{"id":192936,"date":"2018-12-09T17:17:40","date_gmt":"2018-12-09T17:17:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/qudurmus-kralica\/"},"modified":"2018-12-09T17:17:40","modified_gmt":"2018-12-09T17:17:40","slug":"qudurmus-kralica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/qudurmus-kralica\/","title":{"rendered":"Qudurmu\u015f krali\u00e7a"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"Ranavalona
\n Ranavalona I
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Diriyk\u0259n \u00f6l\u00fcm sa\u00e7an Madaqaskar Kaliqulas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyl\u0259 d\u0259 insanlara \u00f6l\u00fcm g\u0259tirib<\/p>\n

\u201cZ\u0259if v\u0259 savads\u0131z qad\u0131nd\u0131r, bel\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck imperiyan\u0131 nec\u0259 idar\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r dem\u0259yi a\u011fl\u0131n\u0131za bel\u0259 g\u0259tirm\u0259yin. M\u0259n allahlara yalvarmayacam, m\u0259nim allahlar\u0131m – m\u0259nim x\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259rimdir. M\u0259nim krall\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n s\u0259rh\u0259ddi okean ba\u015flayan yerd\u0259 bit\u0131r, onun bir qar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 getm\u0259r\u0259m!\u201d<\/p>\n

Madaqaskar krali\u00e7as\u0131 Ranavalona bunlar\u0131 12 iyun 1829-cu ild\u0259ki tacqoyma m\u0259rasimind\u0259 deyib. Tarixd\u0259 \u0259n s\u0259rt diktatorlardan biri kimi tan\u0131nan, q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201cqudurmu\u015f krali\u00e7a\u201d, \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259n sonra \u201c\u0259t\u0259kli Kaliqula\u201d l\u0259q\u0259bl\u0259rini qazanm\u0131\u015f bu qad\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tutub \u2013 onun hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t Madaqaskar\u0131 m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evir\u0259 bilm\u0259yib.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ranavalonan\u0131n t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0259n xristian missionerl\u0259r, s\u0259yah\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r v\u0259 tacirl\u0259r \u2013 onun \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n qovdu\u011fu \u0259cn\u0259bil\u0259r (y\u0259ni ondan naraz\u0131 olan insanlar) olub. Amma onlar\u0131n r\u0259yl\u0259rind\u0259 subyektivlik izl\u0259ri axtarma\u011fa d\u0259ym\u0259z. 33 illik hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259rzind\u0259 y\u00fczminl\u0259rl\u0259 insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 f\u0259rman verm\u0259si fakt\u0131 krali\u00e7a Ranavanolan\u0131n \u00f6z l\u0259q\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 layiq biri oldu\u011funa inanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ciddi \u0259sasd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

****\n<\/p>\n

\n \u015eahzad\u0259 Ramavo 1788-ci ild\u0259, Madaqaskar\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 Antananarivudan 25 km aral\u0131da yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Ambatomanoind\u0259ki kral iqam\u0259tgah\u0131nda – \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259r Andriantsalamanyak v\u0259 Rabolonandriantomponun ail\u0259sind\u0259 anadan olub. Ramavo h\u0259l\u0259 balacayk\u0259n kral Andrianampoynimerinuya (1787-1810) qar\u015f\u0131 sui-q\u0259sd plan\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r tutan atas\u0131 bu haqda ona x\u0259b\u0259r vermi\u015f, kral da \u0259z\u0259zind\u0259 Ramavonu o\u011flu v\u0259 v\u0259li\u0259hdi Radamaya ni\u015fanlay\u0131b b\u0259yan etmi\u015fdi ki, sonrak\u0131 v\u0259li\u0259hd bu c\u00fctl\u00fcy\u00fcn \u00f6vladlar\u0131ndan biri olacaq. Amma bu nikah Ramavoya he\u00e7 d\u0259 x\u00f6\u015fb\u0259xtlik g\u0259tirm\u0259mi\u015f, Radaman\u0131n 12 arvad\u0131ndan \u0259n az sevil\u0259ni o olmu\u015fdu. H\u0259tta he\u00e7 sevilm\u0259y\u0259ni d\u0259 dem\u0259k olar, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u015fahzad\u0259nin ondan u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yox idi. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Radamadan sonrak\u0131 v\u0259li\u0259hd m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sinin kral ail\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi probleml\u0259r do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 o zaman t\u0259xmin etm\u0259k olard\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Hakimiyy\u0259tinin 18-ci ilind\u0259 Radama v\u0259fat edir – b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 sifilis v\u0259 ya qaraciy\u0259r sirrozundan, b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259 z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259n. \u0130kincil\u0259rin iddias\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, kims\u0259 kral\u0131n \u00e7ay\u0131na sianist-kalium damc\u0131latm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 o \u00e7ay\u0131 i\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Radaman\u0131n b\u0259d\u0259nind\u0259 el\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259tli a\u011fr\u0131lar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, tez \u00f6ls\u00fcn dey\u0259 o, bo\u011faz\u0131ndak\u0131 damarlar\u0131 k\u0259smi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Radaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra taxt\u0131n qanuni varisi onun bac\u0131s\u0131 o\u011flu \u015fahzad\u0259 Rakotobe say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Amma yerli ad\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Ramavonun h\u0259tta \u0259rinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra do\u011faca\u011f\u0131 u\u015faq da eks-kral Radaman\u0131n \u00f6vlad\u0131 v\u0259 dem\u0259li, h\u0259m d\u0259 taxt\u0131n varisi hesab edilirdi. Bu is\u0259 o dem\u0259kdi ki, Rakabote hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n kimi ke\u00e7mi\u015f birinci ledini yox etm\u0259k fikrin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. Ramavo bu t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259ni \u00f6nl\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 (ya da daha \u0259vv\u0259l qurdu\u011fu plan \u00fczr\u0259) d\u0259rhal h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 ke\u00e7di. \u018frinin Q\u0259rb y\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc siyas\u0259tind\u0259n (xristian missionerl\u0259r\u0259 loyal m\u00fcnasib\u0259tind\u0259n, onlara krall\u0131qda m\u0259kt\u0259b a\u00e7maq icaz\u0259si verm\u0259sind\u0259n, iki o\u011flunu t\u0259hsil almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259sind\u0259n) naraz\u0131 olan din xadiml\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259karlarla birl\u0259\u015fib \u00f6z k\u0259nd\u00e7il\u0259ri olan h\u0259rbi\u00e7il\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259 kral saray\u0131n\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdi, bir vaxtlar \u0259rinin etdiyi kimi, tacqoyma m\u0259rasimin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn potensial r\u0259qibl\u0259rini m\u0259hv etdi. Rakabote, onun anas\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r s\u00fclal\u0259 m\u0259nsublar\u0131 ya bo\u011fularaq, ya da ac saxlanaraq \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcl\u0259r (Kral ail\u0259sin\u0259 aid \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259ri qan t\u00f6k\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k qada\u011fan idi).\n<\/p>\n

\n ****\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcz\u00fcn\u0259 yenic\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f \u00f6k\u00fcz\u00fcn qan\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259r\u0259k krali\u00e7a elan edil\u0259n Ramavo (Ranavalano \u2013 \u201ck\u0259narla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u201d) h\u0259min m\u0259rasim\u0259 Fransa monarxlar\u0131n\u0131n geydiyi libasda g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. H\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r o, frans\u0131z qad\u0131nlar kimi geyin\u0259c\u0259kdi. \u0130lk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 Q\u0259rbl\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q siyas\u0259tini davam etdirm\u0259k x\u0259ttini se\u00e7\u0259n, sonradan h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259ki konservativ qanad\u0131n t\u0259siri alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb Q\u0259rb m\u00fcdaxil\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan Ranavalonan\u0131n Avropaya m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti ikiliydi \u2013 frans\u0131zlar\u0131n h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi onu valeh edirdi, o \u00f6z saray \u0259yanlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid Fransa libaslar\u0131 geyinm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edirdi, Fransadan g\u0259tizdirdiyi piano da onun vazke\u00e7ilm\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259niydi, ovqat\u0131n\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131 vaxt\u0131nda yan\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r xaric, he\u00e7 kim ona toxuna bilm\u0259zdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ranavanolan\u0131n taxta \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 merinl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lahidd\u0259 hadis\u0259 deyildi, merin m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tind\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc ana x\u0259tti elementi vard\u0131. Qad\u0131n h\u00f6kmdar olay\u0131 daha \u0259vv\u0259l Vazimba krall\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015f vermi\u015f olsa da, Merina krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n (1540-1897) ilk krali\u00e7as\u0131 m\u0259hz Ranavalona idi.<\/p>\n

Ha\u015fiy\u0259: Arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 Madaqaskarda 10 min il \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259 aid qida qal\u0131qlar\u0131 a\u015fkar edilib. B.e.\u0259. 4-c\u00fc v\u0259 b.e. 6-c\u0131 \u0259srl\u0259ri aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bu b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 ilk olaraq Malay arxipelaq\u0131n\u0131n Borneo (Kalimantan) adas\u0131n\u0131n sakinl\u0259ri g\u0259libl\u0259r. Birinci minillikd\u0259 bura \u015e\u0259rqi Afrikdan bantular miqrasiya edib. Sonrak\u0131 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 davam ed\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7 prosesi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 adada 18-d\u0259n \u00e7ox etnik qrup formala\u015f\u0131b, Ranavalonan\u0131n aid oldu\u011fu merinl\u0259r bu qruplar\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259l\u0259 ilk \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259n etibar\u0259n Madaqaskar Hind okean\u0131ndak\u0131 limanlar\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n vacib ticar\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zi olub, yaz\u0131 tarixi 10-cu \u0259srd\u0259n etibar\u0259n adan\u0131n \u015fimal-q\u0259rb sahilind\u0259 ticar\u0259t limanlar\u0131 tik\u0259n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131b, Avropayla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r 1500-c\u00fc ild\u0259 yaran\u0131b, 17-ci \u0259srin ax\u0131rlar\u0131nda adan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq sahilind\u0259 frans\u0131zlar ticar\u0259t limanlar\u0131 tikibl\u0259r, 18-ci \u0259srin sonuna kimi Madaqaskarda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sosial-siyasi ittifaqlara \u0259saslanan bir ne\u00e7\u0259 krall\u0131q m\u00f6vcud olub. Ramadan\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 -19-cu \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 merinl\u0259r adan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259sin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irib Madaqaskar krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarad\u0131blar. 1897-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam ed\u0259n monarxiya Fransa imperiyas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n devrilib, \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 bir d\u0259 1960-c\u0131 ild\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik verilib. 1992-ci ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n Madaqaskarda r\u0259sm\u0259n konstitusiyal\u0131 demokratiya idar\u0259\u015filiyi elan edilib. Yar\u0131-prezident \u00fcsul-idar\u0259si, iki palatal\u0131 parlamenti var.\n<\/p>\n

\n 2009-cu ild\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f \u00fcsyan h\u0259rbi \u00e7evrili\u015fl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nib, konstitusiyal\u0131 idar\u0259etm\u0259 4 il sonra b\u0259rpa edilib, 2013-c\u00fc ild\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f prezident se\u00e7kil\u0259ri beyn\u0259lxalq birlik t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u015f\u0259ffaf v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tli se\u00e7ki qimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilib. Madaqaskar BMT-nin, Afrika \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n, C\u0259nubi Afrika \u0130nki\u015faf Birliyinin v\u0259 Beyn\u0259lxalq Frankfoniya T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n (frans\u0131z dilli \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131) \u00fczv\u00fcd\u00fcr. D\u00f6vl\u0259t dili malaqas v\u0259 frans\u0131z dill\u0259ridir. \u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi dinl\u0259r (b\u00fctp\u0259r\u0259stlik), xristianl\u0131q, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q dinl\u0259r m\u00f6vcuddur. Az inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131ndad\u0131r, \u00dcDM-i 40 mld dollar, adamba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n g\u0259liri 1563 dollard\u0131r (2017), \u00fcmumi say\u0131 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 25 milyon n\u0259f\u0259r olan \u0259halisinin b\u00f6y\u00fck qismi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259li h\u0259yat \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd taxtda oldu\u011fu 33 il \u0259rzind\u0259 o, q\u0259ddarl\u0131qda ki\u015fil\u0259rd\u0259n geri qalmam\u0131\u015f, i\u015f\u011fal etdiyi \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259ki naraz\u0131l\u0131qlara v\u0259 ingilisl\u0259rl\u0259 frans\u0131zlar\u0131n adada dominant olmaq c\u0259hdl\u0259rin\u0259 sava\u015flarla cavab vermi\u015fdi (Madaqaskar \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ki\u00e7ik adan\u0131 tutmu\u015f frans\u0131zlar bu b\u00f6y\u00fck adaya da n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259k ist\u0259yir, Hindistana t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz ke\u00e7id \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ingilisl\u0259rs\u0259 onlara mane olurdular).\n<\/p>\n

\n Xaricd\u0259n yeni bilikl\u0259r v\u0259 texnologiya idxal etm\u0259kl\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259sind\u0259 inki\u015faf etmi\u015f s\u0259naye bazal\u0131 iqtisadiyyat formala\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, \u0259cn\u0259bil\u0259rl\u0259 yax\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsi m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r qurub onlar\u0131n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259n yararlanan krali\u00e7a bu dostlar\u0131n\u0131n Madaqaskardak\u0131 m\u00f6vcud siyas\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t sisteml\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sirini \u0259ng\u0259ll\u0259yir, onlar\u0131n adadak\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 maksimum m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcst\u0259qil siyas\u0259t y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u0259k, krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n Fransa v\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyadan as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Ranavalona \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259yetm\u0259 siyas\u0259ti y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 Britaniya-Merina m\u00fcqavil\u0259sini pozub Merinan\u0131n v\u0259 adadak\u0131 dig\u0259r krall\u0131qlar\u0131n \u2013 Betsimisaraki, Sakalava v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259rinin \u0259sas g\u0259lir m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rini qapadan bir s\u0131ra \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259rd\u0259n, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n beyn\u0259lxalq qul ticar\u0259tind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259m\u0259 \u00f6hd\u0259liyind\u0259n imtina etmi\u015fdi. Buna cavab olaraq Britaniya Merinan\u0131 silah t\u0259minat\u0131ndan m\u0259hrum etmi\u015f, krali\u00e7an\u0131n yerli v\u0259 xarici t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 xeyli z\u0259ifl\u0259tmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Frans\u0131zlar liman \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u0130vondroya m\u0259hz o d\u00f6n\u0259md\u0259 (1829) h\u00fccum etmi\u015f, amma krali\u00e7an\u0131n \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri v\u0259 a\u011fcaqanadlar onlar\u0131 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011fratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar \u2013 Ranavanolayla uzun dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar zaman\u0131 Fransan\u0131n \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri malyariyaya yoluxmu\u015f v\u0259 getdikc\u0259 \u00e7oxalan \u00f6l\u00fcm hallar\u0131 frans\u0131zlar\u0131 geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur etmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n 7 il sonra ingilisl\u0259r v\u0259 frans\u0131zlar birl\u0259\u015fib Tamataya \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccum etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Sahild\u0259ki qalan\u0131n yalan\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011funu, onun arxas\u0131nda d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f qur\u011fusu gizl\u0259dildiyini d\u0259rhal anlamayan avropal\u0131lar qalan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndak\u0131 Madaqaskar bayra\u011f\u0131 u\u011frunda bir-biril\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaqdayk\u0259n Ranavanolan\u0131n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri \u0259ks-h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7ib onlar\u0131 geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. B\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, h\u0259min g\u00fcn krali\u00e7a \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259rin ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259sib payalara ke\u00e7irm\u0259yi, sonra da payalar\u0131 sahil boyu quma basd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 \u0259mr edibmi\u015f. Bu m\u0259lumat do\u011frudursa, avropal\u0131lar\u0131n oralara niy\u0259 bir d\u0259 ancaq Ranavanola \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259n sonra ayaq basd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k olar.\n<\/p>\n

\n ****\n<\/p>\n

\n 1932-ci ild\u0259 Madaqaskar sahill\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f bir g\u0259mi q\u0259zas\u0131 Merina krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n taleyind\u0259 ciddi rol oynay\u0131r. H\u0259min g\u0259mid\u0259 olan Cin Labord adl\u0131 Fransa v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131 q\u0259zadan sonra paytaxt Antananarivuya g\u0259lib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Onunla krali\u00e7a aras\u0131nda romantik m\u00fcnasib\u0259t yaran\u0131r, amma Ranavalonaya v\u0259 Madaqaskara Labord daha \u00e7ox praktik bilikl\u0259riyl\u0259 fayda verir. Metallurgiya, d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f sursat\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f texnikas\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 xeyli m\u0259lumatl\u0131 olan frans\u0131z\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda paytaxta yax\u0131n bir \u0259razid\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 Mantaso adl\u0131 s\u0259naye \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri sal\u0131n\u0131r. Orada silah, bar\u0131t yox, sabun, ip\u0259k, keramika, farfor v\u0259 Merina \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacib olan dig\u0259r m\u0259hsullar istehsal edilir. Krali\u00e7a \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b kompozisiyal\u0131 yeni saray\u0131n tikilm\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259 Labord r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edir (1995-ci ild\u0259 yan\u011f\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259hv olub).\n<\/p>\n

\n Bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra silah t\u0259minat\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 Madaqaskar\u0131n Avropa d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 aradan qalx\u0131r. \u00dcst\u0259lik, o ill\u0259rd\u0259 Fransada ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r (1830-cu il inqilab\u0131 v\u0259 ondan sonrak\u0131 prosesl\u0259r) frans\u0131zlar\u0131n bu \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259k planlar\u0131n\u0131 pozur v\u0259 yerli \u0259hali b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 allahlar\u0131n krali\u00e7aya d\u0259st\u0259yi kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirir.\n<\/p>\n

\n O vaxta q\u0259d\u0259r Ranavalona Madaqaskardak\u0131 Britaniya missionerl\u0259rin\u0259 toxunmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130lk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 onlarla a\u00e7\u0131q konfrantasiyaya girm\u0259kd\u0259n ehtiyat etmi\u015fdi \u2013 h\u0259m Avropa d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259riyl\u0259 toqqu\u015fma\u011fa haz\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, h\u0259m d\u0259 onlardan iqtisadi as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 (bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin Madaqaskardak\u0131 manufakturalar\u0131ndan g\u0259l\u0259n g\u0259lir\u0259 ehtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn). Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin az qala yar\u0131s\u0131 xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdi v\u0259 bu say artmaqda davam edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1818-ci ild\u0259n f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n London Missioner C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin \u00fczvl\u0259ri d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b savads\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n miqyas\u0131n\u0131 azald\u0131r, Avropan\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tini v\u0259 texniki bilikl\u0259rini t\u0259dris edirdil\u0259r. Onlar bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il \u0259rzind\u0259 adan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck qismini ibtiadi t\u0259hsil sistemil\u0259 t\u0259min etmi\u015fdil\u0259r, malaqas dilinin fonetik qurulu\u015funa uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259n \u0259r\u0259b qrafikas\u0131n\u0131 lat\u0131n qrafikas\u0131yla \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r, dini \u0259d\u0259biyyatdan ba\u015fqa, \u0259lifba kitablar\u0131, d\u0259rslikl\u0259r, l\u00fc\u011f\u0259tl\u0259r, na\u011f\u0131l v\u0259 ata s\u00f6zl\u0259ri k\u00fclliyyatlar\u0131 d\u0259rc etmi\u015fdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Art\u0131q h\u0259m daxili, h\u0259m d\u0259 xarici d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcc n\u00fcmyi\u015f etdirm\u0259k iqtidar\u0131nda olan Ranavalona missionerl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259zyiq etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0259drisi azald\u0131l\u0131r, sonra tam qada\u011fan edilir, missionerl\u0259r gizli f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qal\u0131rlar, bir \u00e7oxu \u00f6lk\u0259ni t\u0259rk etm\u0259li olur. 1836-c\u0131 ild\u0259 xristianl\u0131qdan imtina etm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n 15 n\u0259f\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 qurulur v\u0259 onlar haqq\u0131nda as\u0131lmaqla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1840, 1849 v\u0259 1857-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 xristianlara k\u00fctl\u0259vi basq\u0131lar t\u0259\u015fkil edilir. T\u0259kc\u0259 1849-da 18-i \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259kl\u0259 1900 n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif c\u0259zalar verilir. B\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bu c\u0259zalar aras\u0131nda i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259 verm\u0259, h\u00fcnd\u00fcr qayal\u0131qdan d\u0259niz\u0259 atma, ocaq \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259ki qaynar qazana atma, diri-diri yand\u0131rma kimi d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli \u00fcsullar varm\u0131\u015f.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ha\u015fiy\u0259: \u201cXristianl\u0131q Ramavodan \u0259vv\u0259lki monarxlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015f \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n imtina dem\u0259k idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Krali\u00e7an\u0131n legitimliyi is\u0259 onun \u00f6z x\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131. O, mistik m\u0259nada b\u00fct\u00fcn Merinan\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu krallar n\u0259slin\u0259 m\u0259nsubuydu. Ramavonun mistik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc inkar etm\u0259k t\u0259kc\u0259 onun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yox, onun x\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259rini, onlar\u0131n xeyir-dualar\u0131n\u0131 r\u0259dd etm\u0259k dem\u0259k idi. O, m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s inam\u0131n qoruyucusuydu. Xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da buna g\u00f6r\u0259 x\u0259yan\u0259t hesab edirdi, \u00f6z x\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259rin\u0259 olan say\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011flar\u0131n x\u0259l\u0259fin\u0259 olan say\u011f\u0131yla \u0259v\u0259z etdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259. Ramavona yeni dini siyasi akt olaraq g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, haql\u0131yd\u0131\u201d.
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\n Moris Blox, \u201cXeyir-duadan zorak\u0131l\u0131\u011fa\u201d (1986)<\/p>\n

\u018fslind\u0259, Ranavalona xristian olmayanlara qar\u015f\u0131 da amans\u0131z olub. Onun ba\u015flatd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 60 min\u0259 yax\u0131n insan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb, m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sa\u011f \u00e7\u0131xanlar\u0131n xeyli hiss\u0259si acl\u0131qdan \u00f6l\u00fcb. Bundan ba\u015fqa, krali\u00e7an\u0131n \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri i\u015f\u011fal olunmu\u015f \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259r il yenid\u0259n basq\u0131n etm\u0259k, insanlar\u0131 talamaq v\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k h\u00fcququna da sahib olublar.
\n
\n Amma sava\u015flar Merina krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 d\u0259 baha ba\u015fa g\u0259lib: 1820-1850-ci ill\u0259r aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 160 min d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc h\u0259lak olub, i\u015f\u011fal zonalar\u0131nda dislokasiya edil\u0259n h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259r il malyariyadan 25-50%-lik itki veribl\u0259r. N\u0259qd v\u0259 ya \u0259mt\u0259\u0259 \u015f\u0259killi vergi \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rini m\u0259cburi \u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 (q\u0259dim fanompoan \u00fcsulu) \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259nm\u0259si say\u0259sind\u0259 onminl\u0259rl\u0259 insan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck tikintil\u0259r\u0259 c\u0259lb edilm\u0259si qeyri-m\u00fcharib\u0259 \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 d\u0259 ciddi itkil\u0259r\u0259 yol a\u00e7\u0131b. H\u0259m bu praktika zaman\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u0259rt c\u0259za v\u0259 amputasiya i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7ox sayda insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 itirib, 1933-1939-cu ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Madaqaskar \u0259halisinin say\u0131 5 milyondan 2,5 milyona, Merina \u0259halisinin say\u0131 is\u0259 750 mind\u0259n 130 min\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ranavalonan\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n tangena (z\u0259h\u0259rli qoz a\u011fac\u0131) c\u0259zas\u0131 x\u00fcsusi amans\u0131z\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla se\u00e7ilib. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 16-c\u0131 \u0259srd\u0259 \u201cicad\u201d olunmu\u015f, 3 \u0259sr sonra d\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 c\u0259za n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f bu \u00fcsuldan insalar\u0131n g\u00fcnahkar olub-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edilib. Z\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 bula\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 3 par\u00e7a toyuq d\u0259risini udan \u015f\u0259xs tez bir zamanda onlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259 qusa bilirmi\u015fs\u0259 v\u0259 sonra \u00f6lm\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fs\u0259, t\u0259miz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f hesab olunurmu\u015f. Sa\u011f qalanlar\u0131n g\u00fcnahs\u0131z olmas\u0131 inanc\u0131 o q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fcym\u00fc\u015f ki, insanlar \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n qurtulmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, b\u0259z\u0259n h\u0259tta h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259 bu s\u0131naqdan ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131l\u0131q verirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Tangena s\u0131na\u011f\u0131 krali\u00e7aya qar\u015f\u0131 loyall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furan h\u0259r k\u0259s\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edilir v\u0259 h\u0259r il \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin 2 faizinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olurdu (Ranavanolan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n iki il sonra r\u0259sm\u0259n qada\u011fan edils\u0259 d\u0259, v\u0259ziyy\u0259t tezlikl\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259mi\u015f, h\u0259l\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 onillik d\u0259 madaqaskarl\u0131lar z\u0259h\u0259rin \u201cv\u0259fas\u0131na\u201d inanmaqda davam etmi\u015fdil\u0259r). Deyil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Ranavalona \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk ba\u015f naziri (Ramadadan sonra ilk \u0259ri v\u0259 o\u011flunun atas\u0131) Andriamihacan\u0131 da tangena s\u0131na\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k ist\u0259mi\u015fdi – onun ba\u015fqa bir qad\u0131nla e\u015fq ya\u015famas\u0131 x\u0259b\u0259ri krali\u00e7an\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131\u015f, x\u0259yan\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259rin\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm h\u00f6km\u00fc k\u0259smi\u015fdi. Amma ba\u015f nazir z\u0259h\u0259rli s\u0131naqdan imtina etmi\u015f, niz\u0259yl\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259yi se\u00e7mi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n ****<\/p>\n

\u0130ll\u0259r ke\u00e7dikc\u0259, Ranavalonan\u0131n \u00f6z ilahi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 inam\u0131 art\u0131r v\u0259 bu, onu daha da q\u0259ddarla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. 1845-ci ild\u0259 krali\u00e7a b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259yanlar\u0131na v\u0259h\u015fi \u00f6k\u00fcz ovunda i\u015ftirak etm\u0259yi \u0259mr edir. Onlar b\u00fct\u00fcn qulluq\u00e7ular\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 qullar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6zl\u0259riyl\u0259 ova aparmal\u0131yd\u0131lar. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 ekspedisiya i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131 50 min\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131r. Krali\u00e7a b\u00fct\u00fcn mar\u015frut boyu yol \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259sini d\u0259 \u0259mr edir v\u0259 bu, prosesi lap d\u00f6z\u00fclm\u0259z hala sal\u0131r \u2013 i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 \u0259rzaq \u00e7atm\u0131r, h\u0259tta zad\u0259ganlar da d\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7ox baha qiym\u0259t\u0259 almal\u0131 olurlar. Yolsalanlar x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259nib \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259 onlar\u0131 yenil\u0259riyl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z edib\u0259r. Yol insan c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259riyl\u0259 dolur, \u00f6l\u0259nl\u0259rin \u00e7oxunu he\u00e7 basd\u0131rm\u0131rlar da, el\u0259c\u0259 bir k\u0259nara \u2013 ya hans\u0131sa \u00e7uxura, ya da yax\u0131nl\u0131dak\u0131 kolun dibin\u0259 at\u0131rlar. Ranavanolan\u0131n bu 16 h\u0259ft\u0259lik ov avant\u00fcrs\u0131 zaman\u0131 10 min\u0259 yax\u0131n insan h\u0259lak olur, amma birc\u0259 \u00f6k\u00fcz bel\u0259 vurulmur.\n<\/p>\n

\n Onun \u201cd\u0259lilikl\u0259ri\u201d art\u0131q \u0259n yax\u0131n \u0259traf\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 t\u0259ng\u0259 g\u0259tirir. B\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, h\u0259tta o\u011flu Rakoto v\u0259 sevgilisi Labord da Ranalavonaya qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b onu hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn plan c\u0131z\u0131rlar. Amma h\u0259min \u00e7evrili\u015f c\u0259hdiyl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 britaniyal\u0131lar\u0131n hesabat\u0131nda qeyd edilir ki, Rakoto bilm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259kd\u0259n oyuna \u00e7\u0259kildiyini \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n anas\u0131na x\u0259b\u0259r veribmi\u015f v\u0259 prosesd\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259hz onun g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fiyl\u0259 davam etdirib \u2013 krali\u00e7a h\u00f6kum\u0259t \u00fczvl\u0259rind\u0259n kimin ona x\u0259yan\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259yini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k ist\u0259yirm\u015f. Satq\u0131nlar\u0131n kimliyini bil\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Ranavalona onlar\u0131 yolunun \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 bataql\u0131q olan m\u0259cburi mar\u015fa g\u00f6nd\u0259rir v\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nildiyi kimi, \u00e7oxu malyariyaya yoluxub \u00f6l\u00fcr. Labord bu q\u0259zadan da salamat qurtulur v\u0259 Madaqaskara bir d\u0259 krali\u00e7a \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259n sonra kral Rakotonun (II Radaman\u0131n) m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7isi kimi qay\u0131d\u0131r. Amma Ranavalonan\u0131n o\u011flu c\u0259mi iki il taxtda otura bilir, anas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra artm\u0131\u015f intriqalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sonrak\u0131 krallar bir-birind\u0259n z\u0259if olur v\u0259 bu, 1897-ci ild\u0259 Madaqaskar\u0131n Fransa m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259siyl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir.\n<\/p>\n

\n ****\n<\/p>\n

\n 1861-ci ild\u0259 \u00f6z rahat yata\u011f\u0131nda v\u0259 yuxudayk\u0259n v\u0259fat ed\u0259n Ranavalonan\u0131n d\u0259fni zaman\u0131 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi bir q\u0131\u011f\u0131lc\u0131m m\u0259rasim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edil\u0259c\u0259k bar\u0131t \u00e7\u0259ll\u0259yin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, ard\u0131nca ba\u015f ver\u0259n partlay\u0131\u015f v\u0259 yan\u011f\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259r h\u0259lak olur, \u00fc\u00e7 tarixi kral iqam\u0259tgah\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r – diriyk\u0259n \u00f6l\u00fcm sa\u00e7an Madaqaskar Kaliqulas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyl\u0259 d\u0259 insanlara \u00f6l\u00fcm g\u0259tirir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Diriyk\u0259n \u00f6l\u00fcm sa\u00e7an Madaqaskar Kaliqulas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyl\u0259 d\u0259 insanlara \u00f6l\u00fcm g\u0259tirib<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":113787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-192936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQudurmu\u015f krali\u00e7a - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/qudurmus-kralica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Qudurmu\u015f krali\u00e7a - 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