{"id":192990,"date":"2018-12-12T15:42:05","date_gmt":"2018-12-12T15:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/iran-neftinin-uc-calari-museddiq\/"},"modified":"2018-12-12T15:42:05","modified_gmt":"2018-12-12T15:42:05","slug":"iran-neftinin-uc-calari-museddiq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/iran-neftinin-uc-calari-museddiq\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ran neftinin \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7alar\u0131: M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq\"
\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n \u0130ran hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7ox g\u00fcman ki, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya parlamentin\u0259 oktyabr\u0131n 25-d\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n se\u00e7kil\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sir etdi\n<\/p>\n

\n Bundan \u00f6nc\u0259ki
\n
\n m\u0259qal\u0259mizd\u0259
\n <\/a>
\n \u00a0\u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n sonra \u0130ran neftinin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si u\u011frunda milli h\u0259r\u0259katdan b\u0259hs etmi\u015fdik. B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n v\u0259 ona m\u0259xsus A\u0130OC (\u0130ngilis-\u0130ran neft \u015firk\u0259ti) m\u00fcqavim\u0259tin\u0259 baxmayaraq, 1951-ci il mart\u0131n 15-d\u0259 \u0130ran parlamenti (M\u0259clis) neftin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etdi. Bununla \u0130ran nefti u\u011frunda sava\u015f daha da alovland\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259clisin neftin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131ndan sonra A\u0130OC a\u011f\u0131r \u0259m\u0259k \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0130ran neft\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259diyi 30% \u0259lav\u0259ni dayand\u0131rd\u0131. Buna cavab olaraq \u00f6nc\u0259 Bender-Ma\u015fur v\u0259 A\u011facari neft\u00e7il\u0259ri t\u0259til\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar, sonra is\u0259 ba\u015fqa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259ki h\u0259mkarlar\u0131 da onlara qo\u015fuldu. \u00d6lk\u0259nin dig\u0259r yerl\u0259rini is\u0259 neft\u00e7il\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259mr\u0259ylik mitinql\u0259ri b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc.\n<\/p>\n

\n Yeni Ba\u015f nazir H\u00fcseyn \u018fla t\u0259til\u00e7il\u0259rin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. Ba\u015f ver\u0259n toqqu\u015fmalarda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259r neft\u00e7i \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc v\u0259 yaraland\u0131. Lakin t\u0259tilin davam etm\u0259si A\u0130OC-u geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 vadar etdi. 30%-lik \u0259lav\u0259 b\u0259rpa edildi, \u00fcst\u0259lik t\u0259til g\u00fcnl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 tam \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6d\u0259nilm\u0259si v\u0259d olundu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Aprelin 25-d\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi neft komissiyas\u0131 M\u0259clis\u0259 neftin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sind\u0259n b\u0259hs ed\u0259n daha iki qanun layih\u0259si t\u0259qdim etdi. Millil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin \u0259leyhdar\u0131 olan \u018fla s\u0259l\u0259fi R\u0259zmara kimi q\u0259tl olunmaq ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k istefa verdi. Bundan sonra Milli C\u0259bh\u0259nin lideri M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq Ba\u015f nazir postuna namiz\u0259d oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq 1951-ci il aprelin 28-d\u0259 M\u0259clis \u00fczvl\u0259rinin b\u00f6y\u00fck s\u0259s \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc il\u0259 (79 s\u0259s lehin\u0259, 12 s\u0259s \u0259leyhin\u0259) Ba\u015f nazir se\u00e7ildi. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Rza \u015fah P\u0259hl\u0259vi Ba\u015f nazirliy\u0259 qat\u0131 monarxist Seyid Ziya T\u0259bat\u0259baini t\u0259yin etm\u0259k ist\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, Milli C\u0259bh\u0259 liderinin b\u00f6y\u00fck populyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0259kin\u0259r\u0259k M\u0259clisin q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sdiq etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n S\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n iki qanun layih\u0259si is\u0259 may\u0131n 1-d\u0259 q\u0259bul olundu. Qanunda neftd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n g\u0259lirl\u0259rin 25%-nin kompensasiya olaraq A\u0130OC-a \u00f6d\u0259nilm\u0259si n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulurdu. Temza sahill\u0259rind\u0259 is\u0259 bu paya raz\u0131 olmad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n May\u0131n 26-da \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 \u0130ranla aralar\u0131ndak\u0131 problemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn BMT-nin beyn\u0259lxalq m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 (Haaqa M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si) m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdi. M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 yekun q\u0259rar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r \u0130ran h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 A\u0130OC-un \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcsadir\u0259si istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 add\u0131mlar atma\u011f\u0131 qada\u011fan etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq\"
\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Beyn\u0259lxalq m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin yekun q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir ild\u0259n \u00e7ox vaxt laz\u0131m g\u0259ldi. 1952-ci il iyulun 22-d\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lan h\u00f6kmd\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 1933-c\u00fc il m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda deyil, \u0130ranla A\u0130OC aras\u0131nda imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k bu i\u015f\u0259 baxmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ran\u0131 iqtisadi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n c\u0259zaland\u0131rmaq ist\u0259y\u0259n Dumanl\u0131 Albion millil\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n nefti 1951-ci ilin ortalar\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n almaqdan imtina etdi. Abadan liman\u0131na yan alm\u0131\u015f tankerl\u0259r neft doldurmadan geri qay\u0131td\u0131lar. N\u0259h\u0259ng neft ixracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olan \u0130ran\u0131n da birc\u0259 d\u0259n\u0259 d\u0259 olsun \u00f6z tankeri yox idi v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil sat\u0131\u015f imkan\u0131na malik deyildi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 illik neft hasilat\u0131 xeyli azald\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ndi t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tindir, amma o zaman AB\u015e \u0130ran icimai fikrind\u0259 daha m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi imic\u0259 malik idi. Bundan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n prezident Trumen xarici m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7isi Averell Harriman\u0131 vasit\u0259\u00e7ilik \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tehrana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. Lakin bu missiya u\u011furlu olmad\u0131. \u0130ranl\u0131lar millil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259d\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey haqq\u0131nda e\u015fitm\u0259k ist\u0259mirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Avqust-sentyabr aylar\u0131nda neft m\u0259d\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 Abadan neft emal\u0131 zavodunda A\u0130OC-\u0131n ixtisasl\u0131 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri \u0130ran\u0131 t\u0259rk etdil\u0259r. Vaxtil\u0259 R\u0259zmaran\u0131n x\u0259b\u0259rdar etdiyi kimi, \u0130ran y\u00fcks\u0259k ixtisasl\u0131 personal\u0131n yoxlu\u011fundan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Amma zat\u0259n nefti satmaq da imkans\u0131z idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n t\u0259zyiqi say\u0259sind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0130randan neft alm\u0131rd\u0131. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 S\u0259udiyy\u0259 \u018fr\u0259bistan\u0131, \u0130raq v\u0259 K\u00fcveytd\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lan neftin h\u0259cmi art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130ran neftinin \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 bazara \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131ld\u0131. Bir italyan tankeri Abadan liman\u0131nda neft doldurub uzaqla\u015fmaq ist\u0259rk\u0259n, Fars k\u00f6rf\u0259sind\u0259ki Britaniya donanmas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n saxlan\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 da\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 “o\u011furluq neft” m\u00fcsadir\u0259 edildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fg\u0259r 1950-ci ild\u0259 hasilat 32,5 milyon ton t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fdis\u0259, 1951-ci ild\u0259 16,8 milyon ton oldu. Lakin bu, h\u0259l\u0259 ilk yar\u0131mild\u0259 normal (t\u0259til g\u00fcnl\u0259rini istisna ets\u0259k) hasilat\u0131n v\u0259 ehtiyat \u00e7\u0259nl\u0259rin doldurulmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 idi. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti iki ild\u0259 hasilat dem\u0259k olar ki, tam dayand\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya problemi h\u0259tta BMT T\u015e-na da\u015f\u0131ma\u011fa c\u0259hd etdi. Oktyabr\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda Nyu-Yorka s\u0259f\u0259r ed\u0259n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq T\u015e-n\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 he\u00e7 bir b\u0259yannam\u0259 q\u0259bul etm\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131 sala bildi. Bu, Tehran\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si, Londonun is\u0259 ac\u0131 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259ti idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n BMT-d\u0259ki u\u011furundan sonra M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq prezident Trumenin d\u0259v\u0259til\u0259 Va\u015finqtona yollan\u0131r, burada AB\u015e prezidenti v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t katibi il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Lakin n\u0259 “a\u011fayi Trumen”, n\u0259 d\u0259 “a\u011fayi A\u00e7eson” \u0130ran\u0131n Ba\u015f nazirini ingilisl\u0259rl\u0259 konsensusa g\u0259lm\u0259yin z\u0259rur\u0259tin\u0259 inand\u0131ra bilmir.
\n
\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq amerikanlara \u0130ran neftinin hasilat\u0131nda \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q t\u0259klif edir. Bu amerikal\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn c\u0259lbedici t\u0259klif idi, lakin k\u00f6hn\u0259 m\u00fctt\u0259fiqi B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri korlayacaq q\u0259d\u0259r c\u0259lbedici deyildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ran hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7ox g\u00fcman ki, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya parlamentin\u0259 oktyabr\u0131n 25-d\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n se\u00e7kil\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sir etdi v\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t d\u0259yi\u015fikiyin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Do\u011frudur, hakim Leyborist Partiyas\u0131 daha \u00e7ox s\u0259s (13,95 milyon v\u0259 48,8%) toplad\u0131, lakin majoritar sistemin \u00f6z\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259karlara (12,66 milyon v\u0259 44,3%) uduzdu. Onlar\u0131n 295 mandat\u0131 m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259karlar 302 mandat qazand\u0131lar v\u0259 77 ya\u015fl\u0131 Uinston \u00c7\u00f6r\u00e7ill Ba\u015f nazir oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Adi halda bu u\u011furuna g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00c7\u00f6r\u00e7ill y\u0259qin ki, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u0259f\u0259 “\u0130lin adam\u0131” se\u00e7il\u0259rdi, lakin \u201cTime\u201d jurnal\u0131 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin Q\u0259rb istismar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini daha y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirdi. M\u0259hz \u0130ran\u0131n Ba\u015f naziri 1951-ci il \u00fczr\u0259 “\u0130lin adam\u0131” se\u00e7ildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n yaranm\u0131\u015f status-kvo il\u0259 bar\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k sad\u0259l\u00f6vhl\u00fck olard\u0131. London ilk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259tta birba\u015fa h\u0259rbi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. Lakin Va\u015finqtonun raz\u0131l\u0131q verm\u0259m\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n bu plandan vaz ke\u00e7m\u0259li oldu. O zaman ingilisl\u0259r M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqi daxild\u0259n y\u0131xmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. 1952-ci ilin yaz\u0131nda ke\u00e7iril\u0259c\u0259k parlament se\u00e7kil\u0259ri bu i\u015fd\u0259 yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131 ola bil\u0259rdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n X\u00fcsus\u0259n \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259tin z\u0259if olmas\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k ingilisl\u0259r\u0259 yax\u0131n olan, h\u0259tta birba\u015fa \u0259lalt\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 agenti olanlar\u0131n M\u0259clis\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 \u00e7oxluq t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259l\u0259ri planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259ki feodallara xeyli v\u0259sait x\u0259rcl\u0259ndi. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 Milli C\u0259bh\u0259nin m\u00f6vqel\u0259ri g\u00fccl\u00fc idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin o zaman \u0130randa se\u00e7kil\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 eyni g\u00fcnd\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmirdi. \u0130ngilisl\u0259rin plan\u0131ndan duyuq d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq yaln\u0131z b\u0259zi yerl\u0259rd\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259r ke\u00e7irdi. On yeddinci \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f M\u0259clisin 136 \u00fczv\u00fcnd\u0259n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7oxu, 79-u se\u00e7il\u0259n kimi dig\u0259r yerl\u0259rd\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259r t\u0259xir\u0259 sal\u0131nd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq\"
\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Tehrandan se\u00e7il\u0259n 12 deputat\u0131n, T\u0259brizd\u0259n se\u00e7il\u0259n 9 deputat\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 Milli C\u0259bh\u0259ni t\u0259msil edirdil\u0259r. \u00dcmum\u0259n parlament\u0259 30 Milli C\u0259bh\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc se\u00e7ildi. Bu \u00e7oxluq deyildi, lakin k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259zyiqi il\u0259 M\u0259clisi v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259 saxlamaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Zat\u0259n bundan \u0259vv\u0259lki M\u0259clisd\u0259 d\u0259 Milli C\u0259bh\u0259 \u00e7oxluqda deyildi, \u0259ksin\u0259 c\u0259mi 8 mandata malik idi. Bununla bel\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259tin dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rinin neftin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdar olmas\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bilmi\u015fdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin se\u00e7kini yar\u0131da saxlamas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 demokratik add\u0131m kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tindir. Lakin M\u0259clisin ingilisl\u0259rin pulu il\u0259 formala\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 da demokratiya t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259si saymaq olmazd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Parlament t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00f6z hakimiyy\u0259tini az-\u00e7ox s\u0131\u011fortalayan M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t alt\u0131na alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131. O, h\u00f6kum\u0259tin yeni t\u0259rkibinin layih\u0259sini haz\u0131rlay\u0131b \u015faha t\u0259qdim edir. Bu layih\u0259d\u0259 o, Ba\u015f nazirlikl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri postunu da \u00f6z\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu is\u0259 \u015fah\u0131n etiraz\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. M\u00f6vcud \u0259n\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u00fcdafi\u0259 nazirini generallar aras\u0131ndan \u015fah \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n t\u0259yin edirdi. \u0130ndi Ba\u015f nazirin onun s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259sini M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Rza \u015fah P\u0259hl\u0259vi q\u0259bul etmir. Bel\u0259 olan halda iyulun 16-da M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq istefa verdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sevm\u0259diyi v\u0259 onu formal fiqura \u00e7evir\u0259n Ba\u015f nazird\u0259n qurtuldu\u011funu g\u00fcman ed\u0259n \u015fah k\u00f6hn\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rd\u0259n olan \u018fhm\u0259d Q\u0259vvam\u0131 sevinc\u0259k Ba\u015f nazir t\u0259yin etdi. Buna cavab olaraq \u00f6lk\u0259nin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini etirazlar b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. \u018fsas hadis\u0259l\u0259rin c\u0259r\u0259yan etdiyi Tehranda Milli C\u0259bh\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 etirazlarda kommunisty\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc Tud\u0259 Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak etdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Etiraz\u00e7\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 zor t\u0259tbiqi v\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lan at\u0259\u015f n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 20 n\u0259f\u0259rin \u00f6ld\u00fcy\u00fc, 200-d\u0259n art\u0131q adam\u0131n is\u0259 yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcman edilir. Lakin repressiyalar etirazlar\u0131 s\u0259ngitm\u0259di. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 iyulun 21-d\u0259 Q\u0259vvam istefa verdi v\u0259 \u015fah yenid\u0259n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqi, h\u0259m d\u0259 onun ist\u0259diyi \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r daxilind\u0259 Ba\u015f nazir t\u0259yin etm\u0259li oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcst\u0259lik M\u0259clisin \u015fahp\u0259r\u0259st spikeri, Tehran\u0131n imam-c\u00fcm\u0259si H\u0259s\u0259n Emami istefa verdi, onun yerin\u0259 ay\u0259tulla Ka\u015fani se\u00e7ildi. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq \u00f6z populyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zirv\u0259 n\u00f6qt\u0259sini ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. O, bundan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k M\u0259clisd\u0259n 6 ay m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259r ald\u0131. Bu s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Ba\u015f nazir parlamentin t\u0259sdiqi olmadan da qanunlar q\u0259bul ed\u0259 bil\u0259rdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259ki \u00fcmumi v\u0259ziyy\u0259t is\u0259 getdikc\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Millil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n birind\u0259 “neft g\u0259lirl\u0259ri il\u0259 biz b\u00fcdc\u0259mizi doldura, insanlar\u0131m\u0131z aras\u0131ndak\u0131 yoxsulluq, x\u0259st\u0259lik, savads\u0131zl\u0131qla m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apara bil\u0259rik”, – deyirdi. \u00dcst\u00fcnd\u0259n 1 il ke\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaq \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 daha da pisl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ran\u0131n Britaniya banklar\u0131ndak\u0131 hesablar\u0131 dondurulumu\u015fdu. Neft s\u0259nayesi \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. 1952-ci ild\u0259 c\u0259mi 1,3 milyon ton, 1953-c\u00fc ild\u0259 1,2 milyon neft \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lacaqd\u0131. Bu da \u0259sas\u0259n daxili istehlaka y\u00f6n\u0259lirdi. Onminl\u0259rl\u0259 insan i\u015fsiz idi. Onlar neftin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini v\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqi d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259 davam edirdil\u0259r, bununla bel\u0259 Ba\u015f nazird\u0259n problemin h\u0259llini umurdular.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ran\u0131n ba\u015fqa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n neft m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rini d\u0259v\u0259t etm\u0259k c\u0259hdi u\u011fursuz oldu. B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n t\u0259zyiqi il\u0259 kims\u0259 buna raz\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131. \u00dcst\u0259lik, neft \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131b emal edils\u0259ydi bel\u0259, ingilisl\u0259rin d\u0259niz blokadas\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n sat\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259l\u0259 yaz aylar\u0131nda ay\u0259tulla Ka\u015fani v\u0259 xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri Kaz\u0131m Ba\u011feri il\u0259 sovet s\u0259firi \u0130van Sad\u00e7ikov aras\u0131nda \u0130ran neftinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar apar\u0131ld\u0131. Lakin Moskva bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 \u0130rana k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259kd\u0259 aciz idi. \u00c7\u00fcnki Abadandan neft da\u015f\u0131maq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tankerl\u0259r\u0259 malik deyildi. \u0130ran\u0131n c\u0259nubundan sovet s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r boru \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k is\u0259 xeyli vaxt v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Yenid\u0259n hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 qay\u0131dan M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq “Neftsiz iqtisadiyyat” \u015f\u00fcar\u0131n\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr. O, b\u00fcdc\u0259ni doldurmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir s\u0131ra iqtisadi islahat apar\u0131r. El\u0259c\u0259 sosial islahatlar h\u00f6kum\u0259tin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tind\u0259 \u00f6n\u0259mli yer tutur. Lakin bu islahatlar Milli C\u0259bh\u0259 daxilind\u0259 par\u00e7alanma yarad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin sars\u0131lmaz sekulyarizmi, iri torpaq sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n vergil\u0259rini art\u0131rmas\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259hsil sah\u0259sind\u0259ki islahatlar\u0131 ruhanil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131r. Ay\u0259tullah Ka\u015fani noyabr ay\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n Ba\u015f nazirin \u00fcnvan\u0131na t\u0259nqidl\u0259r s\u0259sl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Milli C\u0259bh\u0259 vahid ideologiyaya malik t\u0259\u015fkilat deyildi. Burada neftin millil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si ideyas\u0131 alt\u0131nda sa\u011f\u00e7\u0131lar v\u0259 sol\u00e7ular, sekulyaristl\u0259r v\u0259 dindarlar birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdi. Millil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259d\u0259n sonrak\u0131 add\u0131mlarla ba\u011fl\u0131 is\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131 yaran\u0131r v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcrd\u00fc.\n<\/p>\n

\n Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin add\u0131mlar\u0131ndan Milli C\u0259bh\u0259nin \u0259ks qanadlar\u0131nda naraz\u0131l\u0131q yarad\u0131r. Ay\u0259tulla Ka\u015faninin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi m\u00fchafiz\u0259kar qanadla yana\u015f\u0131 M\u00fcz\u0259ff\u0259r Baxayinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi, sosia-demokrat y\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc \u0130ran z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015fl\u0259r partiyas\u0131 da Milli C\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqd\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 Tud\u0259 Partiyas\u0131 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqi daha g\u00fccl\u00fc d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yir.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ki ke\u00e7mi\u015f m\u00fctt\u0259fiqin daha a\u00e7\u0131q toqqu\u015fmas\u0131 is\u0259 1953-c\u00fc ilin yanvar ay\u0131nda ba\u015f verir. F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin vaxt\u0131n\u0131n bitm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq yenid\u0259n parlament\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir, bu d\u0259f\u0259 bir illik m\u00fcdd\u0259t\u0259 eyni s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259r ist\u0259yir. \u0130ndi Ka\u015fani ona qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r, diktatorluqda ittiham edir, h\u0259tta Hitlerin reyxstaqdan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259l\u0259r apar\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 bu d\u0259f\u0259 d\u0259 “k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259” yeti\u015fdi. Minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan parlamentin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 topla\u015faraq “Ya M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq, ya \u00f6l\u00fcm!”, “M\u00fcnafiql\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm” \u015f\u00fcarlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259sl\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. M\u0259clisd\u0259ki s\u0259sverm\u0259d\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n 67 deputatdan 59-u Ba\u015f nazirin f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin daha bir il uzad\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259s verdi. Bundan sonra ay\u0259tulla Ka\u015fani v\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq a\u00e7\u0131q d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n oldular.
\n
\n Ay\u0259tulla yanvar m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259tind\u0259n bir ay sonra revan\u015f g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Rza \u015fah art\u0131q iki il evli oldu\u011fu, lakin u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmayan arvad\u0131 Soreyyan\u0131n m\u00fcayin\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Avropaya s\u0259f\u0259r etm\u0259yi planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Ka\u015fani v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 dezinformasiya yayaraq (guya Ba\u015f nazir \u015fah\u0131 qovur) bundan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259ldil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u0259hali aras\u0131nda monarxizm kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fc idi v\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259t \u0130ran\u0131 \u015fahs\u0131z t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etmirdi. Sui-q\u0259sd\u00e7il\u0259r (burada Ka\u015fanid\u0259n ba\u015fqa daha bir din xadimi, M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259leyhdar\u0131 ay\u0259tulla B\u0259hb\u0259hani \u00f6n\u0259mli rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131) bu hissl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k fikrind\u0259 idil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00d6yr\u0259dilmi\u015f insanlar\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259 fevral\u0131n 28-d\u0259 \u015fah saray\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 topla\u015fd\u0131. Onlar \u015fahdan he\u00e7 yer\u0259 getm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yi bar\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259d alandan sonra M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin evin\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259f h\u00fccum etdil\u0259r. Lakin Tehran\u0131n polis q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri bu y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131lar v\u0259 iki ay\u0259tullan\u0131n plan\u0131 iflasa u\u011frad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq \u0259leyhdarlar\u0131 fevral m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259tind\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u0259rsl\u0259r ald\u0131lar. Onlar Ba\u015f nazir\u0259 birba\u015fa h\u00fccum etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 m\u00f6vqel\u0259rini z\u0259ifl\u0259tm\u0259yin vacibliyini anlad\u0131lar. M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqin t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 v\u0259 Tehran polisinin r\u0259isi, fevral hadis\u0259l\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00f6n\u0259mli rol oynayan Mahmud Af\u015fartusun q\u0259tli bel\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259n biri idi. Lakin bu haqda daha \u0259trafl\u0131 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti m\u0259qal\u0259mizd\u0259 dan\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131q.\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n t\u0259tbiq etdiyi blokadan\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc t\u0259siri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmas\u0131 v\u0259 naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259leyhdarlar\u0131n\u0131n intriqalar\u0131 fonunda M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq hakimiyy\u0259tini m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn add\u0131mlar at\u0131r. O, ay\u0259tulla Ka\u015faninin yerin\u0259 yax\u0131n silahda\u015f\u0131 Abdulla Moazzaminin M\u0259clisin s\u0259dri se\u00e7ilm\u0259sin\u0259 nail olur.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bundan sonra is\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 parlamentin burax\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini ver\u0259n referendum ke\u00e7irir. 3-10 avqust tarixl\u0259rind\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n v\u0259 demokratikliyi ciddi suallar do\u011furan referendumda s\u0259sver\u0259nl\u0259rin guya 99,9%-i (2 milyondan \u00e7ox) Ba\u015f nazir\u0259 bel\u0259 bir s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin verilm\u0259sinin lehin\u0259, 0,06% (1207 n\u0259f\u0259r) is\u0259 \u0259leyhin\u0259 s\u0259s verir. Lakin referendumun bitm\u0259sind\u0259n c\u0259mi 9 g\u00fcn sonra M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq devrildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d M\u00fcs\u0259ddiq ingilisl\u0259rin n\u0259yin bahas\u0131na olursa olsun onu devirm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259sind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdar oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 1952-ci ilin oktyabr\u0131nda B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya il\u0259 diplomatik \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri k\u0259sdi, s\u0259firliyin v\u0259 dig\u0259r strukturlar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu add\u0131m ingilisl\u0259rin \u00e7evrili\u015f planlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259l\u0259rini xeyli \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdirdi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn AB\u015e-a m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdil\u0259r. M\u0259rk\u0259zi K\u0259\u015ffiyyat \u0130dar\u0259sinin M\u00fcs\u0259ddiqi devirm\u0259si plan\u0131 “Ayaks” \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 adlan\u0131rd\u0131. Xaricd\u0259 haz\u0131rlanan v\u0259 daxili m\u00fcxalif\u0259tin k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259 ba\u015f tutan bu \u00e7evrili\u015f bar\u0259d\u0259 “\u0130ran neftinin \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7alar\u0131: Ayaks” adl\u0131 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti m\u0259qal\u0259mizd\u0259 oxuya bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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