{"id":191935,"date":"2018-10-03T15:10:52","date_gmt":"2018-10-03T15:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/munhen-sazisi\/"},"modified":"2018-10-03T15:10:52","modified_gmt":"2018-10-03T15:10:52","slug":"munhen-sazisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/munhen-sazisi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"M\u00fcnhen
\n M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015finin imzalanmas\u0131ndan 80 il \u00f6td\u00fc. 1938-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 30-da Almaniya, \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259, Fransa v\u0259 \u0130taliya h\u00f6kum\u0259t r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rinin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sazi\u015f \u0259sas\u0259n almanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sudet vilay\u0259tinin \u00c7exoslovakiyadan qopar\u0131laraq Almaniyaya verilm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu.\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u0259z\u0259n “M\u00fcnhen r\u0259zal\u0259ti” kimi disfemizml\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan bu sazi\u015f bir q\u0259d\u0259r sonra \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi m\u0259hvin\u0259, nasist Almaniyas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rbi v\u0259 siyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n xeyli g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131. Sonrak\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi qorxaql\u0131\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 siyasi koraf\u0259hmliyin simvoluna \u00e7evrildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Birinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra imzalanan Versal m\u00fcqavil\u0259si m\u0259\u011flub d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi Almaniyan\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na a\u011f\u0131r \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r qoyurdu. \u00d6lk\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rini deyil, Avropadak\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rinin d\u0259 bir hiss\u0259sini itirdi. Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika, Danimarka, Pol\u015fa v\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiya aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259n bu torpaqlar ke\u00e7mi\u015f imperiya \u0259razisinin 13,2%-ni (72 min kv. km) t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130mperiyan\u0131n xarabal\u0131qlar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f Veymar Respublikas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259rbi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n d\u0259 z\u0259ifl\u0259tm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir \u00e7ox m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259t n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulurdu. Almaniyan\u0131n quru qo\u015funlar\u0131 7 piyada v\u0259 3 s\u00fcvari diviziyas\u0131ndan ibar\u0259t olmaqla 100 min n\u0259f\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259li idi. \u00dcmumi h\u0259rbi m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fiyy\u0259t l\u0259\u011fv olunurdu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Q\u0131sam\u00fcdd\u0259tli h\u0259rbi t\u0259liml\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u00e7oxlu sayda insan\u0131n t\u0259lim g\u00f6rm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli xidm\u0259t t\u0259tbiq edilirdi. Zirehli texnikaya v\u0259 h\u0259rbi aviasiyaya malik olmaq qada\u011fan idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259rbi d\u0259niz q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 xidm\u0259t ed\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 is\u0259 15 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox olmamal\u0131 idi. Donanmada 6 y\u00fcng\u00fcl linkor, 6 y\u00fcng\u00fcl kreyser, 12 minada\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 g\u0259minin v\u0259 12 torpeda katerinin olmas\u0131na icaz\u0259 verilirdi. Sualt\u0131 qay\u0131qlara malik olmaq h\u00fcququ yox idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Fransan\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi bax\u0131m\u0131ndan iki d\u00f6vl\u0259tin s\u0259rh\u0259dind\u0259ki Almaniya \u0259razisind\u0259 demilitarizasiya olunmu\u015f Reyn zonas\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u018fsas\u0259n Reyn \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n sol sahilind\u0259n v\u0259 bir q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 sa\u011f sahilind\u0259ki zolaqdan ibar\u0259t bu zonan\u0131n eni 50 km-\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r idi. H\u0259min \u0259razid\u0259 almanlar h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259r saxlaya, h\u0259rbi istehkamlar tik\u0259, h\u0259rbi t\u0259liml\u0259r ke\u00e7ir\u0259 bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Versal m\u00fcqavil\u0259sini iqtisadi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n d\u0259 xeyli a\u011f\u0131r \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri vard\u0131, onlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 sadalamaq bizi \u00f6z m\u00f6vzumuzdan \u00e7ox uzaqla\u015fd\u0131rard\u0131. Onu qeyd ed\u0259k ki, monarxiyan\u0131n yerind\u0259 yaranan demokratik Veymar Respublikas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc idi. \u00c7ar\u0259sizlikd\u0259n Versal m\u00fcqavil\u0259sini imzalama\u011fa m\u0259cbur olan respublika r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin n\u00fcfuzu alman c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259 xeyli sars\u0131ld\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n Ba\u015f naziri olan, Almaniya il\u0259 daha yum\u015faq davran\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 Devid Lloyd Corc qeyd edirdi ki, m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin \u0259sas t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si ondad\u0131r ki, “biz k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259ri ekstremistl\u0259rin a\u011fu\u015funa at\u0131r\u0131q”. Do\u011frudan da, Versal m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin al\u00e7ald\u0131c\u0131 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri Almaniyada revan\u015fizm meyll\u0259rini alovland\u0131rd\u0131. Bu meyll\u0259rd\u0259n Adolf Hitlerin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Nasist Partiyas\u0131 (NSDAP) daha bacar\u0131qla istifad\u0259 etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1929-cu ild\u0259 ba\u015flayan v\u0259 “b\u00f6y\u00fck depressiya” adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fcmumd\u00fcnya iqtisadi b\u00f6hran\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sosial v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin k\u0259skin pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si nasistl\u0259rin i\u015fin\u0259 yarad\u0131. Bu ill\u0259rd\u0259 NSDAP \u00f6lk\u0259nin \u0259n n\u00fcfuzlu partiyas\u0131na \u00e7evrildi. N\u0259hay\u0259t, 1933-c\u00fc ilin yanvar\u0131n 30-da Hitler \u00e7oxdan g\u00f6zl\u0259diyi arzusuna \u00e7atd\u0131: prezident Hindenburg onu Veymar Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n kansleri t\u0259yin etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Adolf Hitler hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n kimi xarici siyas\u0259td\u0259 Versal buxovlar\u0131ndan qurtulmaq siyas\u0259tini y\u00fcr\u00fctd\u00fc. T\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc olsa da, \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransa bu c\u0259hdl\u0259r\u0259 di\u015fsiz b\u0259yanatlarla reaksiya verm\u0259kd\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u0259dil\u0259r. Halbuki, Berlini m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 riay\u0259t etdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn imkanlar\u0131 vard\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1933-c\u00fc ili oktyabr\u0131nda Almaniya Mill\u0259tl\u0259r C\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. 1935-ci ilin mart\u0131n 18-d\u0259 is\u0259 Versal m\u00fcqavil\u0259sini birt\u0259r\u0259fli qaydada denonsasiya etdi. \u00dcmumi h\u0259rbi m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fiyy\u0259t t\u0259tbiq olundu, q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 icaz\u0259 veril\u0259nd\u0259n be\u015f d\u0259f\u0259 art\u0131q – 500 minlik ordu yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutuldu. H\u0259rbi aviasiyan\u0131n v\u0259 tank qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ri d\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.
\n
\n \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 Almaniyan\u0131n Versal m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini pozmas\u0131na cavab\u0131 onun h\u0259rbi d\u0259niz q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rini limitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni m\u00fcqavil\u0259 ba\u011flamaqda g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u0130yunun 18-d\u0259 imzalanan m\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Almaniya \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin su\u00fcst\u00fc donanmas\u0131n\u0131n 35% v\u0259 sualt\u0131 donanmas\u0131n\u0131n 45% h\u0259cmind\u0259 donanmaya malik olmaq h\u00fcququ qazand\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin ingilis-alman d\u0259niz raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 kimi xat\u0131rlanan bu s\u0259n\u0259d Hitler \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 idi. 1938-ci ilin fevral\u0131nda f\u00fcrer \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin sualt\u0131 donanmas\u0131na b\u0259rab\u0259r donanma yaratmaq ist\u0259diyini bildirdi. 1939-cu ilin aprelind\u0259 is\u0259 Berlin s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n raz\u0131la\u015fman\u0131 birt\u0259r\u0259fli denonsasiya ed\u0259r\u0259k h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir limit m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tini tan\u0131maqdan imtina etdi.
\n
\n 1936-c\u0131 il mart\u0131n 7-d\u0259 f\u00fcrer Reyn zonas\u0131n\u0131n remilitarizasiyas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f verdi v\u0259 19 batalyon \u0259raziy\u0259 daxil oldu. Veril\u0259n t\u0259limata g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259g\u0259r frans\u0131zlar buna \u00f6z h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259rini g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 cavab vers\u0259ydil\u0259r, almanlar d\u0259rhal geri d\u00f6nm\u0259li idil\u0259r. Tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, daxild\u0259 bir s\u0131ra probleml\u0259r ya\u015fayan nasist rejimi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bel\u0259 u\u011fursuzluq h\u0259tta \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259rdi. Lakin Fransa hadis\u0259y\u0259 Britaniya il\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 b\u0259yanatla cavab verm\u0259kl\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259ndi.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1938-ci ilin mart\u0131nda Almaniya Avstriyan\u0131n ilhaq\u0131n\u0131 (an\u015fl\u00fcs) h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdi v\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Avropada n\u0259h\u0259ng d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Bundan sonra is\u0259 Hitlerin n\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259ri \u00c7exoslovakiyaya do\u011fru y\u00f6n\u0259ldi.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00c7exoslovakiya d\u00f6vl\u0259ti Birinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6vlad\u0131 idi v\u0259 Avstriya-Macar\u0131stan imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Qalib d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin m\u0259\u011flub Avstriya il\u0259 1919-cu ild\u0259 imzalad\u0131qlar\u0131 Sen-Jermen m\u00fcqavil\u0259si \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n \u0259razisini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Sudet vilay\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 suverenliyini tan\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sudet vilay\u0259tinin \u0259halisinin 90%-ni almanlar t\u0259\u015fkil edirdil\u0259r. \u00dcmum\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 onlar\u0131n say\u0131 3,5 milyon idi. Bunlardan 2,8 milyonu Sudetd\u0259, 0,7 milyonu is\u0259 Karpat Ukraynas\u0131 adlanan \u0259razid\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"M\u00fcnhen
\n M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Almanlar say bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7exl\u0259rd\u0259n sonra ikinci, h\u0259tta iki titul xalqdan biri olan slovaklardan \u00e7ox idil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ki, \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin 46%-ni \u00e7exl\u0259r, 28%-ni almanlar, 13%-ni slovaklar, 8%-ni macarlar, yerd\u0259 qalan\u0131n\u0131 is\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n ukraynal\u0131lar, polyaklar v\u0259 y\u0259hudil\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Avstriya-Macar\u0131stan imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 imtiyazl\u0131 t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259 hesab olunan almanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 yuxar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 baxd\u0131qlar\u0131 slavyan xalq\u0131n\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259tini q\u0259bul etm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tin idi. R\u0259smi Praqa m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n mill\u0259t\u00e7ilik elementl\u0259rin\u0259 yol vers\u0259 d\u0259, almanlar\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259min edilm\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin bu, onlar\u0131 tam qane etmir, Almaniyaya birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k meylini z\u0259ifl\u0259tmirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya iqtisadi b\u00f6hran\u0131 daha \u00e7ox s\u0259nayel\u0259\u015fmi\u015f Sudet vilay\u0259tin\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. 30-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiyadak\u0131 i\u015fsizl\u0259rin 60%-ni almanlar t\u0259\u015fkil edirdil\u0259r. \u00dcst\u0259lik, Almaniyada nasistl\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259si Sudet almanlar\u0131n\u0131n separat\u00e7\u0131 meyll\u0259rini daha da g\u00fccl\u0259ndirdi. Bu meyli Konrad Henleynin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi Sudet alman partiyas\u0131 (SdP) ifad\u0259 edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1938-ci il mart\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Henleyn Berlind\u0259 Hitlerl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr v\u0259 ondan \u00c7exoslovakiya r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yi t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r qald\u0131rmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259limat al\u0131r. Aprelin 24-d\u0259 SdP a\u00e7\u0131qlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Karlsbad proqram\u0131nda Sudet vilay\u0259ti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn muxtariyy\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Prezident Eduard Bene\u015f alman azl\u0131\u011f\u0131na daha \u00e7ox h\u00fcquqlar verm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu, lakin muxtariyy\u0259ti q\u0259bul etm\u0259diyni bildirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n May\u0131n 22-n\u0259 planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259ri \u0259traf\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r birinci Sudet b\u00f6hran\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. SdP bu se\u00e7kil\u0259ri Sudetin Almaniyaya birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda plebisit\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259yi planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Eyni zamanda alman qo\u015funlar\u0131 \u00c7exoslovakiya s\u0259rh\u0259din\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Praqa buna nisbi s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rlikl\u0259 cavab verdi. \u00c7exoslovakiya il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 yard\u0131m haqq\u0131nda sazi\u015fi olan Fransa v\u0259 SSR\u0130 k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdil\u0259r. H\u0259tta Hitlerin yax\u0131n dostu Mussolininin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi \u0130taliya da g\u00fcc t\u0259tbiqin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. H\u0259rbi g\u00fcc il\u0259 daha \u00e7ox blef ed\u0259n, \u0259slind\u0259 Almaniyan\u0131n h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan Hitler geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259li oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bununla bel\u0259, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcn sonra f\u00fcrer \u00c7exoslovakiyaya qar\u015f\u0131 kod ad\u0131 “Ya\u015f\u0131l variant” olan h\u00fccum plan\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlamaq g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fini verdi. Plana g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar \u0259n geci oktyabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 ba\u015flamal\u0131 idi. Bu niyy\u0259t vermaxt generalitetinin bir hiss\u0259sinin etiraz\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Etiraz\u00e7\u0131lar hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, \u00c7exoslovakiya v\u0259 Fransaya qar\u015f\u0131 iki c\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259 lab\u00fcd m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 aparacaq.\n<\/p>\n

\n Mahir t\u0259bli\u011fat ustas\u0131 olan nasistl\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn yay \u0259rzind\u0259 \u00f6z q\u0259zetl\u0259rind\u0259 Sudet almanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7exoslovakiyada guya \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdikl\u0259ri v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 uydurma m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259rc edir, bununla da \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n ictimai fikrin\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Berlind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259n Henleyn v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri t\u0259xribatlara cavab olaraq \u00c7exoslovakiya polisi SdP-d\u0259n parlament\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f iki deputat\u0131 sentyabr\u0131n 7-d\u0259 h\u0259bs etdi. Bununla da ikinci Sudet b\u00f6hran\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 Nasist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n N\u00fcrnberqd\u0259ki toplant\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n Hitler \u00c7exoslovakiya Respublikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7exl\u0259rin hegemonluq etdiyi, slovak, polyak v\u0259 macarlar\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n pozuldu\u011fu (halbuki h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n Ba\u015f naziri Milan Hodza slovak idi), almanlar\u0131n is\u0259 az qala genosid\u0259 u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi t\u0259svir etdi. F\u00fcrer Almaniya d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olaraq Sudet almanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259rat\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259yin h\u00fcququnu m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259yini bildirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n SdP-n\u0131n davam ed\u0259n t\u0259xribatlar\u0131 Praqan\u0131 sentyabr\u0131n 13-d\u0259 vilay\u0259t\u0259 qo\u015fun yeritm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259rbi v\u0259ziyy\u0259t elan\u0131na vadar etdi. B\u0259zi yerl\u0259rd\u0259 silah i\u015fl\u0259dildi. Bu hadis\u0259 Almaniyan\u0131n nasist r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin n\u00f6vb\u0259ti \u015f\u00fcv\u0259nin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Problemi m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin Ba\u015f naziri Nevil \u00c7emberlen t\u0259cili Berlin\u0259 u\u00e7du.
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\n Almaniyada nasistl\u0259r hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259n b\u0259ri \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin ba\u015f nazirl\u0259ri olan Ceyms Ramsey Makdonald (1931-1935) v\u0259 Stenli Bolduin (1935-1937) n\u0259yin bahas\u0131na olursa olsun yeni m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n qa\u00e7maq, t\u0259cav\u00fczkar\u0131 sakitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k siyas\u0259ti y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. 1937-1940-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259ki Ba\u015f nazir Nevill \u00c7emberlen bu siyas\u0259ti daha yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259tbiq\u0259 layiq olan bir inadla h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 15-d\u0259 \u00c7emberlenl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 Hitler Sudet probleminin yaln\u0131z v\u0259 yaln\u0131z \u00f6z m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259rat\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259yin etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259ll oluna bil\u0259c\u0259yini a\u00e7\u0131qlad\u0131. \u00c7emberlen h\u00f6kum\u0259t \u00fczvl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn el\u0259 h\u0259min g\u00fcn Londona qay\u0131td\u0131. Ert\u0259si g\u00fcn Fransan\u0131n Ba\u015f naziri Eduard Daladye d\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 paytaxt\u0131na g\u0259ldi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 17-d\u0259 Hitler Sudet almanlar\u0131ndan silahl\u0131 k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin – fraykorun yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fini verdi. Bu d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r guya alman \u0259halisini \u00c7exoslovakiya h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin repressiyalar\u0131ndan qorumal\u0131 idi. \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259 sabitliyi sars\u0131tmal\u0131, h\u00f6kum\u0259t binalar\u0131na h\u00fccum etm\u0259li v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti m\u0259hz repressiyalara t\u0259hrik etm\u0259li idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 18-d\u0259 birg\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransa \u00c7exoslovakiya h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 sakinl\u0259rinin yar\u0131dan \u00e7oxu alman olan rayonlar\u0131 Almaniyaya g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 getm\u0259yi t\u0259klif etdi. Bunun \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin qalan \u0259razisinin toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na z\u0259man\u0259t verilirdi. Bu d\u0259f\u0259 \u0130taliya da Almaniyan\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin n\u00fcfuzlu siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259n Uinston \u00c7\u00f6r\u00e7ill “sakitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259” siyas\u0259tinin \u0259leyhin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xaraq h\u0259min g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 b\u0259yan etdi: “S\u00f6hb\u0259t t\u0259kc\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n deyil, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 demokratiyas\u0131na t\u0259hdidd\u0259n gedir. Ki\u00e7ik d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri canavarlara qurban verm\u0259kl\u0259 guya t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliy\u0259 nail olunaca\u011f\u0131na \u00fcmid b\u0259sl\u0259m\u0259k – m\u0259\u015fum yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131qd\u0131r”.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ngilis-frans\u0131z t\u0259klifl\u0259rini q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259n Bene\u015f h\u00f6kum\u0259ti h\u0259rbi konflikt ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 halda SSR\u0130-nin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Moskvaya m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdi. Sovet qurulu\u015funa qar\u015f\u0131 antipatiyama baxmayaraq qeyd etm\u0259liy\u0259m ki, Sudet b\u00f6hran\u0131 zaman\u0131 irad bildirilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k yegan\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 SSR\u0130 idi. Moskva h\u0259tta Fransan\u0131n imtinas\u0131 \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 bel\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiyaya yard\u0131m etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu bildirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin sovet-\u00e7exoslovak m\u00fctt\u0259fiqliyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas mane\u0259 ondan ibar\u0259t idi ki, o zaman bu iki \u00f6lk\u0259 h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259d deyildi. \u00c7exoslovakiyaya k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 getm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 ya Pol\u015fan\u0131n, ya da Rum\u0131niyan\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259n ke\u00e7m\u0259li idil\u0259r. Onlar is\u0259 buna icaz\u0259 vermirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, \u00c7exoslovakiya \u0259traf\u0131nda c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r zaman\u0131 Pol\u015fa hakimiyy\u0259tinin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 x\u00fcsusi qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Var\u015fava bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar Almaniyan\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir, \u00c7exoslovakiyadan Te\u015fin Sileziyas\u0131 vilay\u0259tini qoparma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 SSR\u0130-nin \u00c7exoslovakiyaya yard\u0131m etm\u0259sind\u0259 maraql\u0131 deyildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Halbuki sad\u0259c\u0259 x\u0259rit\u0259y\u0259 baxmaq kifay\u0259tdir ki, Sudet vilay\u0259tinin, sonra da \u00c7exiyan\u0131n Almaniyan\u0131n t\u0259rkibin\u0259 qat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Pol\u015fan\u0131n strateji v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r pisl\u0259\u015fdirdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259n. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dahi strateq olmaq laz\u0131m deyildi. He\u00e7 bir il ke\u00e7m\u0259d\u0259n Almaniya h\u0259m d\u0259 Sudet \u0259razisind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k daha b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259razid\u0259 Pol\u015faya qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlara ba\u015flad\u0131.
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\n Sentyabr\u0131n son dekadas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flanmas\u0131 il\u0259 Sudet problemi \u0259traf\u0131nda v\u0259ziyy\u0259t daha da g\u0259rginl\u0259\u015fir. \u0130ngilis-frans\u0131z t\u0259klifl\u0259rinin q\u0259buluna meyll\u0259n\u0259n Milan Hodza h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u00fcmummilli t\u0259til n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 istefa verdi. General Yan S\u0131rov\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259t \u00fcmumi s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rlik elan edir. \u018fhali bu q\u0259rar\u0131 co\u015f\u011fu il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131; 24 saat \u0259rzind\u0259 bir milyondan art\u0131q insan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Hitler is\u0259 ultimatum ver\u0259r\u0259k sentyabr\u0131n 28-i saat 14.00-a q\u0259d\u0259r Sudetin Almaniyaya verilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259linm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yi t\u0259qdird\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. H\u0259min g\u00fcn s\u0259h\u0259r guya Mussolinin xahi\u015fi il\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n ba\u015flanmas\u0131 bir g\u00fcn t\u0259xir\u0259 sal\u0131nd\u0131. Eyni zamanda \u00c7emberlen f\u00fcreri \u0259min etdi ki, o, ist\u0259dikl\u0259rini t\u0259cili v\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259siz \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259k.
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\n Hitlerin t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 sentyabr\u0131n 29-da M\u00fcnhend\u0259 Almaniya, \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259, Fransa v\u0259 \u0130taliyan\u0131n h\u00f6kum\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 konfrans ba\u015flad\u0131. Guya \u0130taliyan\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259 tamamil\u0259 Hitlerin ist\u0259kl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan plan m\u00fczakir\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259 burax\u0131lmayan \u00c7exoslovakiya n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259 qap\u0131 arxas\u0131nda g\u00f6zl\u0259yirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 30-da gec\u0259 saat 1-d\u0259 imzalanan M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi Sudet vilay\u0259tinin oradak\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259mlakla birg\u0259 Almaniyaya verilm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. Yaln\u0131z bundan sonra \u00c7exoslovakiya n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri ota\u011fa d\u0259v\u0259t olundular v\u0259 \u00f6z i\u015ftiraklar\u0131 olmadan bar\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lan h\u00f6kml\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f edildil\u0259r. Bu h\u00f6km\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 oktyabr\u0131n 1-10 tarixl\u0259rind\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiya Sudeti t\u0259rk etm\u0259li, onun yerini is\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 alman qo\u015funlar\u0131 tutmal\u0131 idi. Praqa h\u0259m\u00e7inin Pol\u015fa v\u0259 Macar\u0131stan\u0131n \u0259razi iddialar\u0131n\u0131 da t\u0259min etm\u0259li idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bunun m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiya dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259rbi sazi\u015fl\u0259rini l\u0259\u011fv ed\u0259r\u0259k bit\u0259r\u0259f d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259c\u0259kdi. M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fini imzalayan d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r is\u0259 onun t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rinin toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na t\u0259minat verirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n h\u0259rbi potensial\u0131 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k idi: Almaniyan\u0131n 47 diviziyas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 45 diviziyas\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00d6lk\u0259nin h\u0259rbi zavodlar\u0131 h\u0259r ay 3000 \u0259l v\u0259 1600 d\u0259zgahl\u0131 pulemyot, 200 top, 7 min qranatomyot, 130 min t\u00fcf\u0259ng, xeyli tank v\u0259 t\u0259yyar\u0259 istehsal edirdi. D\u00fcnya silah v\u0259 sursat ticar\u0259tinin 40%-i \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc.\n<\/p>\n

\n Buna baxmayaraq, \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransa h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259rinin \u00f6z m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f x\u0259yan\u0259ti il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259n, Pol\u015fa v\u0259 Rum\u0131niyan\u0131n m\u00f6vqeyi s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n SSR\u0130-d\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k ala bilm\u0259y\u0259n \u00c7exoslovakiya h\u00f6kum\u0259ti, t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, t\u0259cav\u00fczkara t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259t etm\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiya \u0259razisinin 20, \u0259halisinin 25, a\u011f\u0131r s\u0259nayesinin 50, metallurgiya s\u0259nayesinin is\u0259 70%-ni itirirdi. Almaniya il\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d indi Praqadan c\u0259mi 40 km-lik m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259 ke\u00e7irdi. B\u00fct\u00fcn istehkamlar Sudetd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259 faktiki olaraq m\u00fcdafi\u0259siz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 30-da h\u0259m\u00e7inin h\u00fccum etm\u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 abzasdan ibar\u0259t ingilis-alman b\u0259yannam\u0259si imzaland\u0131. Fransa il\u0259 analoji s\u0259n\u0259d dekabrda imzaland\u0131. \u0130ki Q\u0259rb demokratiyas\u0131n\u0131n M\u00fcnhen r\u0259zal\u0259ti m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 etdikl\u0259ri bu s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r oldu. Hans\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ki, Hitler he\u00e7 ciddi q\u0259bul etmirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Londona qay\u0131dan \u00c7emberlen hava liman\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259tbuat konfrans\u0131nda ingilis-alman b\u0259yannam\u0259sini \u0259lind\u0259 yell\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k “m\u0259n siz\u0259 bir insan n\u0259sli \u0259rzind\u0259 s\u00fclh g\u0259tirmi\u015f\u0259m” s\u00f6yl\u0259di. AB\u015e prezidenti Ruzvelt \u00c7emberlen\u0259 bir s\u00f6zd\u0259n ibar\u0259t teleqram g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi: “Af\u0259rin”. Bu zaman \u0130kinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flanmas\u0131na c\u0259mi 11 ay qal\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Uinston \u00c7\u00f6r\u00e7ill M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fini bel\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh edirdi: “B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya m\u00fcharib\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259r\u0259fsizlik aras\u0131nda se\u00e7im etm\u0259li idi. O, \u015f\u0259r\u0259fsizliyi se\u00e7di v\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259ni d\u0259 alacaq”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Adolf Hitler M\u00fcnhend\u0259 verdiyi t\u0259minat\u0131n \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq Sudetl\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259di. 1939-cu ilin mart\u0131n 14-d\u0259 Almaniyan\u0131n t\u0259hriki il\u0259 Slovakiya \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etdi. \u00c7exiya is\u0259 Almaniya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal edildi, Bohemiya v\u0259 Moraviya protektorat\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransa h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259ri bu hadis\u0259y\u0259 bel\u0259 reaksiya verdil\u0259r: t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliy\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na t\u0259minat b\u00fct\u00f6v \u00c7exoslovakiya d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 verilmi\u015fdi. Onun par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259ri d\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259d\u0259n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00c7exiyan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 Almaniyan\u0131n h\u0259m strateji m\u00f6vqel\u0259rini g\u00fccl\u0259ndirdi, h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259rbi potensial\u0131n\u0131 xeyli art\u0131rd\u0131. Hitler \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n birind\u0259 \u00c7exiyada 1582 t\u0259yyar\u0259nin, 581 tank \u0259leyhin\u0259 topun, 2175 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif kalibrli artilleriyan\u0131n, 735 minomyotun, 500 zenit silahlar\u0131n\u0131n, 486 a\u011f\u0131r tank\u0131n, 42876 pulemyotun, 114 min tapan\u00e7an\u0131n, 1 milyondan art\u0131q t\u00fcf\u0259ngin \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irildiyini bildirirdi. N\u0259h\u0259ng h\u0259rbi zavodlar da Almaniyaya qism\u0259t oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Avropan\u0131n tam m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259t ortadan qald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, \u00e7ox hiss\u0259si Almaniyan\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259tin\u0259 ke\u00e7di. \u00d6z\u00fc d\u0259 buna dem\u0259k olar ki, at\u0259\u015fsiz v\u0259 qurbans\u0131z nail olundu (yaln\u0131z bir yerd\u0259 silahl\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rildi v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 6 alman \u0259sg\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc). \u00d6z yax\u0131n \u0259traf\u0131 il\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t zaman\u0131 Hitler hadis\u0259ni bel\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh etdi: Lov\u011fal\u0131q olmas\u0131n, amma m\u0259n bunu \u00e7ox eleqant \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdim.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n s\u00fcqutu Hitler \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn eleqant oldu\u011fu q\u0259d\u0259r \u00c7emberlen v\u0259 Daladye \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, onlar\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdikl\u0259ri \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn biab\u0131r\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q idi. M\u00fcnhen r\u0259zal\u0259ti Q\u0259rb demokratiyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 bir l\u0259k\u0259 kimi qald\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sudet almanlar\u0131 Almaniyaya birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rini b\u00f6y\u00fck ruh y\u00fcks\u0259kliyi il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131lar. Sonralar \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc reyxin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 sudetlil\u0259r \u0259n nasisty\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc \u0259hali say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131n 17,34%-i NSDAP \u00fczv\u00fc idi. Halbuki b\u00fct\u00fcn Almaniya \u00fczr\u0259 bu r\u0259q\u0259m 7,85%-\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130kinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Sudet \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n t\u0259rkibin\u0259 qaytar\u0131ld\u0131. Sudet almanlar\u0131 nasizm\u0259 yuvarlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259v\u0259zini a\u011f\u0131r \u00f6d\u0259dil\u0259r. Onlar \u00c7exoslovakiyadan deportasiya olundular, bu zaman b\u0259z\u0259n x\u00fcsusi q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011fa, h\u0259tta q\u0259tll\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131lar. Konrad Henleyn is\u0259 1945-ci ilin may\u0131nda amerikal\u0131lara \u0259sir d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc, s\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eyn\u0259yinin \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259si il\u0259 damarlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259s\u0259r\u0259k intihar etdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015finin imzalanmas\u0131ndan 80 il \u00f6td\u00fc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":110471,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-191935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analitika","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/munhen-sazisi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00fcnhen sazi\u015fi - 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