{"id":275730,"date":"2023-05-23T15:07:48","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T11:07:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/?p=275730"},"modified":"2023-05-23T15:48:34","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T11:48:34","slug":"gig-iqtisadiyyati-yeni-nesil-isciler-prekariya-ve-ya-sahibkar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/gig-iqtisadiyyati-yeni-nesil-isciler-prekariya-ve-ya-sahibkar\/","title":{"rendered":"Gig iqtisadiyyat\u0131: Yeni n\u0259sil i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r, prekariya v\u0259 ya sahibkar\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n \u201cgig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri\u201d h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin yeni fraksiyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259msil edirl\u0259r<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu c\u00fcr s\u00f6zd\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil i\u015f Az\u0259rbaycana xas deyil v\u0259 son vaxtlar gig iqtisadiyyat\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilib. Bu modeld\u0259 platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri guya m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ril\u0259ri v\u0259 frilanserl\u0259ri (freelancer-s\u0259rb\u0259st i\u015f\u00e7i) bir araya g\u0259tirir v\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fd\u0259n pay al\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u201cUber\u201dd\u0259 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259rini ist\u0259diyi yer\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r, \u201cWolt\u201dda kuryer yem\u0259k sifari\u015fini \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r, \u201cAirbnb\u201dd\u0259 sahibi adam\u0131n qalmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn evi haz\u0131rlay\u0131r v\u0259 s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu biznesd\u0259 ana \u015firk\u0259t pay al\u0131r. Ancaq bu, ham\u0131s\u0131 deyil; i\u015f\u00e7inin g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi xidm\u0259tin keyfiyy\u0259tini yax\u0131ndan izl\u0259m\u0259k v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k, h\u0259tta i\u015f\u00e7ini c\u0259zaland\u0131rmaq h\u00fcququna malikdir. \u201cS\u0259rb\u0259st i\u015f qrafiki\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 i\u015f\u0259 q\u0259bul edir, amma h\u0259ft\u0259lik performans\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259t edirl\u0259r. Performans\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olan i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri \u201cbloklayaraq\u201d h\u0259ft\u0259lik, ayl\u0131q i\u015f\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131na \u0259ng\u0259ll\u0259yirl\u0259r. Ana \u015firk\u0259tin he\u00e7 bir maddi v\u0259 ya m\u0259n\u0259vi m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131, dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r \u015fey \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli oldu\u011fu bu i\u015f modelind\u0259, t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi qorunmadan, s\u0131\u011fortas\u0131z, s\u0131\u011f\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 qanun-qurum olmadan  gig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri sahibkar olaraq t\u0259yin olunur. Buradak\u0131 qanun, gig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 \u00f6z\u0259l olaraq yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu tip i\u015f model b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 yeni ixtira deyil, \u00e7\u00fcnki b\u00fct\u00fcn qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n i\u015f formalar\u0131 d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ox yay\u0131l\u0131b. Bununla bel\u0259, \u0259m\u0259k bazar\u0131na yeni i\u015f\u00e7i qrupu, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 g\u0259nc i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r daxil olub, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu, yaranan texnoloji uy\u011funla\u015fmalara \u0259saslan\u0131r v\u0259 platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n geni\u015f t\u0259tbiq edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259ki \u201cYemek Sepeti\u201d v\u0259 dig\u0259r kuryer t\u0259tbiql\u0259ri d\u0259 buna tam uy\u011fun g\u0259lir. Ancaq T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259ki sahibkar-kuryer modelinin t\u0259tbiq sah\u0259si platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fm\u0131r. Karqo \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u0259 bundan intensiv istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131blar. \u018fslind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada h\u0259mkarlar ittifaqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas narahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu m\u0259\u015f\u011fulluq modelinin platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fmamas\u0131, dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 yay\u0131lma\u011fa meylli olmas\u0131d\u0131r. T\u0259bii ki, bel\u0259 h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li m\u0259\u015f\u011fulluq i\u015f\u00e7i m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini d\u0259 g\u0259tirib. Bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 bu modelin m\u00fcst\u0259qil i\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u0259k bir \u015firk\u0259t\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu, ard\u0131c\u0131l olaraq g\u0259lir g\u0259tirdiyi v\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131 i\u015f t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259si oldu\u011fu iddia edilir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin h\u00fcquqlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131mal\u0131 oldu\u011fu vur\u011fulan\u0131b. Hollandiya, \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259, \u0130spaniya kimi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lan iddialarda frilanserl\u0259r deyil\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin i\u015f\u00e7i oldu\u011fu t\u0259sdiql\u0259nib. Bununla bel\u0259, bu c\u00fcr qazanclar h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r m\u0259hduddur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BU YEN\u0130L\u0130K N\u018fD\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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M\u00fc\u0259llif Afi\u0259ddin M\u0259mm\u0259dov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Bir s\u0259n\u0259tkar, yaxud frilanser bazara m\u0259hsul v\u0259 ya xidm\u0259t t\u0259qdim edir. Bu, bazar sahibi, d\u0259mir\u00e7i, plumber, r\u0259ssam, d\u0259rzi, s\u0259rb\u0259st qrafik dizayneri, veb sayt t\u0259rtibat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, redaktor v\u0259 ya yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, bir d\u0259rzi \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r t\u0259qdim etdiyi par\u00e7a il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259rinin ist\u0259diyi paltar\u0131 v\u0259 ya h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir paltar\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131rd\u0131sa, indi haz\u0131r geyim s\u0259nayesinin inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 daha \u00e7ox geyim t\u0259miri i\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 meyl edib. \u0130nsanlar \u015falvar\u0131 d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259y\u0259, penc\u0259yini uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa, \u0259t\u0259yini uzatma\u011fa v\u0259 ya q\u0131saltma\u011fa v\u0259 sair i\u015fi bitirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259rziy\u0259 gedir. O, \u00fcmumi x\u0259rcl\u0259rini, bazar v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini v\u0259 m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ri portfelini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq i\u015fin\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n qiym\u0259t d\u0259 t\u0259yin edir. \u0130\u015f vaxt\u0131 i\u015fin intensivliyind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olsa da, ad\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259rzi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. \u018fg\u0259r i\u015finiz t\u0259cilidirs\u0259, bunu t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz, amma m\u0259cbur ed\u0259 bilm\u0259zsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu d\u0259rzi tiki\u015f ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 il\u0259 bazarda m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ril\u0259r\u0259 xidm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259, onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir tekstil m\u0259hsulu biznesini i\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259nd\u0259 v\u0259 bu, onun yegan\u0259 i\u015fi olanda, y\u0259qin ki, g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc i\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 maa\u015f alacaq. Reall\u0131qda o, i\u015f\u00e7i hesab olunmal\u0131d\u0131r, frilanser deyil. Daha d\u0259qiq des\u0259k, o, tacir oldu\u011fu m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 bazar\u0131 saxlaya bilm\u0259yib, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yerl\u0259rd\u0259 iri toxuculuq m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259sinin f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birin\u0259 \u00e7evrilib. \u015eirk\u0259t istehsal\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t edir v\u0259 zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259, onun s\u00fcr\u0259tin\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Eyni toxuculuq \u015firk\u0259ti bir \u00e7ox evd\u0259 d\u00fcym\u0259 tikm\u0259k kimi bir i\u015fi g\u00f6r\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 i\u015fi y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirdiyi i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259bii ki, ki\u00e7ik sahibkar deyil, \u015firk\u0259tin i\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259m\u0259khaqq\u0131 alan i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu, kuryerl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259dir v\u0259 onlar \u00e7ox vaxt bazar\u0131n deyil, bir \u015firk\u0259tin n\u0259zdind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yirl\u0259r. M\u00fcqavil\u0259 \u0259sas \u015firk\u0259tin maraqlar\u0131na uy\u011fun m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir v\u0259 onlar\u0131n buna \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259kd\u0259n ba\u015fqa se\u00e7iml\u0259ri yoxdur. \u015eirk\u0259t kuryer \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t v\u0259 t\u0259zyiq mexanizmi qurur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuryerin h\u0259r bir h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti v\u0259 \u201cperformans\u0131\u201d da \u015firk\u0259tin n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259rind\u0259 GPS cihaz\u0131 var v\u0259 kuryerl\u0259rin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tini an\u0131nda izl\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 bir \u015firk\u0259td\u0259n \u0259m\u0259khaqq\u0131 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 bir \u015firk\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u0259 birba\u015fa n\u0259zar\u0259t v\u0259 laz\u0131m g\u0259ldikd\u0259 i\u015f\u00e7inin c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da m\u00f6vcuddur. Bu, h\u0259tta formal olaraq m\u00fcst\u0259qil i\u015f deyil. Onun s\u0259rb\u0259st burax\u0131lmas\u0131 sad\u0259c\u0259 qanuni bir f\u0131r\u0131ldaq v\u0259 saxta imitasiyad\u0131r ki, bu da o dem\u0259kdir ki, ana \u015firk\u0259t iqtisadi y\u00fck\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259sind\u0259n xilas olur v\u0259 onu i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7iynin\u0259 qoyur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PREKAR\u0130YA?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahibkar kuryer modeli il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n kuryerl\u0259r b\u0259zi dair\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 prekariat\u0131n axtar\u0131lan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si kimi qeyd olunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prekariat\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259rifl\u0259ri olsa da, \u0259n \u00e7ox yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u00fcmumi q\u0259bul edil\u0259n Qay Standinqin t\u0259rifidir. M\u00fcvafiq olaraq, prekariat t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n h\u0259r k\u0259sdir. \u201cStanding\u201d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn prekariat tam olaraq i\u015f\u00e7i olmamaq, i\u015f\u00e7id\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey olmaq dem\u0259kdir. \u00c7\u00fcnki Standinqin maraql\u0131 t\u0259rifin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, i\u015f\u00e7i sinifi dedikd\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz, sabit, yax\u015f\u0131 maa\u015f alan v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 inamla baxanlar n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fsas g\u0259lir m\u0259nb\u0259yi i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259si olan f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin tarix boyu bel\u0259 tam t\u0259minatl\u0131 olub-olmamas\u0131 ayr\u0131 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir. Bununla bel\u0259, Standinqin t\u0259rifinin \u0259n problemli t\u0259r\u0259fi odur ki, o, 1970-ci ill\u0259rin \u201crifah d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201d \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259, y\u0259ni kapitalizm tarixinin \u00e7ox c\u00fczi bir hiss\u0259sind\u0259 h\u00fcquqlara istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k i\u015f\u00e7i sinfini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edib. Bu g\u00fcn h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 pozulan i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 daha sonra 1970-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259ki i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 baxan Standinq, ikisini m\u00fcqayis\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259diyi zaman yeni bir t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259nin meydana g\u0259ldiyini bildirdi: Prekariat. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, Standinq f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin fasil\u0259siz yenid\u0259n formala\u015fmas\u0131na v\u0259 onun h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259td\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olmas\u0131na, y\u0259ni tarixiliyin\u0259 m\u0259h\u0259l qoymur, onu tarixd\u0259n k\u0259nar bir obyekt, h\u0259tta bir foto\u015f\u0259kil kimi matla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 onun d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini yeni sinf\u0259 h\u0259sr edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fczd\u00fcr, h\u0259m kuryerl\u0259r, h\u0259m d\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin geni\u015f t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fib, son vaxtlara q\u0259d\u0259r sahib olduqlar\u0131 h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 itiribl\u0259r. Bununla bel\u0259, onlar\u0131 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfind\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir sinif, y\u0259ni prekariat kimi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k asan yana\u015fma olard\u0131. Prekariat\u0131 t\u0259yin etdiyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u0259n g\u00fcv\u0259nsizlik, yeni bir sinfin \u0259sas x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti deyil, \u0259slind\u0259 tarix boyu he\u00e7 n\u0259d\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259n v\u0259 bu g\u00fcn getdikc\u0259 daha geni\u015f bir seqmenti \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n v\u0259 ondan qurtulmal\u0131 olan i\u015f\u00e7i sinfinin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

YEN\u0130 \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 S\u0130NF\u0130?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i sinfin\u0259 yeni qo\u015fulmu\u015f pe\u015f\u0259 qruplar\u0131 v\u0259 ya yeni sektorlardak\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r tez-tez akademik m\u00fchitd\u0259 daha s\u0131x diqq\u0259t\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131rlar. Platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n \u201cgig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri\u201d h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin yeni fraksiyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259msil edirl\u0259r. O, yeni v\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015f sah\u0259 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00fcbariz\u0259 potensial\u0131na malikdir v\u0259 ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131lan minl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259y\u0259 layiqdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu akademik maraq m\u00fcvafiq olaraq xidm\u0259t i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259, fast food i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259, z\u0259ng m\u0259rk\u0259zi i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 texnologiya i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rildi v\u0259 “yeni i\u015f\u00e7i sinfi”, onlar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ri is\u0259 “yeni i\u015f\u00e7i h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131” kimi qar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Bununla bel\u0259, n\u0259 z\u0259ng m\u0259rk\u0259zi i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri son ill\u0259rd\u0259 artan etirazlar\u0131na baxmayaraq, n\u0259 onlara veril\u0259n bu missiyaya uy\u011fun g\u00fccl\u00fc m\u00fcqavim\u0259t x\u0259tti qura bildil\u0259r, n\u0259 d\u0259 fast-food i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri. T\u0259bii ki, bu onlar\u0131n g\u00fcnah\u0131 deyil. \u00c7ox\u015fax\u0259li neoliberal h\u00fccum dal\u011fas\u0131na t\u0259k bir \u0259razid\u0259n rast g\u0259lm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tin idi. Ancaq ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlanmadan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015ei\u015firdilmi\u015f missiya v\u0259 s\u0131x akademik maraq bir yana, h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 ayd\u0131n faktd\u0131r ki, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sektorlardan v\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n yuxar\u0131da qeyd olunanlar f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfind\u0259 f\u0259al i\u015ftirak edirl\u0259r. Yeni i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti \u201cxidm\u0259t\u201d sektorunda i\u015fl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anbar v\u0259 paylama m\u0259rk\u0259zi i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, kuryer xidm\u0259ti inki\u015faf ed\u0259n biznes sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Bunun \u0259sas amill\u0259rind\u0259n biri p\u0259rak\u0259nd\u0259 elektron ticar\u0259t sektorunun s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sidir. Az\u0259rbaycanda son 4 ild\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 pandemiya il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 e-ticar\u0259t vasit\u0259sil\u0259 sifari\u015f ver\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 xeyli art\u0131b. Bu prosesd\u0259 n\u0259qliyyat v\u0259 anbar i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rinin say\u0131 da d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 art\u0131b. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Masas\u0131 H\u0259mkarlar \u0130ttifaqlar\u0131 Konfederasiyas\u0131n\u0131n qeyri-r\u0259smi hesablamalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 gig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rinin say\u0131 200 mind\u0259n art\u0131qd\u0131r v\u0259 artmaqdad\u0131r. Buna ikinci i\u015f kimi m\u0259\u015fqul olan v\u0259 dig\u0259r frilans i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olunduqda daha b\u00f6y\u00fck r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atmaq olar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, h\u0259m distrib\u00fctorluqda, h\u0259m d\u0259 xidm\u0259t s\u0259nayesinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 (q\u0259hv\u0259 v\u0259 fast-food z\u0259ncirinin i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri, r\u0259q\u0259msal n\u0259\u015frl\u0259r, \u00f6z\u0259l m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r, universitetl\u0259r, z\u0259ng m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri, banklar v\u0259 s.) i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hsillidirl\u0259r v\u0259 son vaxtlara q\u0259d\u0259r nisb\u0259t\u0259n imtiyazl\u0131d\u0131rlar, lakin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 yoxsulla\u015fmaya m\u0259ruz qalan i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r (s\u0259hiyy\u0259, h\u00fcquq, texnologiya, m\u00fch\u0259ndislik, konsaltinq \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 s.) t\u0259\u015fkilat axtar\u0131rlar. \u00c7ox g\u00fcman ki, qar\u015f\u0131dak\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 taksi v\u0259 kuryerl\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi daha \u00e7ox m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin \u015fahidi olaca\u011f\u0131q. Nisb\u0259t\u0259n son zamanlar geni\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n bu sektorlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti h\u0259mkarlar ittifaq\u0131 olmayan, nisb\u0259t\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hsilli, karyera x\u0259yallar\u0131 tez pu\u00e7 olan, i\u015fsizlikl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259n v\u0259 getdikc\u0259 yoxsulla\u015fanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin b\u0259zil\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn nisb\u0259t\u0259n \u201cyeni\u201ddir, daha do\u011frusu, son d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 geni\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n xidm\u0259t v\u0259 kapital m\u00fcbadil\u0259si (reklam, marketinq, tan\u0131t\u0131m, kommunikasiya) sah\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n say\u0131 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 art\u0131b. Onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, kuryer v\u0259 platforma \u015firk\u0259tinin i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri olduqca \u201cyeni\u201d i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rdir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, t\u0259\u015fkilatlanma formalar\u0131n\u0131n nisb\u0259t\u0259n f\u0259rqli olmas\u0131 v\u0259 daha \u00e7evik v\u0259 f\u0259rqli\/yarad\u0131c\u0131 formalar almas\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin xarakteridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lakin bu i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri \u201ck\u00f6hn\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfi\u201d il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 \u201cyeni f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfi\u201d kimi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k, bel\u0259 dem\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u0259, f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin \u201cgeni\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n t\u0259krar istehsal\u0131na\u201d m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259h\u0259l qoymamaq m\u0259nas\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259r. Baxmayaraq ki, \u201cyeni\u201d m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n orijinall\u0131qlar\u0131 ehtiva ed\u0259n zaman keyfiyy\u0259t olmaqdansa, n\u0259z\u0259ri \u201cyeni\u201d kimi formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Lakin bu, tarix boyu davam ed\u0259n v\u0259 geni\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n i\u015f prosesinin d\u00fczg\u00fcn konseptualla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olmayacaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 bu t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rin f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfin\u0259 daxil olan yeni i\u015f\u00e7i k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259ri oldu\u011funu d\u0259rk etm\u0259k v\u0259 vahid f\u0259hl\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 \u00fcf\u00fcq\u00fc il\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin unikal t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Yuxar\u0131dan t\u0259lqin v\u0259 ya istehza il\u0259 deyil, m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 birlik meyll\u0259rini t\u0259\u015fviq etm\u0259kl\u0259, t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri bir siyasi x\u0259tt, sinfi siyas\u0259t kimi k\u00fctl\u0259vil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259kl\u0259 \u00e7\u0131lpaq h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rin siyas\u0259t\u0259 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli perspektivd\u0259 transformativ t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259sin\u0259 yol a\u00e7\u0131la bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n \u201cgig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri\u201d h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin … <\/p>\n

Davam\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":275731,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-275730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGig iqtisadiyyat\u0131: Yeni n\u0259sil i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r, prekariya v\u0259 ya sahibkar\u2026 - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/gig-iqtisadiyyati-yeni-nesil-isciler-prekariya-ve-ya-sahibkar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gig iqtisadiyyat\u0131: Yeni n\u0259sil i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r, prekariya v\u0259 ya sahibkar\u2026 - MEYDAN.TV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Platforma \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n \u201cgig i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri\u201d h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin ... 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