{"id":192345,"date":"2018-10-30T17:06:29","date_gmt":"2018-10-30T17:06:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/macar-antikommunist-inqilabi\/"},"modified":"2018-10-30T17:06:29","modified_gmt":"2018-10-30T17:06:29","slug":"macar-antikommunist-inqilabi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/macar-antikommunist-inqilabi\/","title":{"rendered":"Macar antikommunist inqilab\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"Macar
\n Macar inqilab\u0131, 1956-c\u0131 il
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n \u0130kinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131 zaman\u0131 Macar\u0131stan nasist Almaniyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fctt\u0259fiqi idi. M\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonra is\u0259 sovet i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. 1945-ci ilin noyabr\u0131nda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 sovetl\u0259rin d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259diyi Kommunist Partiyas\u0131 17 faiz s\u0259s toplayaraq yaln\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yeri tutdu. 57 faiz s\u0259s toplayan X\u0131rda Sahibkarlar Partiyas\u0131 se\u00e7kinin qalibi oldu.Sosial-demokratlar is\u0259 17,4 faiz toplad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin sovet mar\u015fal\u0131 Voro\u015filovun r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi i\u015f\u011fal administrasiyas\u0131 XSP-y\u0259 t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na h\u00f6kum\u0259t qurma\u011fa icaz\u0259 verm\u0259di. Koalision h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259 yerl\u0259rin yaln\u0131z yar\u0131s\u0131 onlara verildi. Daxili i\u015fl\u0259r naziri v\u0259 dig\u0259r h\u0259lledici v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259r kommunistl\u0259rin \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7di. Onlar da bundan v\u0259 sovet ordusunun k\u00f6m\u0259yind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k hakimiyy\u0259ti t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1948-ci ild\u0259 kommunistl\u0259rin v\u0259 marksizm-leninizmi q\u0259bul ed\u0259n Sosial-Demokrat Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Macar\u0131stan z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015fl\u0259r partiyas\u0131 (MZP) yaran\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa partiyalar\u0131n, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n sosial-demokratlar\u0131n kommunistl\u0259rl\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n liderl\u0259ri h\u0259min Daxili \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 h\u0259bs edilir.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1949-cu ilin may\u0131nda r\u0259qab\u0259tsiz, vahid siyah\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 parlament se\u00e7kil\u0259ri ke\u00e7irilir. Avqust ay\u0131nda q\u0259bul edil\u0259n yeni Konstitusiyaya \u0259sas\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259tin ad\u0131 Macar\u0131stan Xalq Respublikas\u0131 olur. \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259kpartiyal\u0131 sistem qurulur, MZP-d\u0259n ba\u015fqa partiyalar qada\u011fan edilir. MZP-nin ilk r\u0259hb\u0259ri v\u0259 Ba\u015f nazir Matya\u015f Rako\u015fi Macar\u0131stan\u0131n diktatoruna \u00e7evrilir.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00d6lk\u0259nin gizli polisi rolunu D\u00f6vl\u0259t T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u0130dar\u0259si (macarca: \u00c1llamv\u00e9delmi Hat\u00f3s\u00e1g, AVH) oynay\u0131rd\u0131. AVH \u00f6lk\u0259nin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259razisini v\u0259 \u0259halisini n\u0259zar\u0259t alt\u0131nda saxlama\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130dar\u0259d\u0259 ciddi n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n 1 milyondan \u00e7ox insana x\u00fcsusi qovluq a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Onlardan 650 mini t\u0259qib\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar ki, bunun da 400 mini h\u0259bsd\u0259 idi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 AVH macar xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n nifr\u0259t etdyi quruma \u00e7evrildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Matya\u015f Rako\u015fi hakim partiya daxilind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 r\u0259qib g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc insanlara da divan tuturdu. 1949-cu ild\u0259 200 min kommunist h\u0259bs edildi, onlar\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda hakimiyy\u0259tin t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259sna xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri olan daxili i\u015fl\u0259r naziri Laslo Rayk da vard\u0131. Rayk v\u0259 bir \u00e7oxu edam edildil\u0259r. B\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259t is\u0259 i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalaraq uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli h\u0259bs c\u0259zalar\u0131 ald\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sosial m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 onminl\u0259rl\u0259 adam Budape\u015ftd\u0259n \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcl\u0259r. Onlar kolxozlarda i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edilirdil\u0259r. T\u0259hsil sistemi siyasil\u0259\u015fdirildi, rus dilinin v\u0259 kommunist ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259drisi b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259hsil m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259lrind\u0259 m\u0259cburi oldu. Din xadiml\u0259ri d\u0259 repressiyalardan yay\u0131nmad\u0131lar. Macar\u0131stan primas\u0131 kardinal Yojef Mindsenti casusluqda ittiham olunaraq \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fck h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259hkum edildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu kimi repressiv x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Rako\u015finin hakimiyy\u0259t ill\u0259rind\u0259 Macar\u0131stan \u015e\u0259rqi Avropan\u0131n \u0259n s\u0259rt diktaturas\u0131 kimi tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Macar\u0131stan\u0131n iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti a\u011f\u0131r olaraq qal\u0131rd\u0131. Rako\u015fi diktaturas\u0131 iqtisadi m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259uy\u011funluqdan deyil, ideoloji doqmalardan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259r\u0259k s\u0259nayel\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 kollektivl\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verirdi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u0259halinin rifah\u0131 getdikc\u0259 pisl\u0259\u015firdi. Defisit yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131: \u0259t, \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k, un v\u0259 q\u0259nd karto\u00e7ka il\u0259 sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. 1952-ci ild\u0259 \u0259halinin real g\u0259lirl\u0259ri m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259ki g\u0259lirl\u0259rin 2\/3 hiss\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Halbuki 3 il \u00f6nc\u0259 bu r\u0259q\u0259m 90 faiz\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Stalinin 1953-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra Matya\u015f Rako\u015finin m\u00f6vqel\u0259ri xeyli z\u0259ifl\u0259di. SSR\u0130-nin yeni r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi onun repressiv \u00fcsullar\u0131ndan v\u0259 iqtisadi siyas\u0259tind\u0259n naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 Rako\u015fi partiya r\u0259hb\u0259ri postunu saxlasa da, Ba\u015f nazir v\u0259zif\u0259sini daha yax\u015f\u0131 iqtisadi bilgil\u0259r\u0259 malik olan \u0130mre Nada verm\u0259li olur.\n<\/p>\n

\n Nad h\u00f6kum\u0259ti hakim rejimi xeyli yum\u015faltd\u0131. Amnistiya n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7oxlu insan azadl\u0131\u011fa burax\u0131ld\u0131, sosial m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 repressiyalara son verildi. \u0130qtisadiyyatda daha \u00e7ox y\u00fcng\u00fcl v\u0259 qida s\u0259nayesinin inki\u015faf\u0131na diqq\u0259t ayr\u0131ld\u0131, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131na m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qillik verildi, \u0259rzaq qiym\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 xidm\u0259t tarifl\u0259ri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131nd\u0131. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u0130mre Nad \u0259hali aras\u0131nda xeyli populyarl\u0131q qazand\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin Matya\u015f Rako\u015fi revan\u015f c\u0259hdl\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259mi\u015fdi. Onun apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 intriqalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 1955-ci ilin aprelind\u0259 Nad v\u0259zif\u0259sini itirdi. C\u0259mi 33 ya\u015f\u0131 olan yeni Ba\u015f nazir Andra\u015f Heged\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sizliyind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n Rako\u015fi v\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131 yenid\u0259n stalinist siyas\u0259t y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bununla bel\u0259, bu, m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti u\u011fur oldu. 1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Sovet Kommunist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n XX qurultay\u0131nda Xru\u015f\u015fov stalinizmi k\u0259skin t\u0259nqid ed\u0259n m\u0259ruz\u0259 il\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Rako\u015fi Moskvan\u0131n t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 partiya r\u0259hb\u0259ri postundan istefa vem\u0259li oldu, onun yerini Ern\u00f6 Ger\u00f6 tutdu. Lakin Ger\u00f6 \u00f6z siyasi bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Rako\u015fid\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nmirdi, o da qat\u0131 stalinist idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bununla bel\u0259, Rako\u015finin siyasi s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u0259sirsiz \u00f6t\u00fc\u015fm\u0259di. Macar\u0131standa t\u0259nqid\u00e7i meyll\u0259r artma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r, yeni yaranan “Petefi d\u0259rn\u0259kl\u0259ri”nd\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin probleml\u0259ri a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunurdu. \u0130yun ay\u0131nda Pol\u015fan\u0131n Poznan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259m\u0259k \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rinin yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259bil\u0259 ke\u00e7irdikl\u0259ri etiraz aksiyas\u0131 macar g\u0259ncliyin\u0259 ciddi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra b\u0259ra\u0259t alm\u0131\u015f Laslo Rayk\u0131n oktyabr\u0131n 6-da yenid\u0259n d\u0259fn olunmas\u0131 m\u0259rasimi Macar\u0131stan inqilab\u0131 \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 ilk ciddi siyasi hadis\u0259 oldu. Rayk \u00f6z\u00fc kommunist olsa da, movcud stalinist hakimiyy\u0259tin qurban\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 onun yenid\u0259n d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n etiraz\u00e7\u0131 g\u0259ncl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan 100 minlik k\u00fctl\u0259 topla\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Oktyabr\u0131n 16-da Seqed Universitetinin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri hakimiyy\u0259tin n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 olan “G\u0259ncl\u0259rin demokratik ittifaq\u0131” (SSR\u0130-d\u0259ki komsomolun analoqu) t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131xaraq m\u00fcst\u0259qil t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 yaratd\u0131lar. Tezlikl\u0259 ba\u015fqa universitetl\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 onlara qo\u015fuldular. Budape\u015ft tikinti s\u0259nayesi universitetinin (indiki Texniki Universitet) t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fcst\u0259qil t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 yaradaraq, oktyabr\u0131n 22-d\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 16 b\u0259ndd\u0259n ibar\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini t\u0259qdim etdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n S\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 MZP-nin n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259nk\u0259nar qurultay\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u0130mre Nad\u0131n Ba\u015f nazir t\u0259yin edilm\u0259si, azad se\u00e7kil\u0259rin ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si, sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131, Stalinin heyk\u0259linin g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r \u0259ksini tapd\u0131. T\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r bu ist\u0259kl\u0259rinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ert\u0259si g\u00fcn Macar\u0131stan\u0131n milli q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 general Yuzef Bemin abid\u0259si \u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259n dig\u0259r milli q\u0259hr\u0259man, \u015fair v\u0259 inqilab\u00e7\u0131 \u015eandor Petefinin abid\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f ke\u00e7ir\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini bildirirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***
\n
\n Oktyabr\u0131n 23-d\u0259 saat 15.00-da ba\u015flayan n\u00fcmayi\u015fd\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 20 min adam i\u015ftirak edirdi, t\u0259dric\u0259n is\u0259 onlar\u0131n say\u0131 200 min\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131. Ax\u015fam saatlar\u0131nda MZP r\u0259hb\u0259ri Ern\u00f6 Ger\u00f6 radio il\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259r\u0259k, aksiyaya “fa\u015fist”, “\u015fovinist”, “antisemit” kimi yarl\u0131qlar yap\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131. \u00dcsyan i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, 1990-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Macar\u0131stan\u0131n prezidenti se\u00e7il\u0259c\u0259k Arpad Q\u00f6nts sonralar Ger\u00f6nin bu \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 alovun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n benzinl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"Macar
\n Macar inqilab\u0131, 1956-c\u0131 il
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259n\u0259n k\u00fctl\u0259 Macar\u0131stan radiosunun binas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259ldi. Onlar hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, radio vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Ger\u00f6nin b\u00f6htanlar\u0131na cavab verm\u0259k, \u00f6z h\u0259qiqi t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini ictimail\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 var. Radionu is\u0259 AVH \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 qoruyurdu. Onlar\u0131n a\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131 at\u0259\u015f n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 inqilab ilk qurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 verdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Hadis\u0259l\u0259rin i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Mariya Fitner xat\u0131rlay\u0131r: “Radio binas\u0131na dalbadal t\u0259cili yard\u0131m ma\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u0259lm\u0259si etiraz\u00e7\u0131larda \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 yaratd\u0131. Onlardan biri saxlan\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259lum oldu ki, AVH \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 v\u0259 silah-sursat da\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. H\u0259min silahlar insanlar\u0131n \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7di. Bununla da radio binas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sl m\u00fchasir\u0259si ba\u015fland\u0131”. AVH \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259n h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259r is\u0259 xalq\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 ke\u00e7dil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130nqilab\u00e7\u0131lar tezlikl\u0259 h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 silahlar \u0259ld\u0259 etdil\u0259r. AVH-d\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259r etiraza ya bit\u0259r\u0259f yana\u015f\u0131r, ya da ona qo\u015fulurdular. Etiraz\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si Stalinin 25 metrlik heyk\u0259lin\u0259 do\u011fru ged\u0259r\u0259k, onu u\u00e7urdular. Radio binas\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda at\u0131\u015fma is\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn gec\u0259 davam etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Gec\u0259 saatlar\u0131nda Ern\u00f6 Ger\u00f6 v\u0259 Ba\u015f nazir Andran Heged\u00fc\u015f Macar\u0131stan r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi ad\u0131ndan r\u0259sm\u0259n SSR\u0130-y\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259n Budape\u015ft\u0259 h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259rin yeridilm\u0259sini xahi\u015f etdil\u0259r. Eyni zamanda \u00fcsyan\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 sakitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130mre Nad\u0131n Ba\u015f nazir v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131 q\u0259rara al\u0131nd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n SSR\u0130 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri Jukovun \u0259mri il\u0259 sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 (6 min h\u0259rb\u00e7i, 290 tank, 120 zirehli transportyor) Badape\u015ft\u0259 daxil oldular. Yeni Ba\u015f nazir \u0130mre Nad radio il\u0259 \u0259haliy\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k, sakitliyi qorumalar\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259di. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n bir \u00e7ox yerd\u0259 kommunist simvollar\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259hv etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, inqilab\u0131n ikinci g\u00fcn\u00fc nisb\u0259t\u0259n sakit ke\u00e7di.\n<\/p>\n

\n Oktyabr\u0131n 25-d\u0259 is\u0259 sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 il\u0259 macar inqilab\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda at\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flad\u0131. Ehtimal ki, ilk silahl\u0131 insident parlament binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259 AVH t\u0259xribat\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yarand\u0131. Tezlikl\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Budape\u015fti k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Qorxuya d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n Ern\u00f6 Ger\u00f6 sovet h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259rinin k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259 SSR\u0130-y\u0259 qa\u00e7d\u0131. 3 g\u00fcn sonra Heged\u00fc\u015f d\u0259 eyni c\u00fcr davrand\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ger\u00f6n\u00fcn yerin\u0259 MZP-nin r\u0259hb\u0259ri Yano\u015f Kadar se\u00e7ildi. 1948-1950-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 daxili i\u015fl\u0259r naziri olan Kadar da Rako\u015fi repressiyalar\u0131n\u0131n qurban\u0131 idi. 1951-1954-c\u00fc illl\u0259ri h\u0259bsd\u0259 ke\u00e7irmi\u015fdi. O c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t SSR\u0130-d\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur “Vladimir sentral\u0131”nda saxlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Kadar d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 \u0130mre Nad\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sovet r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi tanklar\u0131n Budape\u015ft k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n kimi asayi\u015fin b\u0259rpa olunaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin bel\u0259 olmad\u0131. Macarlar k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 silahl\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdil\u0259r. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin h\u0259r rayonunu m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r formala\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Sovetl\u0259rin macar ordusunun k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 b\u0259sl\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u00fcmid is\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frultmad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcsyan\u00e7\u0131lardan Yojef Duda\u015f\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi 400 n\u0259f\u0259rlik d\u0259st\u0259 AVH \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi amans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7ilirdi. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, Duda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259 ill\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 sonrak\u0131 ilk d\u00f6vrd\u0259 kommunistl\u0259rin t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 idi. Lakin tezlikl\u0259 onlar\u0131n siyas\u0259tini b\u0259y\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, \u00fcz d\u00f6nd\u0259rir. \u0130ndi AVH \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 v\u0259 Kommunist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n funksionerl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n pis tale ke\u00e7mi\u015f m\u0259sl\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 olan Duda\u015fa \u0259sir d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k idi. Bel\u0259 halda onlar\u0131 x\u00fcsusi amans\u0131zl\u0131qla edam g\u00f6zl\u0259yirdi. \u00dcmumilikd\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r zaman\u0131 37 AVH \u0259m\u0259kda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n lin\u00e7 edil\u0259r\u0259k, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259xmin edilir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Oktyabr\u0131n 27-d\u0259 Nad sovet n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri Mikoyan v\u0259 Suslovla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ba\u015f nazir etiraz\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n b\u0259zi t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rinin yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti normalla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u00fczl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc qeyd edir. Bu t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131nda sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131, Macar\u0131stan\u0131n Var\u015fava M\u00fcqavil\u0259si T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 (sosialist \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259rbi-siyasi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131) t\u0259rk etm\u0259si d\u0259 vard\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ert\u0259si g\u00fcn sovet r\u0259hb\u0259ri Xru\u015f\u015fov at\u0259\u015fi dayand\u0131rmaq, t\u0259xribatlara cavab verm\u0259m\u0259k v\u0259 Budape\u015fti t\u0259rk etm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f verir. H\u0259min g\u00fcn \u0130mre Nad yeni radiom\u00fcraci\u0259tind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259ri “inqilab” adland\u0131raraq b\u0259ra\u0259t qazand\u0131rd\u0131. H\u0259tta sovet h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin oktyabr\u0131n 30-da q\u0259bul etdiyi v\u0259 ert\u0259si g\u00fcn m\u0259tbuatda yay\u0131lan b\u0259yannam\u0259sind\u0259 Macar\u0131stan hadis\u0259l\u0259ri “z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015fl\u0259rin \u0259dal\u0259tli v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131” adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sovet b\u0259yannam\u0259sind\u0259 sosialist \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin \u0259saslar\u0131ndan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. H\u0259tta Var\u015fava m\u00fcqavil\u0259si t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 \u00fczvl\u0259ri olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 onlar\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259ki sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu bildirilirdi. Bu, Kremlin xarici siyas\u0259tind\u0259 inqilabi d\u0259yi\u015fiklik idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Oktyabr\u0131n 29-da \u0130mre Nad h\u00f6kum\u0259ti AVH-ni l\u0259\u011fv etdi, 30-da t\u0259kpartiyal\u0131 sistemd\u0259n imtina etdi, dig\u0259r partiyalar\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na icaz verdi. Ert\u0259si g\u00fcn MZP burax\u0131ld\u0131, bir g\u00fcn sonda onun \u0259sas\u0131nda Macar\u0131stan sosialist f\u0259hl\u0259 partiyas\u0131 (MSFP) yarad\u0131ld\u0131, lideri yen\u0259 Yano\u015f Kadar se\u00e7ildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1955-ci ild\u0259 Avstriya il\u0259 s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin ba\u011flanmas\u0131, Vyanan\u0131n “\u0259b\u0259di bit\u0259r\u0259flik” elan etm\u0259si Macar\u0131standa ciddi rezonans do\u011furmu\u015fdu. Macarlar da bit\u0259r\u0259f d\u00f6vl\u0259t olma\u011fa can at\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130mre Nad da \u00f6lk\u0259nin bel\u0259 kurs g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259c\u0259yini, Var\u015fava m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sovet h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin heyr\u0259tamiz pasifist m\u00f6vqeyi is\u0259 c\u0259mi bir g\u00fcn sonra d\u0259yi\u015fdi. Oktyabr\u0131n 31-d\u0259 Sov.\u0130KP-nin R\u0259yas\u0259t Hey\u0259tinin toplant\u0131s\u0131nda Xru\u015f\u015fov qo\u015funlar\u0131n Macar\u0131standa qalmas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 “qayda-qanun yarad\u0131lmas\u0131nda t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259sinin” z\u0259ruri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n Tarix\u00e7il\u0259r v\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r bel\u0259 k\u0259skin d\u0259yi\u015fikliyin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda indiy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edirl\u0259r. Bir \u00e7ox hadis\u0259nin, \u0259sas\u0259n d\u0259 S\u00fcvey\u015f b\u00f6hran\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n Misir\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0259b\u0259b oldu\u011fu z\u0259nn edilir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, Moskva anlay\u0131rd\u0131 ki, \u00e7oxpartiyal\u0131 sistemd\u0259 kommunistl\u0259r hakimiyy\u0259ti saxlaya bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r v\u0259 Macar\u0131stan sosialist d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259snd\u0259n uzaqla\u015facaq.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcsyan\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n radikalla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n prosesl\u0259rin n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n Nad h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259 d\u0259 par\u00e7alanma yaran\u0131r. \u018fvv\u0259l d\u0259yi\u015fiklik t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 olan b\u0259zi siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r indi Moskvan\u0131n hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259sini ist\u0259yirl\u0259r. Ciddi g\u00f6t\u00fcr-qoydan sonra Kreml \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yaradaca\u011f\u0131 marionet h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 Yano\u015f Kadar\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar verir. Bel\u0259c\u0259, formal c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil olan \u00f6lk\u0259nin h\u00f6kum\u0259tini onun \u0259halisi deyil, ba\u015fqa \u00f6lk\u0259nin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi se\u00e7irdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130mre Nad is\u0259 bu zaman sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n Macar\u0131standan \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259yirdi. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 noyabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 yeni-yeni sovet h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin daxil olmas\u0131 x\u0259b\u0259rini al\u0131r. Ba\u015f nazir sovet s\u0259firi Yuri Andropovdan izahat t\u0259l\u0259b ets\u0259 d\u0259, qaneedici cavab ala bilmir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Noyabr\u0131n 3-d\u0259 sovet KQB-nin s\u0259dri \u0130van Serov macar h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri Pal Meleteri Budape\u015ft yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 T\u00f6k\u00f6l \u015f\u0259h\u0259rciyind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara d\u0259v\u0259t edir. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, Meleter Serovun t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131na b\u0259l\u0259d deyildi. O, \u0130kinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259 Pol\u015fan\u0131n nasist, sonra da sovet i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan Armiya Krayovan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin d\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 t\u0259minat ver\u0259r\u0259k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, sonra da ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259bs etmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Pal Meleter v\u0259 onu m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t ed\u0259n adamlar eyni aqib\u0259tl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdil\u0259r. Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar ged\u0259n zaldaca h\u0259bs olundular. Bununla da macar m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti ba\u015fs\u0131z qald\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n “Burul\u011fan” ad\u0131 veril\u0259n sovet t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcnd\u025915 diviziya olmaqla 60 min h\u0259rb\u00e7i, 3 mind\u0259n art\u0131q tank i\u015ftirak edirdi. Onlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 Macar\u0131stan\u0131n dig\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259rini n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259li, yar\u0131s\u0131 is\u0259 Budape\u015ft\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259li idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Kadar h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin yard\u0131m m\u00fcraci\u0259ti h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n ba\u015flanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u0259han\u0259 oldu (oyuncaq h\u00f6kum\u0259t yarad\u0131b onun m\u00fcraci\u0259ti \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259cav\u00fcz etm\u0259k Moskvan\u0131n sevimli f\u0259ndidir). Paytaxta qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat SSR\u0130 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri Jukovun \u015f\u0259xsi r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda noyabr\u0131n 4-d\u0259 s\u0259h\u0259r tezd\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n T\u0259xmin\u0259n 5 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 macar v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rl\u0259ri sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131na ciddi m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdil\u0259r. X\u00fcsus\u0259n “Korvin passaj\u0131” deyil\u0259n \u0259razid\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259tli d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r getdi. Lakin q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259r idi. Noyabr\u0131n 10-dan etibar\u0259n yaln\u0131z ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t ocaqlar\u0131 vard\u0131 ki, iki g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 onlar da susduruldular.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"Macar
\n Macar inqilab\u0131, 1956-c\u0131 il
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n M\u00fcdaxil\u0259 sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131na ucuz ba\u015fa g\u0259lm\u0259di, 669 h\u0259rb\u00e7i \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, 51 n\u0259f\u0259r itkin d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc, 1251 n\u0259f\u0259r is\u0259 yaraland\u0131. Macar\u0131stan t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n is\u0259 2652 \u00fcsyan\u00e7\u0131, 348 dinc sakin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, 19 226 n\u0259f\u0259r is\u0259 yaraland\u0131. 200 min insan qon\u015fu kapitalist \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 qa\u00e7d\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130mre Nad v\u0259 dig\u0259r h\u00f6kum\u0259t \u00fczvl\u0259ri ikinci s\u00f6vet t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fc ba\u015flayan kimi Yuqoslaviya s\u0259firliyind\u0259 gizl\u0259ndil\u0259r. Noyabr\u0131n 22-d\u0259 Yano\u015f Kadar\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xmaq azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 t\u0259minat\u0131na inanaraq s\u0259firliyi t\u0259rk ed\u0259rk\u0259n h\u0259bs edildi. O, 1958-ci il\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n qapal\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm h\u00f6km\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259hkum edildi v\u0259 iyunun 16-da ke\u00e7mi\u015f m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri Pal Meleterl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 as\u0131laraq edam edildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcmumilikd\u0259 26 min insan h\u0259bs olundu, onlardan 22 mini m\u00fcxt\u0259lif h\u0259bs c\u0259zalar\u0131na m\u0259hkum edildil\u0259r. Edam olunanlar bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r\u0259 rast g\u0259lm\u0259k olar. \u018fn \u00e7ox rast g\u0259lin\u0259n r\u0259q\u0259m 229-dur. Lakin 1990-1994-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Macar\u0131stan\u0131n xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri olmu\u015f Geza Yesenski 350 n\u0259f\u0259rin edam olundu\u011funu iddia edir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Budape\u015ftin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u0259razil\u0259rinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sini h\u0259yata ke\u00e7ir\u0259n d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin komandirl\u0259ri Yojef Duda\u015f, Yano\u015f Sabo, Laslo \u0130van Kova\u00e7, Robert Ban, t\u00fcrk k\u00f6k\u0259nli Kamal \u018fkr\u0259m v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri edam olundular. \u018fn a\u011f\u0131r c\u0259za alanlar aras\u0131nda h\u0259tta 6 qad\u0131n da vard\u0131. Q\u0259bul edil\u0259n x\u00fcsusi qanuna g\u00f6r\u0259 edam h\u00f6km\u00fc 16 ya\u015fdan yuxar\u0131 h\u0259r k\u0259s\u0259 \u015famil oluna bil\u0259rdi. 18 ya\u015f\u0131 tamam olmadan t\u00f6r\u0259tdiyi \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 edam olunan \u0259n az\u0131 bir n\u0259f\u0259r m\u0259lumdur: Peter Mansfeld.\n<\/p>\n

\n Noyabr\u0131n 4-d\u0259 \u0259haliy\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259n Yano\u015f Kadar sovet t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc “f\u0259hl\u0259 v\u0259 k\u0259ndlil\u0259rin maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 qorumaq” z\u0259rur\u0259tind\u0259n do\u011fdu\u011funu \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin sovet ordusuna \u0259n ciddi m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n el\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259r idi. H\u0259lak olanlar\u0131n sosial t\u0259rkibin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 onlar ilk yeri tuturdular – 46,4 faiz.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n 1956-c\u0131 il yay Olimpiadas\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259nin (Avstraliya) ekvatordan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n yayda deyil, noyabr\u0131n 22-d\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130spaniya, \u0130sve\u00e7r\u0259 v\u0259 Niderland Macar\u0131stan\u0131n SSR\u0130 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na etiraz olaraq oyunlarda i\u015ftirak etm\u0259dil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Dekabr\u0131n 6-da Olimpiadan\u0131n su polosu turnirinin yar\u0131mfinal\u0131nda SSR\u0130 v\u0259 Macar\u0131stan komandalar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131lar. Bir ay \u00f6nc\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r oyuna ciddi t\u0259sir etdi. \u0130dman\u00e7\u0131lar bir-birl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 tez-tez kobudluq edirdil\u0259r. Oynun son d\u0259qiq\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, hesab 4:0 macarlar\u0131n xeyrin\u0259 olark\u0259n sovet idman\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Prokopov macar Ervin Zadorun sif\u0259tin\u0259 z\u0259rb\u0259 endirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Qa\u015f\u0131 partlayan Zador hovuzda arxas\u0131nca qan izi buraxaraq, oyuna davam etdi. Ba\u015f ver\u0259nl\u0259r tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n s\u0259rt reaksiyas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Onlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 macarlara azarke\u015flik edir, antisovet \u015f\u00fcarlar s\u0259sl\u0259ndirirdil\u0259r. Mat\u00e7\u0131n son d\u0259qiq\u0259sind\u0259 yeni dava-dala\u015f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n oyun dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 hesabda \u00f6nd\u0259 olduqlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 macarlara verildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Macar\u0131stan vaterpol\u00e7ular\u0131 finalda Yuqoslaviyaya 2:1 hesab\u0131 il\u0259 qalib g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k, q\u0131z\u0131l medal qazand\u0131lar. Komandan\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131, Ervin Zador da daxil olmaqla, v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 qay\u0131tmaqdan imtina ed\u0259r\u0259k Q\u0259rbd\u0259 siyasi s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacaq ald\u0131. \u00dcmumilikd\u0259 Melburn olimpiadas\u0131nda i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n Macar\u0131stan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin 100 \u00fczv\u00fc \u00f6lk\u0259sin\u0259 qay\u0131tmad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n AB\u015e-da \u00e7\u0131xan h\u0259ft\u0259lik T\u0130ME jurnal\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi “\u0130lin adam\u0131” kateqoriyas\u0131nda 1956-c\u0131 ilin laureat\u0131 olaraq anonim “Macar azadl\u0131q m\u00fcbarizi”ni se\u00e7di.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Macar\u0131stan antikommunist inqilab\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259tinin s\u0259b\u0259bi ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 idi. D\u00fcnya Avropada q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r balans\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259, sosialist d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259sind\u0259n qopmalara haz\u0131r deyildi. T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, Q\u0259rb n\u0259 inqilaba ciddi d\u0259st\u0259k verdi, n\u0259 d\u0259 sovet t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ciddi pisl\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fksin\u0259, b\u0259zi m\u0259lumatlara g\u00f6r\u0259, AB\u015e Macar\u0131standak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 bit\u0259r\u0259f qalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Moskvadak\u0131 s\u0259firliyi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 sovet r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 is\u0259 S\u00fcvey\u015f kanal\u0131ndan \u00f6tr\u00fc Misiri c\u0259zaland\u0131rma\u011fa qar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259hz \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n Misir\u0259 t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fc SSR\u0130-ni Macar\u0131stan hadis\u0259l\u0259rini zor g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 yat\u0131rma\u011fa s\u00f6vq etdi. \u018fg\u0259r onlar m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 tamamil\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tsizc\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u0259 ba\u015flaya bilirdil\u0259rs\u0259, Moskva eyni \u015feyi niy\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 r\u0259va g\u00f6rm\u0259m\u0259li idi?\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, Q\u0259rb, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n AB\u015e-\u0131n M\u0259rk\u0259zi K\u0259\u015ffiyyat \u0130dar\u0259si Macar\u0131standa n\u0259 ba\u015f verdiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 tam m\u0259lumata malik deyildi. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, MK\u0130 hesab edirdi ki, sovet ordusunun oktyabr\u0131n 24-d\u0259ki ilk m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si \u0130mre Nad\u0131n d\u0259v\u0259til\u0259 ba\u015f tutub. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Azad Avropa radiosunda onun \u0259leyhin\u0259 t\u0259bli\u011fat apar\u0131l\u0131r, “v\u0259t\u0259n xaini” adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 Macar\u0131stan beyn\u0259lxalq d\u0259st\u0259kd\u0259n m\u0259rhum halda n\u0259h\u0259ng h\u0259rb ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 il\u0259 \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 qald\u0131. Sosialist d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259sinin m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu 45 il \u0259rzind\u0259 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck antikommunist inqilab macar xalq\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na baxmayaraq m\u0259\u011flub oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n G\u00f6rk\u0259mli nasir v\u0259 filosof Alber Kamyu Q\u0259rbin Macar\u0131stan hadis\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 bigan\u0259liyini \u0130spaniyadak\u0131 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259si zaman\u0131 elan edil\u0259n bit\u0259r\u0259flikl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edirdi: “H\u0259qiq\u0259t ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki … beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259m Macar\u0131stan\u0131n g\u00fcll\u0259baran\u0131na icaz\u0259 verdi. H\u0259l\u0259 20 il \u00f6nc\u0259 biz xarici diktatura ordular\u0131na ispan inqilab\u0131n\u0131 tapdama\u011fa imkan verdik. Bizim bu \u0259caib s\u0259yimiz m\u00fckafat olaraq \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259si \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Macar inqilab\u0131 Q\u0259rbi Avropan\u0131n kommunist partiyalar\u0131nda v\u0259 ona r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n ziyal\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ciddi fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratd\u0131. Jan Pol Sartr, Emmanuel Le Rua Lad\u00fcri kimi intellektuallar Fransa Kommunist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk etdil\u0259r, SSR\u0130-nin t\u0259nqid\u00e7isin\u0259 \u00e7evrildil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fn b\u00f6y\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131lar is\u0259 \u0130taliya Kommunist Partiyas\u0131nda ba\u015f verdi. Palmiro Tolyatti, Corco Napolitano kimi r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259r sovet aksiyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, 101 \u00fczv “Manifest 101” ad\u0131n\u0131 alan s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259 etiraz etdil\u0259r. Partiyan\u0131n n\u00fcfuzlu \u00fczvl\u0259rind\u0259n \u00dcmumitalyan \u018fm\u0259k Konfederasiyas\u0131 adl\u0131 h\u0259mkarlar ittifaq\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri C\u00fczeppe di Vittorio, Antonio Colitti, Loris Fortuna v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri macar inqilab\u0131n\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 pisl\u0259dil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bununla bel\u0259, qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, macar xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n bu a\u011f\u0131r cinay\u0259t \u00fcmum\u0259n d\u00fcnyada sakit qar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. 12 il sonra ox\u015far s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00c7exoslovakiyaya daha qans\u0131z m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 xeyli k\u0259skin rezonans do\u011furacaq.\n<\/p>\n

\n 2005-ci ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-halda Corco Napolitano \u0259vv\u0259lki m\u00f6vqeyinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu etiraf etdi. Bununla bel\u0259, onun bir il sonra \u0130taliyan\u0131n prezidenti kimi macar inqilab\u0131n\u0131n 50 illiyin\u0259 h\u0259sr edil\u0259n t\u0259dbirl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t olunmas\u0131 inqilab\u0131n sa\u011f qalan i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259skin etiraz\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1989-cu ild\u0259 kommunist hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259n qurtulan Macar\u0131stan inqilab\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 23 oktyabr g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc milli bayram – Respublika G\u00fcn\u00fc elan etdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130kinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131 zaman\u0131 Macar\u0131stan nasist Almaniyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fctt\u0259fiqi idi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":111743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-192345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analitika","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMacar antikommunist inqilab\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/macar-antikommunist-inqilabi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Macar antikommunist inqilab\u0131 - 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