\n (Birinci hiss\u0259)\n<\/p>\n
\n \u201cXIX \u0259srd\u0259 iki b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t olub \u2013 Napoleon v\u0259 Helen Keller\u201d.\n<\/p>\n
\n Mark Tven\n<\/p>\n
\n 1880-ci ilin iyun ay\u0131n\u0131n 27-d\u0259 AB\u015e-\u0131n Alabama \u015ftat\u0131n\u0131n Taskmabiya \u015ftat\u0131nda, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259si i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 yerli q\u0259zetin redaktoru Artur Kellerin ail\u0259sind\u0259 bir q\u0131z u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lir. N\u0259n\u0259sinin ist\u0259yil\u0259 ad\u0131n\u0131 Helen qoyurlar. Tam sa\u011flam do\u011fulan q\u0131zc\u0131\u011faz 1 ya\u015f 7 ayl\u0131q olanda o vaxt\u0131n b\u0259sit diaqnostikas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cbeyin q\u0131zd\u0131rmas\u0131\u201d adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 tutulur (Sonrak\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 bunun skarlatin v\u0259 ya meningit oldu\u011fu t\u0259xmin edil\u0259c\u0259kdi). H\u0259kiml\u0259r onun sa\u011f qalaca\u011f\u0131na \u00fcmid etmirl\u0259r, buna baxmayaraq Helen \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn p\u0259nc\u0259sind\u0259n qurtulma\u011f\u0131 bacar\u0131r. Amma az sonra anas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edir ki, u\u015faq s\u0259sl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 i\u015f\u0131\u011fa reaksiya verm\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, x\u0259st\u0259likd\u0259n sonra Helenin e\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lli oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n
\n Bundan b\u00f6y\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131 ke\u00e7ir\u0259n valideynl\u0259ri onun naz\u0131yla oynama\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rlar, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Helen \u0259rk\u00f6y\u00fcn, h\u0259tta aqressiv u\u015faq olaraq b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcr \u2013 b\u00fct\u00fcn dil\u0259tutmalara r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n yem\u0259yi \u0259ll\u0259 yeyir, ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n bo\u015fqab\u0131na \u0259l uzad\u0131r, sa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 darama\u011fa qoymur, n\u0259 ist\u0259diyini ba\u015fa sala bilm\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259 day\u0259l\u0259rini vurur, oyuncaqlar\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131r\u0131b-t\u00f6k\u00fcr. \u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fcn sonralar yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, 6 ya\u015f\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r daha \u00e7ox \u201cq\u0259z\u0259b v\u0259 qorxu\u201d hiss ed\u0259n Helen ancaq anas\u0131 \u0259liyl\u0259 onun yana\u011f\u0131na toxunanda sakitl\u0259\u015firmi\u015f:\n<\/p>\n
\n \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fckc\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ifad\u0259 arzum da art\u0131rd\u0131. C\u0259mi bir ne\u00e7\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 bilirdim, amma onlar fikrimi izah etm\u0259y\u0259 kifay\u0259t etmirdi dey\u0259 hirsl\u0259nib \u00f6z\u00fcmd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131m. Hans\u0131sa g\u00f6z\u0259g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259z \u0259ll\u0259rin m\u0259ni tutub saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hiss edir, var g\u00fcc\u00fcml\u0259 onlardan xilas olma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m. Bunun sonu h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131yla bitirdi, o q\u0259d\u0259r a\u011flay\u0131rd\u0131m ki, heyd\u0259n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb s\u00fcstl\u0259\u015firdim. Bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra \u0259traf\u0131mdak\u0131larla \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t\u0259 el\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck ehtiyac hiss etdim ki, q\u0259z\u0259b p\u00fcsk\u00fcrm\u0259l\u0259rim art\u0131q h\u0259r g\u00fcn, b\u0259z\u0259n h\u0259tta h\u0259r saat t\u0259krarlanma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131\u201d.\n<\/p>\n
\n Bir d\u0259f\u0259 Helenin bac\u0131s\u0131 Mildred onun \u00e7ox sevdiyi Nensi adl\u0131 kuklas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cbe\u015fiyin\u0259\u201d uzan\u0131r. Helen bunu g\u00f6r\u00fcb el\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nir ki, \u201cbe\u015fiyi\u201d \u0259yib bac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yer\u0259 salmaq ist\u0259yir. Anas\u0131 vaxt\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yetirm\u0259s\u0259ydi, balaca q\u0131z ciddi x\u0259sar\u0259t ala bil\u0259rdi.\n<\/p>\n
\n ****\n<\/p>\n
\n Helenin valideynl\u0259ri Helen\u0259 nec\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini bilmirdil\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lli u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259kt\u0259b vard\u0131, n\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 u\u015faqlarla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful ola bil\u0259n m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis.\n<\/p>\n
\n \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, o zamanlar g\u00f6rm\u0259 v\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tini itirmi\u015f u\u015faqlar\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 yer etm\u0259k imkanlar\u0131 yox s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259ydi. Kas\u0131b ail\u0259l\u0259r, ad\u0259t\u0259n, bel\u0259 \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131 ya evd\u0259 dustaq kimi saxlay\u0131b he\u00e7 kim\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rmir, ya da u\u015faq evl\u0259rin\u0259 qoyurdular.\n<\/p>\n
\n G\u00fcnl\u0259rin birind\u0259 Helenin anas\u0131 \u00c7arlz Dikkensin \u201cAmerika qeydl\u0259ri\u201d kitab\u0131nda g\u00f6rm\u0259 v\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lli olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq t\u0259hsil ala bilmi\u015f Lora Bricman haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumata rast g\u0259lir. Amma bu t\u0259hsil metodunu icad etmi\u015f doktor Hou art\u0131q h\u0259yatda deyildi. Onun metodunu bil\u0259nl\u0259r olmu\u015f olsa bel\u0259, uzaq Alabamada ya\u015fayan balaca q\u0131zc\u0131\u011f\u0131z\u0131n onlardan faydalanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildi.\n<\/p>\n
\n Helenin atas\u0131 Baltimorda doktor \u00c7ilzhomun xeyli sayda \u00fcmidsiz x\u0259st\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etdiyini e\u015fid\u0259nd\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131n art\u0131q 6 ya\u015f\u0131 tamam olmu\u015fdu. Tezlikl\u0259 Baltimora ged\u0259n ail\u0259ni h\u0259kim \u00e7ox yax\u015f\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131r, amma Helenin d\u0259rdin\u0259 o da \u00e7ar\u0259 q\u0131la bilmir. Doktor \u00c7ilzhom e\u015fitm\u0259-g\u00f6rm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lli u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259kt\u0259b v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda informasiya almalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlara va\u015finqtonlu h\u0259kim Aleksandr Qrehem Belli m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Ail\u0259 d\u0259rhal Va\u015finqtona yola d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.\n<\/p>\n
\n Doktor Bell \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 Bostondak\u0131 Perkins Universitetinin direktoru mister Ananyosu ni\u015fan verir, deyir ki, doktor Hou bir vaxtlar h\u0259min universitetd\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b v\u0259 ola bilsin, orda onun davam\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 var.\n<\/p>\n
\n Helenin atas\u0131 m\u0259ktubu d\u0259rhal yaz\u0131b g\u00f6nd\u0259rir, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259ft\u0259 sonra g\u0259l\u0259n cavabda mister Ananyos onlara bildirir ki, bel\u0259 bir m\u00fc\u0259llim tap\u0131l\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n
\n Yar\u0131m il sonra \u2013 1887-ci ilin mart ay\u0131nda Helenl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Kellerl\u0259rin evin\u0259 Enn Sallivan adl\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 g\u0259lir. U\u015faq evind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259n, \u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7ox Helen\u0259 vaxt ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ail\u0259si da\u011f\u0131lan bu qad\u0131n tam 49 il (\u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r) \u015fagirdin\u0259 yard\u0131m ed\u0259c\u0259k, s\u00f6z\u00fcn h\u0259qiqi m\u0259nas\u0131nda onun xilaskar\u0131 olacaqd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n
\n ****\n<\/p>\n
\n Enn Sallivan o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259-e\u015fitm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lli \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n \u201cbarmaq dilini\u201d (ovcun i\u00e7in\u0259 barmaqla \u201cyaz\u0131lan\u201d i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri) bilirdi. Amma bu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l \u0259rk\u00f6y\u00fcn q\u0131zc\u0131\u011faz\u0131n t\u0259rbiy\u0259sil\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq laz\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n
\n El\u0259 ilk tan\u0131\u015fl\u0131qdaca \u201cd\u0259liliyini\u201d b\u00fcruz\u0259 ver\u0259n Helen Enn h\u0259l\u0259 qap\u0131dan i\u00e7\u0259ri ayaq basmam\u0131\u015f onun \u00e7antas\u0131n\u0131 qap\u0131b i\u00e7ini e\u015f\u0259l\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 birlikd\u0259 s\u00fcfr\u0259 arxas\u0131na oturanda is\u0259 \u0259lini onun bo\u015fqab\u0131na soxur. Dig\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq Enn buna icaz\u0259 verm\u0259yib q\u0131z\u0131n \u0259lind\u0259n vurur. Bel\u0259 reaksiyaya al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015f u\u015faq q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nir v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259sini vurma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Enn Helenin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n az t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015f valideynl\u0259rind\u0259n xahi\u015f edir ki, otaqdan \u00e7\u0131xs\u0131nlar, yar\u0131m saatdan sonrasa sa\u00e7\u0131-ba\u015f\u0131 da\u011f\u0131n\u0131q halda bay\u0131ra \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b deyir: \u201cD\u00fczd\u00fcr, yem\u0259k ota\u011f\u0131 Karfagen xarabal\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131r, amma Helen salfeti qatlad\u0131\u201d.\n<\/p>\n
\n Bel\u0259likl\u0259, g\u00f6rm\u0259 v\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259 problemli \u015fagirdl\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259si aras\u0131nda irad\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259si ba\u015flay\u0131r. Zaman-zaman fiziki m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259n bu prosesd\u0259 Enn Helen\u0259 \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259dir. Zavall\u0131 q\u0131zc\u0131\u011faz onlar\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 anlamadan i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259zb\u0259rl\u0259yir, eyni zamanda xasiyy\u0259ti d\u0259 m\u00fclayiml\u0259\u015fir. Onun masa arxas\u0131nda m\u0259d\u0259ni davranmas\u0131ndan v\u0259 s\u00f6z\u0259baxan olmas\u0131ndan m\u0259mnun qalan valideynl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn el\u0259 bu q\u0259d\u0259ri d\u0259 b\u0259siydi. Amma Enn bel\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcrd\u00fc, o, \u015fagirdinin ba\u015fqalar\u0131yla \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t qura bilm\u0259sini vacib hesab edirdi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin birind\u0259 Enn Helenin atas\u0131na deyir ki, onun bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t q\u0131zla t\u0259k qalmas\u0131na \u015f\u0259rait yarats\u0131n:\n<\/p>\n
\n \u201cM\u0259n Helen\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 ki, ancaq \u201colmaz\u201dlar\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259tmi\u015f\u0259m. \u0130ndi o, a\u011fl\u0131nda iki \u015feyi birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi bacarmal\u0131d\u0131r \u2013 s\u00f6zl\u0259rin ad\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131. M\u0259n\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edin, kapitan Keller\u201d.\n<\/p>\n
\n \u00c7ox ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015f m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 v\u0259 \u015fagirdini h\u0259y\u0259td\u0259ki ki\u00e7ik ev\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirirl\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259lim-t\u0259dris prosesi bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t orda davam edir. Bir d\u0259f\u0259 onlar evin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 su quyusunun yan\u0131ndan ke\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259 Enn Helenin \u0259lini nasosla vurulan suyun alt\u0131na tutub barma\u011f\u0131yla o biri \u0259linin i\u00e7in\u0259 \u201csu\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yaz\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n
\n \u201cBir anl\u0131\u011fa donub qald\u0131m. Q\u0259fl\u0259t\u0259n beynimd\u0259 geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f bir fikrin – unudulmu\u015f bir \u015feyin dumanl\u0131 obraz\u0131 canland\u0131. Bird\u0259n nec\u0259s\u0259 dilin sirli mahiyy\u0259tini anlad\u0131m. Ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcm ki, \u201csu\u201d \u2013 ovcuma t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m s\u0259rinlikdir. Canl\u0131 d\u00fcnya ruhumu oyad\u0131b onu i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131rd\u0131. Art\u0131q m\u0259n h\u0259r \u015feyi o an k\u0259\u015ff etdiyim yeni \u00fcsulla g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131m\u201d \u2013 Helen sonralar h\u0259min g\u00fcn\u00fc bel\u0259 xat\u0131rlayacaqd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n
\n Su quyusunun yan\u0131ndak\u0131 hadis\u0259 z\u0259man\u0259sinin \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n birinin s\u00fcr\u0259tli v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 qoymu\u015fdu.\n<\/p>\n
\n ****\n<\/p>\n
\n O g\u00fcnd\u0259n etibar\u0259n Helen b\u00f6y\u00fck zehni qabiliyy\u0259t n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r, g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 30, b\u0259z\u0259n h\u0259tta daha \u00e7ox s\u00f6z \u00f6yr\u0259nir, \u00e7oxlu m\u0259\u015fq edib dan\u0131\u015fma\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r (Amma onun n\u0259 dem\u0259k ist\u0259diyini \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r ancaq \u0259n yax\u0131n adamlar\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259kdil\u0259r). \u018fliyl\u0259 insanlar\u0131n dodaqlar\u0131na toxunaraq onlar\u0131n dedikl\u0259rini anlama\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nir.\n<\/p>\n
\n \u00dc\u00e7 ay sonra Helen art\u0131q Brayl \u015friftiyl\u0259 yaza bilirdi. M\u00fcst\u0259qil \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 oxuma\u011fa da o, el\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bu m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259t Helenin o q\u0259d\u0259r xo\u015funa g\u0259lir ki, \u201cicaz\u0259 verm\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, Brayl \u0259lifbas\u0131nda \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f kitablar\u0131 gec\u0259l\u0259r gizlic\u0259 yata\u011f\u0131na apar\u0131b\u201d onlar\u0131 orda oxuyur. \u0130ki ay sonra o, Brayl \u0259lifbas\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin oxuya bil\u0259c\u0259yi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259 yazma\u011f\u0131 bacar\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n
\n Mister Ananyos Helenin u\u011furlar\u0131n\u0131 heyranl\u0131qla izl\u0259yir, onun \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc is\u0259 balaca ilah\u0259 adland\u0131r\u0131r. Sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 mister Ananyos Helen haqq\u0131nda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259 yaz\u0131r, bundan sonra onun ad\u0131 m\u0259tbuat s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tez-tez g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.\n<\/p>\n
\n 1888-ci ild\u0259 Heleni e\u015fitm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259llil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn olan m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 qoyurlar. \u0130ki il sonra yenid\u0259n evd\u0259 t\u0259hsil alma\u011fa ba\u015flayan Helen 16 ya\u015f\u0131nda Kembricin g\u0259nc q\u0131zlar m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259, sonra da Redkliff kollecin\u0259 (Harvard Universitetinin q\u0131zlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn variant\u0131na) daxil olur. Bu, o d\u00f6vr\u00fcyd\u00fc ki, t\u0259hsil m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259 problemlil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn he\u00e7 bir x\u00fcsusi t\u0259lim \u00fcsulu t\u0259tbiq edilmirdi. Enn b\u00fct\u00fcn leksiyalarda onun yan\u0131nda oturub \u201cbarmaq diliyl\u0259\u201d m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin dedikl\u0259rini \u201ct\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edirdi\u201d. Helen riyaziyyat, tarix v\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 f\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259n, lat\u0131n, alman v\u0259 frans\u0131z dill\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259hz f\u0259dakar m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259si say\u0259sind\u0259 imtahan ver\u0259 bilmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n
\n ****\n<\/p>\n
\n Redkliffd\u0259ki t\u0259hsil ill\u0259rind\u0259 Helend\u0259 radikal sol bax\u0131\u015flar formala\u015f\u0131r. O, korluq problemind\u0259n \u0259halinin daha \u00e7ox kas\u0131b t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kdiyini, bunun zavod v\u0259 fabrikl\u0259rd\u0259ki i\u015f \u015f\u0259raitiyl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li oldu\u011funu oxuyandan sonra f\u0259hl\u0259 haqlar\u0131yla maraqlanma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130mmiqrant f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259rin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 xarabal\u0131qlara ged\u0259n Helen onlar\u0131n h\u0259yat \u015f\u0259raitini ordak\u0131 \u00fcfun\u0259td\u0259n anlaya bilir. Bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra g\u0259nc q\u0131z h\u0259m d\u0259 feminizm\u0259 meyll\u0259nib sufrajistl\u0259r h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n lideri Emmelin Pankh\u00f6rst\u00fc d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yir. Ail\u0259 planla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131 ideyas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259y\u0259nib onun \u0259sas t\u0259bli\u011fat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Marqaret Senger\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k verir.\n<\/p>\n
\n T\u0259hsil ill\u0259rind\u0259 Helen \u201cH\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131n tarix\u00e7\u0259si\u201d adl\u0131 ilk avtobioqrafik kitab\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 \u201cLadies' Home Journal\u201dda d\u0259rc olunan (1903) v\u0259 t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fcsb\u0259t qar\u015f\u0131lanan bu \u0259s\u0259r sonralar 50 dil\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edilir, ingilis dilind\u0259ki variant\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 t\u0259krar n\u0259\u015fr olunur.\n<\/p>\n
\n Sonrak\u0131 illl\u0259rd\u0259 o, \u201cOptimizm\u201d, \u201cDa\u015f divar\u0131n mahn\u0131s\u0131\u201d, \u201cBizim Mark Tevn\u201d, \u201cA\u00e7\u0131q qap\u0131\u201d, \u201cM\u0259nim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m d\u00fcnya\u201d \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini yaz\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurla\u015f\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n
\n Kolleci f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259 diplomuyla bitir\u0259n (1904) Helen bakalavr t\u0259hsili alan ilk e\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lli insan olur.\n<\/p>\n
\n El\u0259 h\u0259min il Enn Sallivan Con Meysi adl\u0131 qat\u0131 sol\u00e7uyla ail\u0259 qurur. Con Helen\u0259 s\u00f6z verir ki, sevimli m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259sini he\u00e7 vaxt ondan ay\u0131rmayacaq (Amma 11 il sonra o, \u201csanki bir qad\u0131nla yox, institutla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir qurumla\u201d evl\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259n \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k Enni t\u0259rk edir). Helen Conla birlikd\u0259 Herbert Uellsin \u201cK\u00f6hn\u0259 d\u00fcnya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yenisi\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini oxuyur v\u0259 bu, onun sol\u00e7u m\u00f6vqeyini daha da m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259dir. Marks\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri is\u0259 onda sosializm\u0259 heyranl\u0131q oyad\u0131r: \u201cSanki yatm\u0131\u015fd\u0131m, oxuyandan sonra yeni d\u00fcnyada ay\u0131ld\u0131m\u201d.\n<\/p>\n
\n 1905-ci ild\u0259 Helen Sosialist Partiyas\u0131na \u00fczv olur. Bu, onun AB\u015e-dak\u0131 populyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ciddi z\u0259rb\u0259 vurur \u2013 buna q\u0259d\u0259r Helen\u0259 p\u0259r\u0259sti\u015f ed\u0259n c\u0259miyy\u0259t onu s\u0259rt \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259nqid etm\u0259y\u0259, h\u0259tta la\u011fa qoyma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Jurnalistl\u0259rin m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti is\u0259 daha s\u0259rt olur, onlar yaz\u0131rlar ki, Helen \u00f6z fiziki q\u00fcsuruna g\u00f6r\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u0259 obyektiv baxa bilmir.\n<\/p>\n
\n O, ilk d\u0259f\u0259 1912-ci ild\u0259, \u201cBoston Evening Herald\u201d q\u0259zetin\u0259 m\u00fcsahib\u0259 verir. El\u0259 h\u0259min il Helen Sosialist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk edib D\u00fcnya S\u0259naye F\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259ri (DSF; ingilisc\u0259: \u0130ndustrial Workers of the World – IWW) t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131na \u00fczv olur, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il sonra bunun s\u0259b\u0259bini \u201cpartiyan\u0131n \u00e7ox l\u0259ng f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259si v\u0259 siyasi bataql\u0131qda ili\u015fib qalmas\u0131yla\u201d izah edir. DSF \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 sol\u00e7u f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan Helen sosializml\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxlu m\u0259qal\u0259 yaz\u0131r. Bundan ba\u015fqa, AB\u015e-dak\u0131 irq\u00e7iliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan t\u0259\u015fkilatlara d\u0259st\u0259k verir. Ladlouda t\u0259til ed\u0259n m\u0259d\u0259n i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi q\u0259ddarl\u0131q n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirm\u0259kl\u0259 19 n\u0259f\u0259rin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015f (1918) Kolarado milli qvardiyas\u0131n\u0131 \u201ckapitalist y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131s\u0131\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n
\n ****\n<\/p>\n
\n Bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra Helen Keller tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f esseist v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 kimi populyarla\u015f\u0131r, telefonu icad etmi\u015f Aleksandr Bell onu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259n\u0259vi q\u0131z\u0131 elan edir. Helen h\u0259m d\u0259 Mark Tven, Con Rid, Emma Qoldman, \u00c7arli \u00c7aplin kimi m\u0259\u015fhurlarla dostla\u015f\u0131r. H\u0259tta \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin i\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131\u201d filmind\u0259ki kor q\u0131z obraz\u0131n\u0131 yaratmaqda \u00c7aplin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.\n<\/p>\n
\n Helenin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda AB\u015e prezidenti se\u00e7il\u0259nl\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 onu q\u0259bul edir. Bel\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n birind\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f fotoda Helenin prezident Duayt Eyzenhauerin \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 toxunmas\u0131 v\u0259 ikisinin d\u0259 \u00fcr\u0259kd\u0259n g\u00fclm\u0259si an\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ks olunub.\n<\/p>\n
\n Mark Tven Helen\u0259 x\u00fcsusi sevgiyl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. O, g\u0259nc q\u0131z v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259siyl\u0259 1898-ci ild\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmu\u015fdu. Helen\u0259 \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktubda onu \u201cd\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n ecazkar m\u0259xluqu\u201d adland\u0131ran yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 \u201cSiz v\u0259 miss Salliven birlikd\u0259 bir kamillik n\u00fcmun\u0259sisiniz\u201d yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Deyil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, o vaxt \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259diyi Janna Dark obraz\u0131n\u0131 Mark Tven bu iki qad\u0131ndan t\u0259sirl\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n
\n Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, \u0259n bahal\u0131 universitetl\u0259rd\u0259n biri olan Redkliffi Helen m\u0259hz onun say\u0259sind\u0259 bitir\u0259 bilmi\u015fdi: yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 q\u0131za yard\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn neft maqnat\u0131 Henri Rocersin arvad\u0131na m\u0259ktub yazm\u0131\u015f (\u201c\u018frinizi Helenin taleyil\u0259 maraqland\u0131r\u0131n. Bel\u0259 bir q\u0131z kas\u0131bl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u0259hsilini yar\u0131m\u00e7\u0131q qoymal\u0131 olsa, bu, Amerikan ay\u0131b\u0131 olacaq\u201d), Rocers d\u0259 laz\u0131m olan m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fi \u00f6d\u0259mi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n
\n ****\n<\/p>\n
\n Amma Helenin \u015f\u0259xsi h\u0259yat\u0131 bu q\u0259d\u0259r u\u011furlu deyildi.\n<\/p>\n
\n O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t onun kimi adamlar\u0131n ail\u0259 qurmas\u0131na birm\u0259nal\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259nfi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259yirdi dey\u0259 g\u0259nc q\u0131z\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131 sevgisiz ke\u00e7irdi. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn 22 ya\u015fl\u0131 katibi v\u0259 redaktoru Piter Feyqandan evlilik t\u0259klifi alanda onun 32 ya\u015f\u0131 vard\u0131. Piter \u201cbarmaq dilini\u201d \u0259la bilirdi v\u0259 Ennd\u0259n sonra Heleni \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 anlayan ikinci adam\u0131yd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n
\n H\u0259min g\u00fcn\u00fc o sonralar bel\u0259 xat\u0131rlayacaqd\u0131:\n<\/p>\n
\n \u201cOnun sevgisi m\u0259nim qaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sanki bir i\u015f\u0131q partlamas\u0131 oldu. Sevil\u0259n v\u0259 arzulanan biri olma\u011f\u0131n \u015firinliyi m\u0259ni sehirl\u0259di, m\u0259n h\u0259yat\u0131 bir ki\u015fiyl\u0259 payla\u015fma\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ed\u0259n bu m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m imkana do\u011fru qanadland\u0131m\u201d.\n<\/p>\n
\n Amma bu xo\u015fb\u0259xtliyin \u00f6mr\u00fc q\u0131sa olur. Art\u0131q kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r yetkin bir insan olan Helenin ham\u0131dan, h\u0259tta sevimli Ennisind\u0259n d\u0259 (valideynl\u0259ri kimi, m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259si d\u0259 onun \u0259r\u0259 getm\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131) gizli getdiyi bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259n sonra m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin \u00fcst\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r – xidm\u0259t\u00e7i o\u011flan onlar\u0131 \u00f6p\u00fc\u015f\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcb bunu q\u0131z\u0131n valideynl\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r. B\u0259rk qorxmu\u015f anas\u0131 Heleni sor\u011fu-suala \u00e7\u0259kir: \u201cS\u0259n o adamla ba\u015fqa n\u0259 etmis\u0259n? Q\u0259zetl\u0259r sizin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tiniz haqq\u0131nda \u0259caib \u015feyl\u0259r yaz\u0131rlar! Bu n\u0259 dem\u0259kdir?!\u201d\n<\/p>\n
\n Sonra yax\u0131nlar\u0131 Feyqan\u0131 evd\u0259n qovub Heleni zorla qohumlar\u0131gil\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rirl\u0259r. Sanki o, z\u0259man\u0259sinin g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti yox, yetkinlik ya\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015f bir yeniyetm\u0259ydi.\n<\/p>\n
\n \u015e\u0259xsi h\u0259yat\u0131na ba\u015fqalar\u0131 q\u0259rar ver\u0259n bu m\u0259\u015fhur qad\u0131n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il sonra daha bir evlilik t\u0259klifi al\u0131r \u2013 bu d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7oxdan tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n. Helenin ona cavab\u0131 bel\u0259 olur:\n<\/p>\n
\n Ard\u0131 var…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u201cXIX \u0259srd\u0259 iki b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t olub \u2013 Napoleon v\u0259 Helen Keller\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":119264,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-196771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n