Miduey d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 g\u0259mil\u0259r bir-birl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fm\u0259dil\u0259r<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0Q\u0131l\u0131nc, qalxan, ox, niz\u0259…\u00a0 Uzun \u0259srl\u0259r boyu insan\u0131n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f silah\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n bunlardan ibar\u0259t idi v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u0259yi\u015fiklik ba\u015f vermirdi. B\u0259zi c\u00fczi yenilikl\u0259r olurdu, o da silahlar\u0131n formas\u0131, uzunlu\u011fu kimi amill\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131. Amma orta \u0259srl\u0259rin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru v\u0259ziyy\u0259t d\u0259yi\u015fdi, odlu silahlar \u2013 artilleriya v\u0259 f\u0259rdi silahlar \u2013 ortaya \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdi. N\u0259hay\u0259t, el\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yarand\u0131 ki, insanlar\u0131n h\u0259rbi bilikl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl\u00fc silahlar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131ndan geri qal\u0131r, onlar v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti d\u00fczg\u00fcn qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259, n\u00f6vb\u0259ti m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rin gedi\u015fini proqnozla\u015fd\u0131ra bilmirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Birinci v\u0259 \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda c\u0259mi 21 il f\u0259rq var. 1930-cu ill\u0259rin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru m\u00fcharib\u0259 ehtimal\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fckc\u0259, Birinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin veteran\u0131 olan h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259r eyni c\u00fcr m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 – m\u00f6vqe sava\u015flar\u0131na haz\u0131rla\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, yen\u0259 s\u0259ng\u0259rl\u0259r qaz\u0131lacaq, bunkerl\u0259r tikil\u0259c\u0259k, tikanl\u0131 m\u0259ftill\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 aylarla, ill\u0259rl\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015f olmadan d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f ged\u0259c\u0259kdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tanklar\u0131n v\u0259 h\u0259rbi aviasiyan\u0131n g\u0259tirdiyi d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri is\u0259 \u00e7ox az adam anlay\u0131rd\u0131. Bunu ilk anlayan ingilis general Con Fuller oldu. O, h\u0259rbi islahatlar ke\u00e7irm\u0259yi, mexanikl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f qo\u015fun n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259klif edirdi. Amma t\u0259klifl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nind\u0259 qulaq asan olmad\u0131. Almanlar is\u0259 ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 maraqland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tank m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin ustas\u0131 kimi m\u0259\u015fhurla\u015facaq Hayns Quderian Fullerin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini v\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6z pulu il\u0259 alman dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 etdirib oxuyurdu. Almanlar\u0131n tank qo\u015funlar\u0131 m\u0259hz ingilis general\u0131n\u0131n ideyalar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. N\u0259tic\u0259 m\u0259lumdur: 1939-cu ilin sentyabr\u0131ndan 1941-ci ilin oktyabr\u0131na kimi La Man\u015fdan Moskvaya q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259razi alman tanklar\u0131n\u0131n tapda\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda qald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yenilikl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bel\u0259 koraf\u0259hmlik t\u0259kc\u0259 quru qo\u015funlar\u0131na deyil, h\u0259rbi donanmaya da aid idi. \u00d6z\u00fc d\u0259 almanlar tanklarla ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u0259sir\u0259ti burada n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdir\u0259 bilm\u0259dil\u0259r. Fullerin aviasiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 dedikl\u0259ri d\u0259niz\u0259 d\u0259 aid idi v\u0259 aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259mil\u0259rin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini art\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Amma Berlind\u0259 bunu qiym\u0259tl\u0259nirm\u0259dil\u0259r. Do\u011frudur, sualt\u0131 qay\u0131qlara diqq\u0259t ay\u0131rmaqda do\u011fru davrand\u0131lar, amma su\u00fcst\u00fc donanma il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rin\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1938-1941-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u201cGneyzenau\u201d, \u201c\u015earnhorst\u201d, \u201cBismark\u201d v\u0259 \u201cTirpits\u201d kimi b\u00f6y\u00fck x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259ri istifad\u0259y\u0259 verildi. Amma onlar g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n faydan\u0131 ver\u0259 bilm\u0259dil\u0259r. \u201cBismark\u201d \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn birinci d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f s\u0259f\u0259rind\u0259 Britaniya donanmas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u201cGneyzenau\u201dv\u0259 1943-c\u00fc ild\u0259 yen\u0259 ingilisl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bat\u0131r\u0131lan\u201c\u015earnhorst\u201d m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n fayda vers\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, umulan q\u0259d\u0259r deyildi. \u018fn m\u00fcdhi\u015f alman g\u0259misi say\u0131lan \u201cTirpits\u201d is\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259nin \u00e7oxunu limanlarda ke\u00e7irdi, 1944-c\u00fc ilin noyabr\u0131nda ingilis aviasiyas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SSR\u0130-d\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck olacaq \u201cSovetskiy Soyuz\u201d tipli n\u0259h\u0259ng x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259ri haz\u0131rlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xeyli v\u0259sait x\u0259rcl\u0259ndi, t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259-konstruktor i\u015fl\u0259ri apar\u0131ld\u0131. D\u00f6rd g\u0259minin in\u015fas\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131, amma he\u00e7 biri sona \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131. \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n sonra is\u0259 n\u0259h\u0259ng x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 faydal\u0131l\u0131q \u0259msal\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131b i\u015fl\u0259ri dayand\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Onu da deyim ki, layih\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lsayd\u0131 bel\u0259, bu g\u0259mil\u0259r d\u00fcnyada \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck olmayacaqd\u0131lar. \u00c7\u00fcnki daha b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc yaponlar haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. M\u0259qal\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259hz h\u0259min g\u0259mi haqq\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *** Rusiya il\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonra h\u0259rbi-d\u0259niz donanmas\u0131 Yaponiya h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin elit hiss\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Eyni zamanda g\u0259miqay\u0131rma inki\u015faf etdi. \u018fg\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r g\u0259mil\u0259r \u0259sas\u0259n xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131sa, indi\u00f6zl\u0259ri in\u015fa etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. 1921-ci ild\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t b\u00fcdc\u0259sinin 32 faizi h\u0259rbi donanmaya x\u0259rcl\u0259nirdi. Yaponiya B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya v\u0259 AB\u015e il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259niz d\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259n birin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, yaponlar almanlardan v\u0259 ruslardan f\u0259rqli olaraq, d\u0259niz aviasiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini d\u00fczg\u00fcn qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirirdil\u0259r. Aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 kimi planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan v\u0259 tikil\u0259n ilk g\u0259mi \u2013 \u201cH\u00f6\u015f\u00f6\u201d \u2013 onlara m\u0259xsus idi (\u0259vv\u0259lki aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar t\u0259yinat\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdiril\u0259n g\u0259mil\u0259r idil\u0259r). \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6y\u0259rt\u0259 t\u0259yyar\u0259si say\u0131lan \u201cZero\u201d da yapon istehsal\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bununla yana\u015f\u0131 yaponlar d\u00fcnyada \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rini in\u015fa etm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259ldil\u0259r. D\u00f6rd g\u0259minin in\u015fas\u0131 planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Onlardan birinin \u0259sas\u0131 1937-ci ilin noyabr\u0131nda Kure \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259ki t\u0259rsan\u0259d\u0259 qoyuldu v\u0259 \u201cYamato\u201d ad\u0131 verildi. \u201cMusasi\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lan ikinci g\u0259minin in\u015fas\u0131na 1938-ci ilin mart\u0131nda Naqasakid\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131. 1940-c\u0131 ilin may\u0131nda Yokosuke \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cSinano\u201d adlanan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u0259minin \u0259sas\u0131 qoyuldu.D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u0259minin is\u0259 \u0259sas\u0131 qoyulmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130n\u015faat son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 m\u0259xfilik \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 ke\u00e7irilirdi. Tikinti yeri h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. G\u0259mil\u0259r suya burax\u0131landan sonra \u00fcstl\u0259rini torla \u00f6rt\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. \u0130lk istifad\u0259y\u0259 veril\u0259n \u201cYamato\u201dnun uzunlu\u011fu 263 metr, eni 38,9 metr, suya oturu\u015fu 10,4 metr idi. Tam su tutumu 72,8 ton t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. \u018fsas kalibri 460 millimetrlik 9 topdan ibar\u0259t idi ki, bu da n\u0259 o zamana q\u0259d\u0259r, n\u0259 d\u0259 ondan sonra he\u00e7 bir g\u0259mid\u0259 (\u201cMusasi\u201d istisna olmaqla) olmay\u0131b. Bu toplar\u0131n atd\u0131qlar\u0131 m\u0259rminin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1,5 tona \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131. Yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131 kalibr is\u0259 6 \u0259d\u0259d 155 millimetrlik toplar idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aviasiya h\u00fccumundan m\u00fcdafi\u0259 6 c\u00fctd\u0259n ibar\u0259t 127 mm kalibrli uzaqvuran v\u0259 50 \u0259d\u0259d \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc 25 mm kalibrli yax\u0131nvuran toplardan t\u0259\u015fkil olunurdu. Zirehin qal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n h\u0259ssas yerl\u0259rd\u0259 410 mm-\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131, amma qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, yapon zirehi AB\u015e v\u0259 Britaniyan\u0131nk\u0131na nisb\u0259t\u0259n keyfiyy\u0259tsiz idi. G\u0259mid\u0259 k\u0259\u015ffiyyat aparmaq v\u0259 at\u0259\u015fi korreksiya etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 7 t\u0259yyar\u0259 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cYamato\u201dnun alt\u0131 1147 b\u00f6lm\u0259y\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Onlardan biri de\u015fil\u0259rdis\u0259 v\u0259 su q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayard\u0131sa, d\u0259rhal bloklan\u0131r v\u0259 suyun ba\u015fqa b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 axmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. \u018fg\u0259r su q\u0259bul ed\u0259rk\u0259n g\u0259minin tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 pozulard\u0131sa, \u0259ks t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 su q\u0259bul etm\u0259kl\u0259 tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn idi. 153 550 at g\u00fcc\u00fcnd\u0259 olan bu b\u0259dheyb\u0259t yaponlara indiki kursla 8 milyard dollara ekvivalent olan n\u0259h\u0259ng m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f\u0259 ba\u015fa g\u0259lmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n ***<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tsuhima d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 Yaponiya h\u0259rbi donanmas\u0131nda \u201cKantai Kessen\u201d doktrinas\u0131n\u0131nformala\u015fmas\u0131 idi. Amma bu doktrina indi Sakit okeanda hegemonluq u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 \u0259sas r\u0259qib olan AB\u015e-a qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Yaponlar hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, iqtisadi potensial bax\u0131m\u0131ndan xeyli geri qald\u0131qlar\u0131 AB\u015e il\u0259 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259hkumdurlar. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259lledici d\u0259niz d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 (Kantai Kessen) \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verilm\u0259li idi.<\/p>\n\n\n H\u0259min doktrinaya g\u00f6r\u0259, ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259k h\u0259lledici d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n donanmas\u0131na aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259mil\u0259rd\u0259n qalxan t\u0259yyar\u0259l\u0259r, sualt\u0131 qay\u0131qlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u0259sasl\u0131 x\u0259sar\u0259t yetiril\u0259c\u0259k, sonuncu z\u0259rb\u0259ni is\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259ri vuracaqd\u0131. \u201cYamato\u201d v\u0259 \u201csister\u015fip\u201d (eyni tipli) g\u0259mil\u0259r d\u0259 bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rlan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Amma \u201cKantai Kessen\u201d doktrinas\u0131n\u0131 ham\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 Yaponiyan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur h\u0259rb\u00e7isi olacaq admiral \u0130soroku Yamamoto h\u0259m doktrinan\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f hesab edirdi, h\u0259m d\u0259 x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rinin vaxt\u0131n\u0131n ke\u00e7diyini s\u00f6yl\u0259yirdi. Onun fikrinc\u0259, yaponlar \u00f6zl\u0259rinin m\u0259hdud potensiallar\u0131n\u0131 aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259mil\u0259rin in\u015fas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259ltm\u0259lidirl\u0259r: \u201cg\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rinin Yaponiyaya faydas\u0131 samuray q\u0131l\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n faydas\u0131ndan \u00e7ox olmayacaq\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *** Miduey d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 g\u0259mil\u0259r bir-birl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fm\u0259dil\u0259r. Aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259mil\u0259rd\u0259n qalxan t\u0259yyar\u0259l\u0259r bir-biril\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr v\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n g\u0259mil\u0259rini bat\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f 4 aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259misini itir\u0259n yaponlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259ti il\u0259 yekunla\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Midueyd\u0259n sonra yaponlar x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rin\u0259 bu q\u0259d\u0259r resurs ay\u0131rmaqla s\u0259hv\u0259 yol verdikl\u0259rini anlad\u0131lar. \u201cYamato\u201dnun \u0259kizi \u201cMusasi\u201d art\u0131q suya burax\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 50% haz\u0131r olan \u201cSinano\u201dnun profili d\u0259yi\u015fdirildi, aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259miy\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cYamato\u201dnun hava h\u00fccumundan m\u00fcdafi\u0259si g\u00fccl\u0259ndirildi. Buradak\u0131 zenit toplar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Amma g\u0259mini risk\u0259 atmamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ondan istifad\u0259ni m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rmaq q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lindi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fcmidl\u0259r b\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n g\u0259mi \u00e7ox vaxt d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f teatrlar\u0131ndan uzaqda, t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz limanlarda olurdu. Bu is\u0259 yapon d\u0259niz\u00e7il\u0259r aras\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir istehzan\u0131n yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu: d\u00fcnyada \u00fc\u00e7 yek\u0259 v\u0259 faydas\u0131z \u015fey var \u2013 Xeops piramidas\u0131, \u00c7in s\u0259ddi v\u0259 \u201cYamato\u201d g\u0259misi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yaponiyan\u0131n xeyli maddi, insan resursunun x\u0259rcl\u0259nm\u0259si hesab\u0131na in\u015fa olunan g\u0259mi yaln\u0131z 1944-c\u00fc ilin oktyabr\u0131nda ciddi d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 c\u0259lb olundu. H\u0259min vaxt amerikal\u0131lar Filippin\u0259 desant \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131rd\u0131lar v\u0259 buna mane olmaq yaponlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox \u00f6n\u0259mli idi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259m \u201cYamato\u201d, h\u0259m \u201cMusasi\u201d d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rildil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cYamato\u201dnun qorxunc 460 mm-lik toplar\u0131 m\u0259hz bu zaman, g\u0259minin istifad\u0259y\u0259 verilm\u0259sind\u0259n az qala 3 il sonra ilk d\u0259f\u0259 at\u0259\u015f a\u00e7d\u0131lar. Amma amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n adalara \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131na mane olmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. \u00dcst\u0259lik, iyirmid\u0259n \u00e7ox torpedo d\u0259y\u0259n \u201cMusasi\u201d batd\u0131. Noyabr\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Yaponiyaya qay\u0131dan \u201cYamoto\u201d is\u0259 t\u0259mir v\u0259 modernizasiya i\u015fl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259rsan\u0259y\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yaponlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti getdikc\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmaqda idi. Amerikal\u0131lar art\u0131q Yaponiyan\u0131n \u00f6z \u0259razisind\u0259ki adalar\u0131 tuturdilar. 1945-ci il aprelin 1-d\u0259 Okinava adas\u0131 u\u011frunda d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130tirilm\u0259li bir \u015fey qalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n \u0130mperator Ba\u015f q\u0259rargah\u0131 \u201cYamato\u201dnu son tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qla Okinavaya do\u011fru yola sald\u0131. Bu, \u0259slind\u0259 intihar tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi. \u201cYamato\u201d Okinava yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dayaza oturmal\u0131 v\u0259 son m\u0259rmisin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r amerikal\u0131larla d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fm\u0259li idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cYamato\u201d son reysin\u0259 aprelin 6-da \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. Onu 1 y\u00fcng\u00fcl kreyser v\u0259 8 destroyer m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edirdi. Yaponlar\u0131n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131na qulaq asan amerikal\u0131lar hadis\u0259d\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r tutdular v\u0259 qafil\u0259nin Okinavaya yeti\u015fm\u0259m\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rd\u00fcl\u0259r. Yapon g\u0259mil\u0259rinin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti lap \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n AB\u015e sualt\u0131 qay\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n izl\u0259nilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aprelin 7-d\u0259 AB\u015e aviada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259mil\u0259rind\u0259n qalxan t\u0259yyar\u0259l\u0259r \u015e\u0259rqi \u00c7in d\u0259nizi \u00fcsr\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259n yapon g\u0259mil\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccum etdil\u0259r. Qafil\u0259nin aviasiya m\u00fchafiz\u0259si olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan asan h\u0259d\u0259f \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. Amerikal\u0131lar h\u0259ml\u0259l\u0259rini \u00fc\u00e7 c\u0259hdd\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r. Birinci h\u0259ml\u0259d\u0259 227, ikinci h\u0259ml\u0259d\u0259 57, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc h\u0259ml\u0259d\u0259 110 t\u0259yyar\u0259 i\u015ftirak etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u018fsas h\u0259d\u0259f olan \u201cYamato\u201d h\u0259m aviabombalar, h\u0259m d\u0259 torpedolarla at\u0259\u015f\u0259 tutuldu. Bu zaman amerikal\u0131 pilotlara tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, g\u0259minin tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n pozulmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn torpedolar\u0131 yaln\u0131z bir istiqam\u0259td\u0259n, g\u0259minin sol b\u00f6yr\u00fcn\u0259 buraxs\u0131nlar. \u0130lk h\u0259ml\u0259d\u0259n sonra bir ne\u00e7\u0259 torpedoya tu\u015f g\u0259l\u0259n v\u0259 tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 pozulan g\u0259minin drenaj sistemi i\u015f\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc v\u0259 tarazl\u0131q b\u0259rpa olundu. Amma suya daha d\u0259rin oturan g\u0259minin s\u00fcr\u0259ti azald\u0131 v\u0259 ona h\u00fccum etm\u0259k daha asanla\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sonrak\u0131 h\u0259ml\u0259l\u0259r zaman\u0131 yen\u0259 x\u0259sar\u0259t alan (\u00fcmum\u0259n 10 torpedoya v\u0259 13 aviabombaya tu\u015f g\u0259ldiyi t\u0259xmin olunur) g\u0259minin tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00e7ox pozulma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Art\u0131q drenaj sistemi i\u015f\u0259 yaram\u0131rd\u0131. Onsuz da batan g\u0259mini b\u00fcr\u00fcy\u0259n yan\u011f\u0131n artilleriya anbar\u0131na \u00e7atanda ba\u015f ver\u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli partlay\u0131\u015f h\u0259r \u015feyi bitirdi. \u0130ki yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259n \u201cYamato\u201d d\u0259rhal batd\u0131. Onun hey\u0259tind\u0259n 3063 n\u0259f\u0259r h\u0259lak oldu, yaln\u0131z 269 n\u0259f\u0259r xilas edildi. Qafil\u0259d\u0259daha 1 kreyser v\u0259 4 destroyer bat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *** Yadigar Sad\u0131ql\u0131 Miduey d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 g\u0259mil\u0259r bir-birl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fm\u0259dil\u0259r \u00a0Q\u0131l\u0131nc, qalxan, … <\/p>\n
1904-1905-ci ill\u0259r rus-yapon m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n Tsuhima d\u0259niz d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yapon donanmas\u0131n\u0131n parlaq q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131. Rusiya donanmas\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n edildi. Bu d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259nin Yaponiyan\u0131n q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si il\u0259 bitm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/yamato_during_trial_service-1200x721.jpg\")
\u201cYamato\u201d Yaponiyan\u0131n m\u0259\u015fhur Perl-Harbor h\u00fccumundan az sonra, 1941-ci il dekabr\u0131n 16-da istifad\u0259y\u0259 verildi. \u0130\u015ftirak etdiyi ilk d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f is\u0259 1942-ci il iyunun 4-7-d\u0259 ba\u015f tutan Miduey d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fc oldu. Amma AB\u015e Sakit okean donanmas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 bu d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftirak formal xarakter da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. Yapon Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f donanmas\u0131n\u0131n flaqman\u0131 olan \u201cYamato\u201d \u0259sas d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n\u0131n getdiyi yerd\u0259n 500 km uzaql\u0131qda idiv\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fc idar\u0259 edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fcmidl\u0259r b\u0259sl\u0259nil\u0259n v\u0259 n\u0259h\u0259ng resurslar x\u0259rcl\u0259n\u0259n \u201cYamato\u201d (el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259kizi \u201cMusasi\u201d) Yaponiyan\u0131n h\u0259rbi q\u00fcdr\u0259tin\u0259, \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131na, dem\u0259k olar, he\u00e7 bir t\u00f6hf\u0259 verm\u0259d\u0259n bat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar. Halbuki onar bir x\u0259tt g\u0259misi kimi m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259lliy\u0259 yax\u0131n in\u015fa edilmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Sad\u0259c\u0259, problem onda idi ki, x\u0259tt g\u0259mil\u0259rinin vaxt\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015fdi. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"