcidar\u0259sinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. H\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259hsil, s\u0259hiyy\u0259, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t, vergi kimi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r F\u0259l\u0259stin administrasiyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 veril\u0259c\u0259kdi. F\u0259l\u0259stin polisi d\u0259 yarad\u0131lacaqd\u0131.
Raz\u0131la\u015fma \u0259n q\u0259liz m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 – F\u0259l\u0259stin d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin son s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri, Q\u00fcds\u00fcn statusu, f\u0259l\u0259stinli qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u0259 i\u015f\u011fal olunmu\u015f \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259ki y\u0259hudi m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259rin taleyi \u2013 toxunmurdu. S\u0259n\u0259d be\u015fillik ke\u00e7id d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fc n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r bu m\u00fcdd\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri BMT T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u015furas\u0131n\u0131n 1967-ci ild\u0259 Alt\u0131g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonra q\u0259bul etdiyi 242 sayl\u0131 v\u0259 1973-c\u00fc il M\u0259\u015fh\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fc sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra q\u0259bul etdiyi 338 sayl\u0131 q\u0259tnam\u0259nin t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun h\u0259ll ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini \u00f6hd\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r.
\u201cBiz, m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n paltar\u0131nda qan l\u0259k\u0259si il\u0259 qay\u0131dan \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259r, biz, do\u011fmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n v\u0259 dostlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6z g\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259nl\u0259r, biz, valideynl\u0259rin \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131 basd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r, biz, siz f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259nl\u0259r, biz indi uca v\u0259 ayd\u0131n s\u0259sl\u0259 deyirik: qan v\u0259 g\u00f6z ya\u015f\u0131 yet\u0259r… G\u0259lin dua ed\u0259k, el\u0259 g\u00fcn g\u0259lsin ki, ham\u0131m\u0131z dey\u0259k: \u0259lvida, silah\u201d, – imzalanma m\u0259rasimind\u0259n sonra \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n Rabin deyirdi.
***
FAT il\u0259 Oslo sazi\u015finin imzalanmas\u0131 \u0130srail\u0259 \u0130ordaniya il\u0259 s\u00fclh ba\u011flamaq f\u00fcrs\u0259ti yaratd\u0131. 1952-ci ild\u0259n \u0130ordaniya kral\u0131 olan H\u00fcseyn bin Talal\u0131n \u0130srail\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti vard\u0131. Dem\u0259k olar, hakimiyy\u0259tinin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259n \u0130sraill\u0259 qeyri-r\u0259smi v\u0259 gizli t\u0259maslarda olurdu. \u00dcst\u0259lik, Misir v\u0259 Suriyadan f\u0259rqli olaraq, q\u0259rby\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc siyas\u0259t y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcrd\u00fc.
\u0130ordaniyan\u0131n Alt\u0131g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131 bel\u0259 yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259si idi. M\u00fcharib\u0259nin ilk g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0130srail HHQ Misir h\u0259rbi aviasiyas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 aviabazalar\u0131n\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n etmi\u015fdi. Amma Qahir\u0259 h\u00fccumun d\u0259f edilm\u0259si, d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n aviasiyas\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r itkil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda yalan m\u0259lumat yayd\u0131qda H\u00fcseyn g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259d\u0259 pay sahibi olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130srail\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlara ba\u015flad\u0131. N\u0259tic\u0259 is\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r oldu: tam darmada\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 Birinci \u0259r\u0259b-y\u0259hudi m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n sonra tutulan Q\u0259rb sahilinin, \u015e\u0259rqin Q\u00fcds\u00fcn itirilm\u0259si.
Sonrak\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r yen\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131, kral bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 \u0130srail liderl\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc, h\u0259tta Tel-\u018fviv\u0259 gizli s\u0259f\u0259r etdi. 1973-c\u00fc ilin M\u0259\u015fh\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fc sava\u015f\u0131nda \u0130ordaniyan\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 simvolik oldu: Suriyaya yard\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir briqada g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi, \u00f6z\u00fc h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlara ba\u015flamad\u0131.
T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, \u0130srail uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t F\u0259l\u0259stin probleminin h\u0259llini Q\u0259rb sahilinin v\u0259 Q\u0259zzan\u0131n \u0130ordaniyaya verilm\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc. Hesab olunurdu ki, H\u00fcseynl\u0259 anla\u015fmaq daha asan olar, n\u0259inki FAT il\u0259. Amma bir s\u0131ra s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n bu plan h\u0259yata ke\u00e7\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n H\u00fcseynin bu q\u0259d\u0259r f\u0259l\u0259stinlini \u00f6z t\u0259b\u0259\u0259si kimi g\u00f6rm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259m\u0259si \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cOslo\u201d raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra A\u011f ev Ammana t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k \u2013 \u201c\u00e7ek kitab\u00e7as\u0131 diplomatiyas\u0131\u201d il\u0259 d\u0259 – \u0130sraill\u0259 s\u00fclh imzalama\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130shaq Rabin 1994-c\u00fc ilin may\u0131nda H\u00fcseynl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r apard\u0131. Kral Misir prezidenti M\u00fcbar\u0259k v\u0259 Suriya prezidenti \u018fs\u0259dl\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fdi. M\u00fcbar\u0259k ona s\u00fclh ba\u011flama\u011f\u0131, \u018fs\u0259d is\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131b-dan\u0131\u015f\u0131b he\u00e7 n\u0259 imzalamama\u011f\u0131 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6rd\u00fc. H\u00fcseyn M\u00fcbar\u0259kin m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tini q\u0259bul etdi.
T\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 iyulun 25-d\u0259 Va\u015finqtonda b\u0259yannam\u0259 imzaland\u0131. S\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 iki \u00f6lk\u0259nin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliy\u0259 son verdiyi, \u201cg\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131na v\u0259 mat\u0259m\u0259 son qoymaq\u201d, \u201c\u0259dal\u0259tli s\u00fclh ba\u011flamaq\u201d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. S\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259si oktyabr\u0131n 26-da, iki \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 Arafa s\u0259rh\u0259d m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sind\u0259 imzaland\u0131. Prosesd\u0259 Bill Klinton da i\u015ftirak etdi.
H\u0259l\u0259 Va\u015finqton b\u0259yannam\u0259si imzalanandan sonra Rabin v\u0259 H\u00fcseyn AB\u015e konqresin\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t olunmu\u015fdular. Burada \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n Rabin deyir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cM\u0259n, qeydiyyat n\u00f6mr\u0259m 30743, \u0130srail m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ordusunun ehtiyatda olan rav alufu [general-leytenant], alaylar\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri \u00f6l\u00fcm\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259n Ishaq Rabin, bu g\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc s\u00fclh ordusunun \u0259sg\u0259ri g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u0259m. M\u0259n bu g\u00fcn siz\u0259, \u0259lah\u0259zr\u0259t \u0130ordaniya kral\u0131na v\u0259 siz\u0259, amerikal\u0131 dostlar\u0131m\u0131za deyir\u0259m: biz \u00f6l\u00fcl\u0259rin v\u0259 yaral\u0131lar\u0131n, qan v\u0259 iztirab\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015fa ba\u015flay\u0131r\u0131q. Bu, i\u015ftirak etm\u0259yin xo\u015f oldu\u011fu yegan\u0259 sava\u015fd\u0131r \u2013 s\u00fclh u\u011frunda sava\u015f\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1994-c\u00fc il \u0130shaq Rabin\u0259, \u015eimon Peres\u0259 v\u0259 Yasir \u018fr\u0259fata \u201cYax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 s\u00fclh\u00fcn b\u0259rq\u0259rar olmas\u0131 c\u0259hdl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259\u201d Nobel s\u00fclh m\u00fckafat\u0131n\u0131n verilm\u0259si il\u0259 yekunla\u015fd\u0131.
***
\u201cOslo\u201d raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259mnunluqla qar\u015f\u0131lansa da, konfliktin t\u0259r\u0259fi olan y\u0259hudil\u0259r v\u0259 f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259rin m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti bu q\u0259d\u0259r birm\u0259nal\u0131 deyildi. F\u0259l\u0259stinl\u0259rin xeyli hiss\u0259si FAT-\u0131n \u0130sraili tan\u0131mas\u0131ndan naraz\u0131 idi, onlar hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, m\u00fcbariz\u0259 \u0130srail d\u00f6vl\u0259ti m\u0259hv olana q\u0259d\u0259r davam etm\u0259lidir.
Raz\u0131la\u015fma y\u0259hudil\u0259r aras\u0131nda da k\u0259skin q\u00fctbl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 yaratd\u0131. \u0130lk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259halinin \u00e7ox hiss\u0259si s\u00fclh perspektivind\u0259n m\u0259mnun idi v\u0259 prosesi d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yirdi. Amma sa\u011f\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 daha radikal k\u0259sim, i\u015f\u011fal olunmu\u015f torpaqlar\u0131n ilhaq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 olanlar h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259ni, F\u0259l\u0259stin d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259buledilm\u0259z say\u0131rd\u0131.
Hakim koalisiyada i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 partiyadan biri \u2013 ultra-dindar \u015eAS h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259n ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Yaln\u0131z 5 \u0259r\u0259b deputat\u0131n h\u00f6kum\u0259ti d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259si Rabin\u0259 120 yerlik parlamentd\u0259 61 s\u0259s kimi k\u00f6vr\u0259k \u00e7oxlu\u011fa malik olmaq imkan\u0131 verdi. El\u0259 \u201cOslo\u201d raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 da Knesset t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n 61 s\u0259sl\u0259 t\u0259sdiq olundu.
Sa\u011flar etiraz aksiyalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131lar. K\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 Rabinin \u0259r\u0259b ba\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc – keffiy\u0259 il\u0259 t\u0259svir olunmu\u015f \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rin\u0259 rast g\u0259lm\u0259k olard\u0131. Y\u0259hudi silahl\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 27 il xidm\u0259t ed\u0259n, Alt\u0131g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 heyr\u0259tamiz q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 qazanan s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259y\u0259 \u201cxain\u201d, \u201csatq\u0131n\u201d dam\u011fas\u0131 yap\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Radikal ravvinl\u0259r Rabini l\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259yirdil\u0259r.
B\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n \u00fcmidl\u0259rin \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq \u0259r\u0259b terroru dayanmad\u0131. H\u018fMAS, \u0130slam cihad\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkilatlar FAT-a tabe olmaq fikrind\u0259 deyirdil\u0259r. X\u00fcsus\u0259n kamikadze h\u00fccumlar\u0131 v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131. \u201cOslo\u201dnun imzalanmas\u0131ndan ilin sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r ba\u015f ver\u0259n terror aktlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 12 israilli \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, onlarla adam yaraland\u0131.
1994-c\u00fc ild\u0259 H\u018fMAS kamikadzel\u0259rin avtobusda v\u0259 ya avtobus dayanaca\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6zl\u0259rini partlatmas\u0131 taktikas\u0131na \u0259l atd\u0131. Bel\u0259 v\u0259 ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr aktlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ilboyu 48 n\u0259f\u0259r \u00f6ld\u00fc, 74 n\u0259f\u0259r yaraland\u0131. 1995-ci ilin yanvar-avqust aylar\u0131nda terror daha 40 n\u0259f\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc, 150 n\u0259f\u0259ri yaralad\u0131. S\u00fclh dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131nda Rabinin partnyoru olan Yasir \u018fr\u0259fat is\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r aras\u0131nda reytinqinin qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131na qalaraq bu aktlar\u0131 pisl\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259n boyun qa\u00e7\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.
Y\u0259hudil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259 terror ba\u015f verdi. Radikal \u201cKax\u201d t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc Barux Qold\u015fteyn Hebrondak\u0131 (\u0259l-X\u0259lil) Patriarxlar ma\u011faras\u0131nda ibad\u0259t ed\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara avtomat silahdan at\u0259\u015f a\u00e7d\u0131. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 29 n\u0259f\u0259r \u00f6ld\u00fc. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar Baruxu tutaraq \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r.
Bel\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t \u0130srail c\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259sirsiz \u00f6t\u00fc\u015f\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi. \u201cOslo\u201d il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 optimizm azal\u0131rd\u0131, t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcdl\u0259r art\u0131rd\u0131. Sa\u011f d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259nin h\u00fccumlar\u0131 is\u0259 k\u0259skinl\u0259\u015firdi. \u201cLikud\u201dun yeni lideri Benyamin Netanyahu v\u0259 partiyada\u015f\u0131 Ariel \u015earon x\u00fcsusi canf\u0259\u015fanl\u0131q edirdil\u0259r. Plakatlarda Rabin art\u0131q kefiyy\u0259d\u0259 deyil, nasist geyimind\u0259 t\u0259svir olunurdu. Aksiyalarda \u201cRabin \u2013 \u018fr\u0259fat\u0131n k\u00f6l\u0259si\u201d, \u201cRabin \u2013 Yudenrat \u015fefi\u201d, \u201cRabin Hitlerin izi il\u0259 gedir\u201d, \u201cRabin sionizmin qatili\u201d kimi \u015f\u00fcarlar qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ortodoks ravvinl\u0259r ona l\u0259n\u0259t g\u00f6nd\u0259rir, daha radikallar\u0131 h\u0259tta q\u0259tlini savab i\u015f elan edirdil\u0259r.
Ba\u015f nazir is\u0259 he\u00e7 n\u0259y\u0259 baxmayaraq \u00f6z missiyas\u0131n\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259k fikrind\u0259 idi v\u0259 FAT il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar davam edirdi. 1995-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 24-d\u0259 ilkin olaraq Misird\u0259, sentyabr\u0131n 28-d\u0259 is\u0259 Va\u015finqtonda iki t\u0259r\u0259f aras\u0131nda \u201cQ\u0259rb sahili v\u0259 Q\u0259zza sektoru \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti raz\u0131la\u015fma\u201d (\u201cOslo-2\u201d) imzaland\u0131. S\u0259n\u0259d F\u0259l\u0259stin milli administrasiyas\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 olan \u0259razil\u0259ri xeyli b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr, s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini geni\u015fl\u0259ndirir v\u0259 bir daha problemin BMT T\u015e-n\u0131n 242 v\u0259 338 sayl\u0131 q\u0259tnam\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259llini ehtiva edirdi.
Buna cavab olaraq radikal ravvinl\u0259r oktyabr\u0131n 2-d\u0259 Rabinin evinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u201cPulsa diNura\u201d ayini ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r. \u0130nanca g\u00f6r\u0259, bu ayinin h\u0259d\u0259fi olan adam 1 il \u0259rzind\u0259 \u00f6lm\u0259lidir.
Rabin Uinqeyt ad\u0131na institutda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259rk\u0259n avtomobili \u0259leyhdarlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fccumuna m\u0259ruz qald\u0131. \u0130srailin indiki milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik naziri \u0130tamar Ben-Qvir \u201cKadillak\u201d\u0131n emblemini qopararaq \u201c\u018flimiz ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131na \u00e7atd\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7atacaq\u201d dedi.
***
B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara baxmayaraq, \u0130sraild\u0259 s\u00fclh t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 \u00e7oxluq t\u0259\u015fkil edirdil\u0259r. R\u0259yi soru\u015fulanlarn 2\/3-i \u201cOslo-2\u201d sazi\u015fini d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yirdi. Rabin d\u0259 bu d\u0259st\u0259kd\u0259n yararlanmaq q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259ldi. Tel-\u018fvivin \u015eahlar meydan\u0131nda \u201cS\u00fclh\u0259 – h\u0259, zorak\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u2013 yox\u201d \u015f\u00fcar\u0131 il\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n mitinq d\u0259 h\u0259min m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015fdu.
100 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox insan\u0131n i\u015ftirak etdiyi mitinqin sonunda \u0130shaq Rabin, \u015eimon Peres, Knessetin spikeri \u015eevah Vays v\u0259 m\u00fc\u011f\u0259nni Miri Aloni tribunada yana\u015f\u0131 duraraq \u201cS\u00fclh n\u0259\u011fm\u0259si\u201dni (\u015eir La\u015ealom) oxudular. Bit\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Rabin mahn\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ka\u011f\u0131z\u0131 cibin\u0259 qoyaraq tribunadan d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc v\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin \u0259hat\u0259sind\u0259 avtomobil dayanaca\u011f\u0131na t\u0259r\u0259f getdi.
Saat 21:45, art\u0131q \u201cKadillak\u201da minm\u0259k \u00fczr\u0259 olan ba\u015f nazir\u0259 Bar-\u0130lan universitetinin 25 ya\u015fl\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si Yiqal Amir t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 at\u0259\u015f a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n ikisi Rabin\u0259, biri is\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7iy\u0259 d\u0259ydi. T\u0259cili x\u0259st\u0259xanaya \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lan Rabin b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259yl\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq q\u0259sdd\u0259n 40 d\u0259qiq\u0259 sonra v\u0259fat etdi. Onun cibind\u0259n \u201cS\u00fclh n\u0259\u011fm\u0259si\u201dnin qana bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f n\u00fcsx\u0259si \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.
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Yiqal Amir ultrasa\u011f\u00e7\u0131 ekstremist idi. O, Barux Qold\u015fteynd\u0259n n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k s\u00fclh prosesini pozacaq akt t\u00f6r\u0259tm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259 idi. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcb q\u0259rara g\u0259ldi ki, yaln\u0131z ba\u015f nazirin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc h\u0259min prosesi poza bil\u0259r. Q\u0259tl ax\u015fam\u0131 Rabind\u0259n az \u0259vv\u0259l \u015eimon Peres onun yan\u0131ndan ke\u00e7mi\u015fdi, amma ona toxunmad\u0131 v\u0259 ba\u015f naziri g\u00f6zl\u0259di.
O, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z add\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u201cdin Rodef\u201d qaydas\u0131 il\u0259 izah etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Rodef ivritc\u0259 t\u0259qib\u00e7i dem\u0259kdir. Talmuda g\u00f6r\u0259, \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259qib ed\u0259n adam\u0131 (rodef) dayand\u0131rmaq, dayanmasa \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k dindar y\u0259hudinin borcludur. Amir d\u0259 iddia edirdi ki, Rabinin add\u0131mlar\u0131 y\u0259hudi xalq\u0131na \u00f6l\u00fcm g\u0259tirirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1996-c\u0131 ilin yanvar-mart aylar\u0131nda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 Yiqal Amiri \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fck h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259hkum etdi. O, indi d\u0259 h\u0259bsd\u0259dir.
Amma Amir \u00f6z ist\u0259yin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131. Rabinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0259n effektli siyasi q\u0259tll\u0259rd\u0259n biridir, b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259n effektlisidir. Yaln\u0131z \u0130shaq Rabin s\u00fclh prosesini sona \u00e7atd\u0131rma\u011fa qadir fiqur idi. Onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259n m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 \u0130srail v\u0259 F\u0259l\u0259stin s\u00fclhd\u0259n uzaqla\u015fmaq istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 getdil\u0259r.
1995-ci ilin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda bir q\u0259d\u0259r s\u0259ngiy\u0259n H\u018fMAS terroru n\u00f6vb\u0259ti ild\u0259 yenid\u0259n v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131. Fevral-mart aylar\u0131nda t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n terror aktlar\u0131nda 62 israilli \u00f6ld\u00fc, 259 n\u0259f\u0259r yaraland\u0131. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, elektorat sa\u011fa meyll\u0259ndi v\u0259 mayda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259n sonra Binyamin Netanyahu ilk d\u0259f\u0259 ba\u015f nazir oldu. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, bundan sonra terror aktlar\u0131nda fasil\u0259 yarand\u0131.
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, h\u0259r iki t\u0259r\u0259fin radikallar\u0131 v\u0259 ekstremistl\u0259ri \u0259l-\u0259l\u0259 ver\u0259r\u0259k s\u00fclh prosesini d\u0259fn etm\u0259yi bacard\u0131lar. 30 il \u0259vv\u0259l \u201cOslo\u201d raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan sonra do\u011fan \u00fcmidl\u0259r indi sad\u0259l\u00f6vh utopiya kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yadigar Sad\u0131ql\u0131 (ikinci hiss\u0259) Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq problemini h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn … <\/p>\n