{"id":193330,"date":"2019-01-04T19:49:56","date_gmt":"2019-01-04T19:49:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/kuba-azadliq-yoxsa-esaret-adasi\/"},"modified":"2019-01-04T19:49:56","modified_gmt":"2019-01-04T19:49:56","slug":"kuba-azadliq-yoxsa-esaret-adasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/kuba-azadliq-yoxsa-esaret-adasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kuba: azadl\u0131q, yoxsa \u0259sar\u0259t adas\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"Kuba
\n Kuba inqilab\u0131, 1959-cu il
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n
\n Kuba inqilab\u0131 adlanan \u00e7evrili\u015fin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n p\u0259ri\u015fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 xalq ya\u015fam\u0131rd\u0131
\n <\/i><\/p>\n

\u018fslind\u0259 ba\u015fqa m\u0259qal\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yirdim, lakin yanvar\u0131n 1-d\u0259 Kubada Fidel Kastro v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131n\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sinin 60-c\u0131 ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc oldu. Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar sosial \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 b\u0259zil\u0259ri Kastronun “Kuba xalq\u0131na azadl\u0131q g\u0259tirm\u0259si”, “AB\u015e imperializmin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 dir\u0259nm\u0259si” v\u0259 s. \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259rifl\u0259r ya\u011fd\u0131rd\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n T\u0259bii, he\u00e7 d\u0259 azsayl\u0131 olmayan \u0259ks fikirl\u0259r d\u0259 vard\u0131. M\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcm d\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 bir-iki \u015f\u0259rh yazd\u0131m. Lakin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm ki, ayr\u0131ca m\u0259qal\u0259 yazmaqda fayda var.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Yeniyetm\u0259lik vaxt\u0131 m\u0259n d\u0259 Kuba v\u0259 Kastro haqq\u0131nda y\u00fcks\u0259k fikird\u0259 olmu\u015fam, sovet t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131 \u00f6z t\u0259sirini g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. Amma t\u0259sad\u00fcf el\u0259 g\u0259tirdi ki, bir sinif yolda\u015f\u0131m \u0259sg\u0259rliyini Kubada \u00e7\u0259kdi; Kastro h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 tarixind\u0259n tan\u0131nan m\u0259\u015fhur Syerra Maestra \u0259razisind\u0259. Oradan qay\u0131dandan sonra is\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrl\u0259rimizi yerl\u0259-yeksan ed\u0259n \u0259hvalatlar dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ayd\u0131nd\u0131r ki, 30 il\u0259 yax\u0131n vaxt ke\u00e7diyind\u0259n, dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 detallar unudulub, yad\u0131mda qalan d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli defisit, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 h\u0259yat s\u0259viyy\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 \u00fcmumi r\u0259y idi. Bu m\u0259qal\u0259ni yazmam\u0131\u015fdan \u00f6nc\u0259 sinif yolda\u015f\u0131ma z\u0259ng etdim, yenid\u0259n b\u0259zi \u015feyl\u0259ri soru\u015fdum. T\u0259bii ki, o da art\u0131q \u00e7ox \u015feyi unudub.\n<\/p>\n

\n Amma kubal\u0131lar\u0131n h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259 ma\u011fazas\u0131nda sat\u0131lan bir \u00e7ox \u015feyi \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n qat-qat baha qiym\u0259t\u0259 almalar\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlay\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki defisit say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131lar. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, sovet istehsal\u0131 \u201c\u015eipr\u201d odekolonlar\u0131 ma\u011fazada 56 sentavoya al\u0131b, az qala iyirmi d\u0259f\u0259 baha – 10 pesoya kubal\u0131lara satmaq olurmu\u015f.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, 72%-lik t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat sabununa, \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 veril\u0259n maykalara b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259l\u0259bat oldu\u011funu xat\u0131rlay\u0131r. Defisit olan \u0259rzaq m\u0259hsullar\u0131, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 \u0259t, \u00f6z yerind\u0259. Amma bunlar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 art\u0131q \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259r deyil, y\u00fcks\u0259k r\u00fctb\u0259li zabitl\u0259r m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurlarm\u0131\u015f.\n<\/p>\n

\n Anlay\u0131ram ki, bunlar \u015fifahi m\u0259lumatlard\u0131r v\u0259 ist\u0259nil\u0259n adam\u0131n inanmamaq h\u00fcququ var. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259lah\u0259zr\u0259t faktlara ke\u00e7\u0259k.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n 1983-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n “\u00c7ap\u0131q \u00fcz” (orijinalda: Scarface) filmin\u0259 \u00e7oxu bax\u0131b. \u018fslind\u0259 1932-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n, ba\u015f q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n prototipinin m\u0259\u015fhur qanqster Al Kapone olan filmin rimeykidir.
\n
\n Lakin Brayan De Palman\u0131n rejissoru oldu\u011fu, Al Pa\u00e7inonun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m rollar\u0131ndan birini oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikinci film \u00e7\u0259kildiyi d\u00f6vr\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n 3 il \u0259vv\u0259l ba\u015f ver\u0259n “Mariel k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc” il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilib. Filmin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 ged\u0259n titrl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n bunlar yaz\u0131l\u0131r:\n<\/p>\n

\n “1980-ci ilin may\u0131\u0131nda Fidel Kactro Mariel liman\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7d\u0131, bununla da bir s\u0131ra v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131na AB\u015e-da ya\u015fayan qohumlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na m\u00fchacir\u0259t etm\u0259k imkan\u0131 verdi. 3 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 3000 Amerika qay\u0131qlar\u0131 adaya yolland\u0131. Tezlikl\u0259 ayd\u0131n oldu ki, g\u00f6y\u0259rt\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z qohumlar\u0131na qovu\u015fma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarla yana\u015f\u0131 Kastronun irad\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq c\u0259miyy\u0259tin t\u00f6r-t\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259ri d\u0259 var. Floridaya g\u0259l\u0259n 125 min insandan t\u0259xmin\u0259n 25 mini kriminal t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hala malik idil\u0259r”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Dediyimiz kimi, Mariel k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ba\u015f vermi\u015f hadis\u0259dir. \u00d6z\u00fc d\u0259 Kuba xalq\u0131n\u0131n Kastro hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tini kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ayd\u0131n \u0259ks etdir\u0259n bir hadis\u0259dir.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1980-ci ild\u0259 art\u0131q 20 ild\u0259n \u00e7ox idi ki, Kastro Kuba xalq\u0131na “azadl\u0131q” b\u0259x\u015f etmi\u015fdi. Lakin q\u0259dirbilm\u0259z \u0259hali g\u00f6yl\u0259rin bu h\u0259diyy\u0259sini laz\u0131m\u0131nca qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirmir, o zaman b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada sol m\u0259tbuat\u0131n “Azadl\u0131q adas\u0131” kimi t\u0259qdim etdiyi \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n aradan \u00e7\u0131xmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yollar aray\u0131rd\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, kommunistl\u0259r xalq\u0131n ad\u0131ndan iqtidara g\u0259lib, xalqa azadl\u0131q b\u0259x\u015f etdiyi, xalq (v\u0259 ya f\u0259hl\u0259-k\u0259ndli) hakimiyy\u0259ti qurdu\u011fu deyil\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n xalq n\u0259d\u0259ns\u0259 qa\u00e7ma\u011fa meylli olur. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcraci\u0259t olunan metodlar\u0131n r\u0259ngar\u0259ngliyi insan\u0131 heyr\u0259t\u0259 sal\u0131r. Bir qismi bar\u0259d\u0259 “\u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyadan qa\u00e7\u0131\u015flar” adl\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259md\u0259 b\u0259hs etmi\u015fdim. \u0130ndi qay\u0131daq Mariel k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u0259.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1980-ci il aprelin 1-d\u0259 alt\u0131 n\u0259f\u0259r nankor Kuba v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck komandantenin onlara b\u0259x\u015f etdiyi azadl\u0131qlar\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r g\u00f6z\u0259llikl\u0259ri layiqinc\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacaq almaq v\u0259 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u0259kd\u0259 olan kapitalizm\u0259 m\u00fchacir\u0259t etm\u0259k ist\u0259yil\u0259 avtobusla Peru s\u0259firliyinin qap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 taran etdil\u0259r. Bu zaman s\u0259firliyi m\u00fchafiz\u0259 ed\u0259n Kuba polisi silah\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xarmaq ist\u0259rk\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yaralad\u0131 (b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcy\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131r).\n<\/p>\n

\n Qa\u00e7maq ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin Peru s\u0259firliyin\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmalar\u0131 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyildi. Deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, o zaman Lat\u0131n Amerikas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 var idi ki, bir-birl\u0259rinin s\u0259firlikl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan insanlara s\u0259rb\u0259st \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f icaz\u0259si verirdil\u0259r. Bu, he\u00e7 bir s\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259, protokolda \u0259ks olunmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131, sad\u0259c\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 idi. H\u0259tta h\u0259rbi xuntalar\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 olduqlar\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 bel\u0259 buna \u0259m\u0259l olunurdu.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ndi is\u0259 Fidel Kastro polisin yaralanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k cinay\u0259t i\u015fi a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259min alt\u0131 n\u0259f\u0259rin t\u0259hvil verilm\u0259li oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259di. Peru s\u0259firliyi is\u0259 bu t\u0259l\u0259bi r\u0259dd etdi. Daha sonra insidentin s\u0259firlik \u0259razisind\u0259 v\u0259 dem\u0259li, Peru \u0259razisind\u0259 ba\u015f verdiyini \u0259sas g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k onlar\u0131n Peruda m\u00fchakim\u0259 oluna bil\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini s\u00f6yl\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n Aprelin 4-d\u0259 Kastro inan\u0131lmaz x\u0259taya yol verdi. O, “\u00f6z t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 biziml\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q etm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n s\u0259firlikl\u0259ri m\u00fchafiz\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259rik”,- s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k Peru s\u0259firliyinin m\u00fchafiz\u0259sini l\u0259\u011fv etdi. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr o, \u00f6z xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u0259hval-ruhiyy\u0259sind\u0259n tamamil\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259rsiz idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu elandan d\u0259rhal sonra daha 50 n\u0259f\u0259r Peru s\u0259firliyin\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. Ert\u0259si g\u00fcn ax\u015fam onlar\u0131n say\u0131 art\u0131q 2 min\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin bu h\u0259l\u0259 ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131cd\u0131. Proses qar topas\u0131 kimi b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcrd\u00fc. Aprelin 6-da s\u0259firliy\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan antimilli \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rin say\u0131 10 min\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131. Peru s\u0259firliyi geni\u015f \u0259razid\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fs\u0259 d\u0259, bu q\u0259d\u0259r insan\u0131n yem\u0259k, i\u00e7m\u0259k, tualet, tibbi ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 qadir deyildi.
\n
\n N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq problem\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Dig\u0259r Lat\u0131n Amerikas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u0130spaniya m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n sayda insanlara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacaq verm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdil\u0259r. P\u0259rt v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n Kuba h\u00f6kum\u0259ti s\u0259firliy\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nanlar\u0131 “f\u0131r\u0131ldaq\u00e7\u0131lar, antisosial \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259r, zibil” adland\u0131rmal\u0131 oldu. Ax\u0131, bel\u0259 olmayan, normal insanlar kommunist c\u0259nn\u0259tind\u0259n niy\u0259 qa\u00e7s\u0131nlar ki?
\n
\n Aprelin 8-d\u0259 3700 n\u0259f\u0259r h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259n m\u00fchacir\u0259t\u0259 icaz\u0259 ver\u0259n burax\u0131l\u0131\u015f alaraq h\u0259l\u0259lik evl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Bundan sonra Peru s\u0259firliyin\u0259 gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015f yen\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 aprelin 20-d\u0259 Kuba h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u00f6lk\u0259ni t\u0259rk etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n h\u0259r k\u0259s \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Mariel liman\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131q oldu\u011funu bildirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fg\u0259r bu q\u0259d\u0259r nankorsunuzsa, \u00e7\u0131x\u0131n gedin! Hakimiyy\u0259t h\u0259risi oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 deyil, yaln\u0131z v\u0259 yaln\u0131z sizin xo\u015fb\u0259xtliyiniz namin\u0259 21 ildir istirah\u0259t etm\u0259d\u0259n gec\u0259-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan (h\u0259l\u0259 28 il d\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaq) Fidelin q\u0259drini bilmirsinizs\u0259, r\u0259dd olun! 21 ildir m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri kimi sizin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min ed\u0259n (h\u0259l\u0259 28 il d\u0259 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 sonra ali v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k) Raul Kastronu qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirmirsinizs\u0259, c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259m olun!\n<\/p>\n

\n Bundan sonra ba\u015f ver\u0259n Mariel k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259svir etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn klaviatura acizdir. \u00d6lk\u0259nin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259razisind\u0259n insanlar Havanaya, oradan da 40 km q\u0259rbd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Mariel liman\u0131na \u00fcz tuturlar. Havana-Mariel avtobuslar\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131nacan dolu halda gedir. Taksil\u0259r gec\u0259-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz adam da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rlar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Limanda is\u0259 onlar\u0131 AB\u015e-da (\u0259sas\u0259n Florida \u015ftat\u0131nda) ya\u015fayan \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 Kuba diasporas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi qay\u0131qlar, katerl\u0259r g\u00f6zl\u0259yir. Ax\u0131, nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259md\u0259 ya\u015fayan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 yolda\u015f axtarar. Amerika humanitar t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi qay\u0131qlar da limana yan al\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fhalinin bu k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t izl\u0259y\u0259n Kastro h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin sonda \u00fcr\u0259yi d\u00f6zm\u00fcr, onlar\u0131n bu a\u011f\u0131ls\u0131z niyy\u0259td\u0259n da\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00fcsullara \u0259l at\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, paytaxtdan Mariel\u0259 ged\u0259n avtobuslar y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Lakin b\u0259db\u0259xtlikd\u0259n m\u0259saf\u0259 el\u0259 d\u0259 uzaq deyil. \u0130nsanlar mahn\u0131 oxuya-oxuya, r\u0259qs ed\u0259-ed\u0259 piyada gedirl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ba\u015fqa qayda t\u0259tbiq edilir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259, getm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r bir sutka \u00f6nc\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259 il\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259l\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 hardansa kommunist “z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015fl\u0259r” x\u0259b\u0259r tutur. K\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n insanlar evd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xark\u0259n onlar\u0131 da\u015f v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259 silahlanm\u0131\u015f “paytaxt sakinl\u0259ri” g\u00f6zl\u0259yir. Polis\u0259 \u015fikay\u0259t dem\u0259k olar ki, faydas\u0131zd\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n T\u0259bii, ged\u0259nl\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 s\u00fcdd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f a\u011f qa\u015f\u0131q deyill\u0259r. \u018fhalinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259xsus insanlar var, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n kriminal elementl\u0259r d\u0259. Bel\u0259l\u0259rinin gedi\u015find\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259t d\u0259 maraql\u0131d\u0131r, bir \u00e7oxunu h\u0259tta \u00f6z\u00fc h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259ndirir. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 psixoloji dispanserl\u0259rd\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin bel\u0259 AB\u015e-a g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259si s\u00f6yl\u0259nilir.\n<\/p>\n

\n “\u00c7ap\u0131q \u00fcz” filmind\u0259 Fidel Kastronun Mariel k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc bar\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bir par\u00e7a da verilir. Komendante “Onlar bizim inqilab\u0131n ruhunu d\u0259rk etm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rdir v\u0259 biz\u0259 laz\u0131m deyill\u0259r!” s\u00f6yl\u0259yir. Halbuki, ged\u0259nl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti normal t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hala malik olan insanlar idil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Kubadan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259cmi h\u0259tta AB\u015e hakimiyy\u0259tini \u015fok etdi. Onminl\u0259rl\u0259 insana z\u0259ruri \u015f\u0259rait yaratmaq asan deyildi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Karter administrasiyas\u0131 q\u0259bulu dayand\u0131rmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f verdi. Q\u0259bul olunan qanuna g\u00f6r\u0259, AB\u015e torpa\u011f\u0131na art\u0131q aya\u011f\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259n kubal\u0131lar \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 qala bil\u0259rdil\u0259r, d\u0259nizd\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lananlar geri qaytar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131lar. Oktyabr\u0131n 31-d\u0259 Kastro h\u00f6kum\u0259ti d\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259 verdiyi icaz\u0259ni l\u0259\u011fv etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Alt\u0131 ay \u0259rzind\u0259 Kuban\u0131 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r insan\u0131n t\u0259rk etdiyi d\u0259qiq m\u0259lum deyil. Filmd\u0259 deyildiyi kimi, t\u0259kc\u0259 AB\u015e-a ged\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 125 min idi. Lakin minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif Lat\u0131n Amerikas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u0130spaniyaya k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fc.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Kuba inqilab\u0131 adlanan \u00e7evrili\u015fin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n p\u0259ri\u015fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 xalq ya\u015fam\u0131rd\u0131. Eyni proses Kastronun \u0259n yax\u0131n \u0259traf\u0131nda daha \u00f6nc\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu s\u0131raya h\u0259tta Fidelin ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri daxil idil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Batista diktaturas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 partizan m\u00fcharib\u0259si \u00fcmumi demokratik h\u0259r\u0259kat say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Burada kommunist olmayan xeyli insanlar i\u015ftirak edirdil\u0259r. Fidelin \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131 Rauldan v\u0259 \u00c7e Gevaradan f\u0259rqli olaraq he\u00e7 zaman \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc kommunist kimi q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 vermirdi. Lakin hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259ndikd\u0259n sonra v\u0259ziyy\u0259t d\u0259yi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu da bir s\u0131ra silahda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n etiraz\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. T\u0259kpartiyal\u0131 sistem, r\u0259qab\u0259tli se\u00e7kil\u0259rin olmamas\u0131, yadfikirliliyin bo\u011fulmas\u0131, bir adam\u0131n yar\u0131m \u0259sr davam ed\u0259n hakimiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 sonra qarda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 varis se\u00e7m\u0259si – h\u0259min insanlar\u0131n can atd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259r he\u00e7 d\u0259 bu deyildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130lk etiraz ed\u0259n Uber Matos oldu. O, partizan h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 zaman\u0131 9-cu kolona r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n komandante, \u0259qid\u0259c\u0259 sosialist v\u0259 qat\u0131 antikommunist idi (bizim c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259, bu, bir q\u0259d\u0259r anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 “sol\u00e7u”dey\u0259n m\u00fctl\u0259q kommunist v\u0259 Moskva heyran\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r).\n<\/p>\n

\n O, h\u0259l\u0259 iyul ay\u0131nda Kastro iqtidar\u0131n\u0131n kommunist t\u0259may\u00fcl\u00fcn\u0259 etiraz ed\u0259r\u0259k istefa verdi. Lakin Fidel t\u0259kb\u0259t\u0259k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 onu inand\u0131ra bildi ki, bu, sad\u0259c\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti manevrdir: “\u018fg\u0259r bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra g\u00f6rs\u0259niz ki, he\u00e7 n\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fmir, istefa verm\u0259k sizin h\u00fcququnuzdur”.\n<\/p>\n

\n He\u00e7 n\u0259yin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259diyini g\u00f6r\u0259n Matos oktyabr ay\u0131nda istefa verdi. Onunla birlikd\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Kamaquey \u0259yal\u0259tinin 15 v\u0259zif\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsi d\u0259 eyni add\u0131m\u0131 atd\u0131. “\u0130stefa sizin h\u00fcququnuzdur”,- dey\u0259n Kastro bunu qiyam kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirdi v\u0259 Matos h\u0259bs olundu.\n<\/p>\n

\n D\u00fcn\u0259n inqilab\u0131n q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 olan Uber Matos indi \u0259ksinqilab\u00e7\u0131, AB\u015e v\u0259 Batista t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 elan edildi v\u0259 20 il h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259hkum olundu. Bu c\u0259za 1 g\u00fcn d\u0259 olsun q\u0131sald\u0131lmad\u0131, “son z\u0259ng”\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r yatan Matos 1979-cu ild\u0259 h\u0259bsxanadan \u00e7\u0131xandan sonra m\u00fchacir\u0259t etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"Soldan
\n Soldan sa\u011fa: Fidel Kastro, Eloy Qutyerres Menoyo v\u0259 Uilyam Aleksandr Morqan
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n AB\u015e v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131 Uilyam Morqan 1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Kubaya g\u0259ldi v\u0259 yerli \u0259halini demokratiya qovu\u015fmas\u0131 namin\u0259 silahl\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259kata qo\u015fuldu: “D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, azad adamlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n \u0259sas \u015fey – ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259kdir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 buradayam”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Partizan h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 zaman\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259cn\u0259bi komandante tituluna layiq g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc: argentinal\u0131 \u00c7e Gevara, ispan Eloy Qutyerres Menoyo v\u0259 amerikal\u0131 Uilyam Morqan. O, inqilab\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri v\u0259 Kuban\u0131n milli q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin o da yeni qurulu\u015fun kommunist diktaturas\u0131na \u00e7evrilm\u0259sini t\u0259nqid edirdi, bu y\u00f6nd\u0259 x\u00fcsus\u0259n \u00c7e Gevara il\u0259 ciddi toqqu\u015fmalar\u0131 olurdu.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1960-c\u0131 ilin oktyabr\u0131nda Morqan h\u0259bs edildi. \u0130nqilab q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 indi AB\u015e-\u0131n M\u0259rk\u0259zi K\u0259\u015ffiyyat \u0130dar\u0259sinin agenti elan olundu v\u0259 5 ay sonra g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259ndi. Morqan edam olunan d\u0259qiq\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f yolda\u015f\u0131 Fidel Kastro \u00c7in n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 veril\u0259n ziyaf\u0259td\u0259 \u015f\u0259nl\u0259nirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ad\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131q \u00e7\u0259kdiyimiz Eloy Qutyerres sol\u00e7u v\u0259 r\u0259ngind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq ist\u0259nil\u0259n diktaturan\u0131n q\u0259ti \u0259leyhdar\u0131 idi. O, Kastro qarda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 \u00c7e Gevaran\u0131n qurdu\u011fu rejimin mahiyy\u0259tini anlayan kimi ona qar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Lakin 1965-ci ild\u0259 \u0259sir al\u0131nd\u0131. Yar\u0131m saat davam ed\u0259n m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n sonra 30 il m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 azadl\u0131qdan m\u0259hrum edildi v\u0259 yaln\u0131z 22 ild\u0259n sonra beyn\u0259lxalq t\u0259zyiq say\u0259sind\u0259 azadl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018flav\u0259 ed\u0259k ki, Kastro qarda\u015flar\u0131 bu v\u0259 dig\u0259r ke\u00e7mi\u015f m\u00fcbariz\u0259 yolda\u015flar\u0131na h\u0259bsxanada a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259l\u0259r verm\u0259kd\u0259n d\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kinmirdil\u0259r. Siyah\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ox uzatmaq olar, lakin ke\u00e7\u0259k ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rin\u0259.\n<\/p>\n

\n Xuanito Kastro Fidel v\u0259 Raulun t\u0259kc\u0259 bac\u0131s\u0131 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 silahda\u015f\u0131 idi. Partizan m\u00fcharib\u0259si apard\u0131qlar\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 qon\u015fu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri g\u0259z\u0259r\u0259k silah v\u0259 \u0259rzaq \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pul toplama\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k edirdi. Lakin o da q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259nin azadl\u0131q v\u0259 demokratiya deyil, diktatura g\u0259tirm\u0259sind\u0259n p\u0259ri\u015fan oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sonralar o, \u00f6z se\u00e7imi haqda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “M\u0259n ya Kubaya sadiq olmal\u0131 idim, ya da qarda\u015flar\u0131ma”. Xuanita Kuban\u0131 se\u00e7ir. O, \u00c7e Gevaraya da x\u00fcsusil\u0259 k\u0259skin m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259yir, onu “q\u0259lbi olmayan adam” adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Xuanita \u00f6z etiraf\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 1961-1964-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259tta M\u0259rk\u0259zi K\u0259\u015ffiyyat \u0130dar\u0259si il\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q edib. O, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 pul almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sad\u0259c\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259sini \u00f6z qarda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n tiraniyas\u0131ndan xilas etm\u0259yi borc sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan etdiyini bildirir. 1964-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Kubadan AB\u015e-a m\u00fchacir\u0259t edir v\u0259 indi d\u0259 Kastro rejiminin \u0259n s\u0259rt t\u0259nqid\u00e7isi olmaqda davam edir.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259tta Fidelin nikahdank\u0259nar q\u0131z\u0131 Alina Fernandes bel\u0259 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259 saxta s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin, parikin v\u0259 qrimin k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259 Kubadan qa\u00e7d\u0131. M\u00fcsahib\u0259l\u0259rinin birind\u0259 atas\u0131n\u0131n qurdu\u011fu rejimi “tamamil\u0259 d\u00f6z\u00fclm\u0259z” adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n 1959-cu il yanvar\u0131n 1-d\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259 Kubaya azadl\u0131q g\u0259tirm\u0259di. \u018fksin\u0259, siyasi rejim daha da s\u0259rtl\u0259\u015fdi: Batista avtoritarizmini Kastro totalitarizmi \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259di. Bu rejim indiy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. M\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu 60 il \u0259rzind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir normal se\u00e7ki ke\u00e7irilm\u0259yib, s\u00f6z, s\u0259rb\u0259st topla\u015fmaq, m\u0259tbuat azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 imitasiya bel\u0259 olunmay\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n Minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nib, y\u00fczminl\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259bsl\u0259rd\u0259n, \u0259m\u0259k d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ke\u00e7ib. Amerika h\u00fcquq m\u00fcdafi\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n hesablamalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, Fidel Kastro \u0259halinin say\u0131na nisb\u0259td\u0259 Hitler v\u0259 Stalind\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7ox insan\u0131 h\u0259bs\u0259 at\u0131b. Dustaqlar m\u00fct\u0259m\u0259di olaraq qeyri-insani r\u0259ftara v\u0259 i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131blar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Tarixin faci\u0259si ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, bu totalitar rejimin banil\u0259rind\u0259n biri Ernesto \u00c7e Gevara h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 milyonlarla insan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n azadl\u0131q ikonas\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul edilir. Halbuki, yuxar\u0131da adlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdiyimiz Uber Matos, Uilyam Morqan, Eloy Qutyerres bu \u015f\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 qat-qat daha \u00e7ox layiqdirl\u0259r. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, bu m\u0259qal\u0259ni oxuyan insanlar\u0131n \u00e7oxu onlar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 duyacaq.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kuba inqilab\u0131 adlanan \u00e7evrili\u015fin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n p\u0259ri\u015fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 xalq ya\u015fam\u0131rd\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":115300,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-193330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analitika","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKuba: azadl\u0131q, yoxsa \u0259sar\u0259t adas\u0131? - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/kuba-azadliq-yoxsa-esaret-adasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kuba: azadl\u0131q, yoxsa \u0259sar\u0259t adas\u0131? 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