{"id":191641,"date":"2018-09-12T22:19:06","date_gmt":"2018-09-12T22:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/bakinin-qurtulusu-100\/"},"modified":"2018-09-12T22:19:06","modified_gmt":"2018-09-12T22:19:06","slug":"bakinin-qurtulusu-100","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/bakinin-qurtulusu-100\/","title":{"rendered":"Bak\u0131n\u0131n qurtulu\u015fu \u2013 100"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"1918-ci
\n 1918-ci il, Bak\u0131n\u0131n qurtulu\u015fu
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n \u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fc Milli \u015eura elan ed\u0259n Zaqafqaziya seyminin m\u00fcs\u0259lman fraksiyas\u0131 1918-ci ilin may\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0130stiqlaliyy\u0259t B\u0259yannam\u0259sini q\u0259bul etdi. B\u0259yannam\u0259nin ilk madd\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin \u0259razisinin C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n c\u0259nub v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rq \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t oldu\u011fu g\u00f6st\u0259rilirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin bu \u0259razinin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli hiss\u0259si – X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin Qubadan Astaraya q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn sahilboyu \u0259razil\u0259ri Stepan \u015eaumyan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Bak\u0131 Sovetinin \u0259sar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda idi. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 yaln\u0131z Bak\u0131 v\u0259 Ab\u015feron yar\u0131madas\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259t ed\u0259n bu yar\u0131mh\u0259rbi xunta mart-aprel aylar\u0131nda h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259ri tutmu\u015f, bir \u00e7ox yerd\u0259 dinc m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259haliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259vi q\u0259tliamlar t\u00f6r\u0259tmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin elan\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r milli h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n liderl\u0259ri Bak\u0131 Sovetin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm v\u0259zif\u0259 hesab edirdil\u0259r. \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn orduda xidm\u0259t m\u0259cburi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n h\u0259rbi potensial\u0131 olduqca z\u0259if idi v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 y\u00fcz zabit hey\u0259tind\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi. M\u0259hz bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n yard\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259k ideyas\u0131 yarand\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130stiqlaliyy\u0259tin elan\u0131ndan bir h\u0259ft\u0259 sonra, iyunun 4-d\u0259 Batumda Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin h\u0259r biri il\u0259 ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131l\u0131qda “S\u00fclh v\u0259 dostluq haqq\u0131nda” m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalad\u0131 (Pol\u015fa tarix\u00e7isi, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis Tadeu\u015f Svetoxovski qeyd edirdi ki, m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin ad\u0131ndak\u0131 “dostluq” s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yaln\u0131z Osmanl\u0131-Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 aid etm\u0259k olard\u0131).\n<\/p>\n

\n Osmanl\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u018fdal\u0259t (\u0259dliyy\u0259) naziri Halil Mente\u015fe v\u0259 3-c\u00fc ordunun komandan\u0131 Mehmet Vehib pa\u015fan\u0131n, Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n is\u0259 Milli \u015eura s\u0259dri M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d \u018fmin R\u0259sulzad\u0259nin v\u0259 xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri M\u0259mm\u0259d H\u0259s\u0259n Hac\u0131nskinin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin IV madd\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259r\u0259finin ist\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yi halda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n “daxili intizam v\u0259 asayi\u015fin t\u0259mini \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259r\u0259kli silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259yl\u0259” yard\u0131m etm\u0259sini ehtiva edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu zaman Bak\u0131 Sovetinin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi Az\u0259rbaycan istiqlal\u0131n\u0131n elan\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 Tbilisid\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n milli h\u00f6kum\u0259tin ilk diplomatik add\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fvi\u015fl\u0259 izl\u0259yirdi. H\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259r yaratma\u011fa imkan verm\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Sovetin h\u0259rbi-d\u0259niz komissar\u0131 Qriqori Korqanov iyunun 12-d\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 h\u00fccuma ba\u015flamaq \u0259mri verdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Daha \u00f6nc\u0259, iyunun 6-da is\u0259 \u015eaumyan G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan parlamentinin s\u0259dri Noy Jordaniyaya m\u0259ktub g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycana k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k t\u00fcrk d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6z \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259n buraxmamaqlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b etdi. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, Brest-Litovsk s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin ba\u011flanmas\u0131ndan sonra bol\u015fevik Rusiyas\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 malik Almaniya da t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259sini ist\u0259mir, bunun Brest-Litovsk m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rini pozaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Problemin \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 \u0259min olan Xoyski h\u00f6kum\u0259ti is\u0259 art\u0131q t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015fdi. Yard\u0131ma t\u0259l\u0259s\u0259n 5-ci Qafqaz diviziyas\u0131n\u0131n (komandan M\u00fcrs\u0259l pa\u015fa) yolunu iyunun 10-da Bor\u00e7al\u0131da birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f alman-g\u00fcrc\u00fc q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri k\u0259sdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sayca \u00fcst\u00fcn olan t\u00fcrkl\u0259r q\u0131sa toqqu\u015fmadan sonra bu q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259rkisilah ed\u0259r\u0259k yoluna davam etdil\u0259r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, h\u0259l\u0259 davam ed\u0259n Birinci cahan sava\u015f\u0131 zaman\u0131 d\u00f6rd il m\u00fctt\u0259fiqlik ed\u0259n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 Almaniya Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 ixtilaf ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Ba\u015f ver\u0259n insidentd\u0259n incik d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Tbilisini t\u0259rk etm\u0259sini ist\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130yunun 16-da G\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259n h\u00f6kum\u0259t d\u0259rhal ciddi b\u00f6hranla \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdi. Bel\u0259 ki, yerli kapitalistl\u0259rin v\u0259 m\u00fclk\u0259darlar\u0131n xeyli hiss\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Milli \u015euran\u0131n – dolay\u0131s\u0131yla orada \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n M\u00fcsavat Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n – ideyalar\u0131 v\u0259 islahatlar\u0131 h\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q inqilabi idi. Onlara T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin monarxist v\u0259 feodal ictimai qurulu\u015fu daha yax\u0131n idi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 onlar aras\u0131nda tezlikl\u0259 “ilhaq\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q” – Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si ideyas\u0131 populyarla\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131 t\u00fcrk qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015f komandan\u0131 Nuri pa\u015faya, b\u00fct\u00fcn xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcqabilind\u0259, “b\u00f6y\u00fck qarda\u015f” \u0259dalar\u0131 yad deyildi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 “ilhaq\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q” ideyalar\u0131na isti yana\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Pa\u015fa Milli \u015euran\u0131n v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tin burax\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259tin \u00f6z \u0259lind\u0259 c\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259sini ist\u0259yirdi. Lakin Az\u0259rbaycan liderl\u0259ri, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 sonralar sovet tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n qat\u0131 pant\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc kimi q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ver\u0259c\u0259yi m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcst\u0259qillik v\u0259 suverenlik ideyalar\u0131 sars\u0131lmaz, ilhaq\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q q\u0259buledilm\u0259z idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Q\u0131z\u011f\u0131n m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra kompromis \u0259ld\u0259 olundu: F\u0259t\u0259li xan Xoyskinin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi il\u0259 yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259t yarad\u0131l\u0131r (bu zaman b\u0259zi kadr t\u0259yinatlar\u0131nda Nuri pa\u015fan\u0131n da fikirl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131r, h\u0259rbi nazirlik l\u0259\u011fv edilir), Milli \u015eura is\u0259 \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini dayand\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, demokratiyan\u0131n m\u00fchafiz\u0259karlar qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si idi, lakin Bak\u0131n\u0131n azad olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kompromisin alternativi yox idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu zaman is\u0259 Avetisyan, Qazaryan v\u0259 Amazasp\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdikl\u0259ri Sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 G\u0259nc\u0259 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259 davam edirdil\u0259r. H\u00fccum yerli \u0259haliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 zorak\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunurdu. H\u0259tta Bak\u0131 Soveti s\u0259drinin o\u011flu Suren \u015eaumyan sonralar bunu etiraf ed\u0259c\u0259kdi: “Yerli \u0259haliy\u0259 h\u0259qar\u0259tli davran\u0131\u015f, m\u00fcsadir\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nin xeyrin\u0259 casusluq b\u0259han\u0259sil\u0259, \u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara nifr\u0259td\u0259n do\u011fan aras\u0131k\u0259silm\u0259z edamlar s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n onlar (erm\u0259ni komandirl\u0259r – Y.S.) sovet h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u0259nfi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t do\u011fura bil\u0259rdil\u0259r”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Tadeu\u015f Svetoxovski d\u0259 qar\u0259t, zorak\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 edamlarla m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunan h\u0259rbi y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn “k\u0259ndlil\u0259r aras\u0131nda bol\u015fevikl\u0259r\u0259 r\u0259\u011fb\u0259tin \u0259n ki\u00e7icik t\u0259zah\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bel\u0259 m\u0259hv etdi\u201dyini yaz\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Milli h\u00f6kum\u0259t c\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin m\u00fcdafi\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tini g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259td\u0259n savay\u0131 da add\u0131mlar at\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130yunun 23-d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259rzisind\u0259 h\u0259rbi v\u0259ziyy\u0259t elan edildi, 26-da ilk “\u0259lahidd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan korpusu” yarad\u0131ld\u0131, avqustun 11-d\u0259 \u00fcmumi s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rlik elan edildi: 1894-1899-cu ill\u0259r t\u0259v\u0259ll\u00fcdl\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcs\u0259lman ki\u015fil\u0259r orduya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131. Eyni zamanda \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259ki osmanl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin d\u0259 say\u0131 hiss\u0259-hiss\u0259 art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Nuri pa\u015fa Vehib pa\u015faya m\u0259ktubunda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar bar\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “\u018fsg\u0259rliy\u0259 getm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n \u00e7ox insan olsa da, paltar, silah, sursat yoxdur”. Pa\u015fa silah-sursat, paltarla yana\u015f\u0131 g\u0259nc Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 h\u0259rbi t\u0259lim ke\u00e7m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259r\u0259k\u0259n sayda ki\u00e7ik zabit hey\u0259tinin g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259sini ist\u0259yirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259n t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin say\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif, lakin el\u0259 d\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r s\u0259sl\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck Sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 olub. Yaln\u0131z Bak\u0131ya son h\u00fccum \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 daha bir qrup Osmanl\u0131 qo\u015fun d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin g\u0259lm\u0259si v\u0259 s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rlik say\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin artmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda tarazl\u0131q yarand\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259r iki t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 18 min\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131nda aeroplanlar, zirehli qatarlar olan Bak\u0131 Soveti texniki bax\u0131mdan \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u0259 malik idi. Lakin t\u00fcrkl\u0259r daha b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259rbi t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259y\u0259, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar is\u0259 do\u011fma torpaqlar\u0131n azad olunmas\u0131 arzusuna malik idil\u0259r. M\u00fcsavat\u0131n Bak\u0131dak\u0131 strukturlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n toplanan k\u0259\u015ffiyyat m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 da Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusuna xeyli k\u00f6m\u0259k edirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n gedi\u015find\u0259 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f 27 iyun – 1 iyul tarixind\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7ay \u0259traf\u0131nda ged\u0259n d\u00f6rdg\u00fcnl\u00fck sava\u015fda ba\u015f verdi. \u015eidd\u0259tli d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n sonra Sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fccumu durduruldu v\u0259 onlar m\u00fcdafi\u0259y\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qald\u0131lar. Bu andan etibar\u0259n t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r art\u0131q Bak\u0131 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 – Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusu ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259y\u0259, bol\u015fevikl\u0259r geril\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u015eaumyan\u0131n Moskvaya t\u0259la\u015f dolu m\u00fcraci\u0259tin\u0259 cavab olaraq Qriqori Petrovun d\u0259st\u0259si v\u0259 bir q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 h\u0259rbi sursat g\u00f6nd\u0259rildi. Getdikc\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan v\u0259ziyy\u0259t komissarlar\u0131 ideoloji d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyi unudaraq milli-dini yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verm\u0259y\u0259 vadar etdi. A\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 polkovnik Lazar Bi\u00e7eraxovun 1,5 minlik d\u0259st\u0259si d\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259sin\u0259 c\u0259lb edildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar Bak\u0131 Sovetin\u0259 c\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259ki v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti sabitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k imkan\u0131 verm\u0259di. \u0130yulun 20-d\u0259 Bak\u0131 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259ki \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259r – \u015eamax\u0131 azad edildi. Avqustun 2-d\u0259 Bil\u0259c\u0259ri \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irildi. Avqustun 3-d\u0259 M\u00fcrs\u0259l pa\u015fa Bak\u0131dak\u0131 Erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131na ultimatum g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. Ultimatumda \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc t\u0259slim olaca\u011f\u0131 halda milliyy\u0259tind\u0259n v\u0259 dinind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq b\u00fct\u00fcn sakinl\u0259rin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 t\u0259minat verilirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n “M\u00fcqavim\u0259tin davam ed\u0259c\u0259yi halda \u015f\u0259h\u0259r onsuz da al\u0131nacaq, bu zaman t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n qanlara v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259n ziyana g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259t sizin \u00fcz\u0259riniz\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259k”, – dey\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 qeyd edilirdi. Lakin Erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi ultimatuma cavab verm\u0259di.\n<\/p>\n

\n Yaln\u0131z m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015f\u0259n beyn\u0259lxalq v\u0259ziyy\u0259t ucbat\u0131ndan Bak\u0131n\u0131n qurtulu\u015fu xeyli l\u0259ngidi. Rusiyan\u0131n bol\u015fevik r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi Bak\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259sin\u0259 h\u0259rbi k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bilm\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, Almaniya il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Sonuncunun \u00f6z m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259ri T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259zyiqi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusu Bak\u0131ya son h\u00fccumu t\u0259xir\u0259 salmal\u0131 oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Avqustun 27-d\u0259 Berlind\u0259 Almaniya v\u0259 Rusiya aras\u0131nda Brest-Litovsk m\u00fcqavil\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq m\u0259xfi raz\u0131la\u015fma imzaland\u0131. S\u0259n\u0259din 14-c\u00fc madd\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, Almaniya Bak\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6vl\u0259t (Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulurdu) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n al\u0131nmas\u0131na imkan verm\u0259y\u0259cini \u00f6hd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bunun \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 is\u0259 Rusiya Bak\u0131da hasil olunan neftin 1\/4 hiss\u0259sini Almaniyaya pulsuz ver\u0259c\u0259kdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259xfiliyin\u0259 baxmayaraq, raz\u0131la\u015fma haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat tezlikl\u0259 \u0130stanbula \u00e7atd\u0131. Bu zaman Osmanl\u0131 paytaxt\u0131nda olan Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti (M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d \u018fmin R\u0259sulzad\u0259, X\u0259lil b\u0259y Xasm\u0259mm\u0259dov v\u0259 Aslan b\u0259y S\u0259fik\u00fcrdskid\u0259n ibar\u0259t) x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259rt reaksiya verdil\u0259r. Yerli q\u0259zetl\u0259rin birin\u0259 m\u00fcsahib\u0259 ver\u0259n R\u0259sulzad\u0259 qeyd etdi ki, Bak\u0131n\u0131n qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan imtinadan s\u00f6hb\u0259t bel\u0259 ged\u0259 bilm\u0259z: “Bak\u0131s\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan – ba\u015fs\u0131z b\u0259d\u0259n kimidir”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, raz\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n Bak\u0131ya aid hiss\u0259sinin icras\u0131 onsuz da m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u00fcz idi, \u00e7\u00fcnki bol\u015fevikl\u0259r bu zaman Bak\u0131ya n\u0259zar\u0259ti art\u0131q itirmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Bak\u0131 Sovetinin 25 iyul tarixli iclas\u0131nda \u0130randa yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n ingilis q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin Bak\u0131ya d\u0259v\u0259t olunmas\u0131 t\u0259klifi 259 s\u0259s lehin\u0259, 236 s\u0259s \u0259leyhin\u0259 olmaqla q\u0259bul edildi. Bu \u00fczd\u0259n iyulun 31-d\u0259 \u015eaumyan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Soveti istefa verm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldu. Hakimiyy\u0259t Sentrokaspi diktaturas\u0131 deyil\u0259n qurumun \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7di. Bu qurum is\u0259 eserl\u0259r, men\u015fevikl\u0259r v\u0259 da\u015fnaklardan ibar\u0259t idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Komissarlar avqustun 16-da “\u018frdahan” paroxodu il\u0259 H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana do\u011fru yola d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcl\u0259r. Lakin Sentrokaspi diktaturas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rbi g\u0259mil\u0259ri onlara \u00e7ataraq geri qay\u0131tma\u011fa m\u0259cbur etdil\u0259r. Bak\u0131da komissarlar “xalq pulunun m\u0259sr\u0259fi bar\u0259d\u0259 hesabat verm\u0259d\u0259n qa\u00e7maq c\u0259hdind\u0259, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda c\u0259bh\u0259ni t\u0259rk etm\u0259kd\u0259, m\u00fcdafi\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ruri silah-sursat\u0131 \u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 aparmaqda” ittiham olunaraq h\u0259bs edildil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bir q\u0259d\u0259r ir\u0259liy\u0259 ged\u0259r\u0259k s\u00f6yl\u0259yim ki, Bak\u0131n\u0131n azad olunmas\u0131 \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 komissarlar\u0131 h\u0259bsxanadan buraxd\u0131lar v\u0259 onlar limandan ayr\u0131lan son g\u0259miy\u0259, “T\u00fcrkm\u0259n”\u0259 yeti\u015f\u0259 bildil\u0259r. Lakin g\u0259mi h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcbahis\u0259li olan s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana deyil, Krasnovodska yan ald\u0131. Burada is\u0259 onlar eserl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259bs olundular, Bak\u0131n\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara t\u0259slim etm\u0259kd\u0259 g\u00fcnahland\u0131r\u0131laraq edam edildil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Avqustun \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 general Denstervilin komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1000 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t ingilis h\u0259rbi d\u0259st\u0259si Bak\u0131ya g\u0259ldi. \u0130ngilisl\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 onlar\u0131 d\u0259v\u0259t ed\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259yusluq yaratd\u0131. Denstervil d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcdafi\u0259 imkanlar\u0131na v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n da\u015fnaklardan ibar\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 heyran olmad\u0131. O, \u0259min idi ki, m\u00f6vcud q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 v\u0259 yerli \u0259halinin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti fonunda \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacaq.\n<\/p>\n

\n Yaranm\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan liderl\u0259ri h\u0259s\u0259d apar\u0131lacaq inadkarl\u0131q v\u0259 \u0259zm n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirirdil\u0259r. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan parlamentinin \u00fczv\u00fc, t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r aras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u0131q yaratma\u011fa c\u0259hd ed\u0259n \u0130sidor Rami\u015fvili u\u011fursuzlu\u011fa d\u00fc\u00e7ar olandan sonra qeyd edirdi ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 kompromis m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr, lakin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar Bak\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft bar\u0259d\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259k ist\u0259mirl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n R\u0259sulzad\u0259 \u0130stanbuldan xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri Hac\u0131nskiy\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi teleqramda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “N\u0259yin bahas\u0131na olursa olsun, Bak\u0131 tezlikl\u0259 tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r… Bak\u0131ya do\u011fru h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t yaln\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan ad\u0131ndan olmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti tutmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr olarsa, \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r yarana bil\u0259r”. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti m\u0259ktubunda M\u00fcsavat ba\u015fqan\u0131 vur\u011fulay\u0131rd\u0131: “\u018fg\u0259r Bak\u0131 al\u0131nmazsa, h\u0259r \u015fey bitdi. \u018flvida, Az\u0259rbaycan!”\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 R\u0259sulzad\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti ad\u0131ndan \u0130stanbuldak\u0131 alman s\u0259firliyin\u0259 nota t\u0259qdim ed\u0259r\u0259k 27 avqust raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na etiraz etdi. Bak\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti sadalanan notan\u0131n sonunda bildirilirdi : “B\u00fct\u00fcn bu m\u0259lum s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259…Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259halisi Bak\u0131n\u0131 geri qaytarmaq arzusundan he\u00e7 bir zaman \u0259l \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaln\u0131z \u0259razi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si deyil, \u00f6l\u00fcm-dirim m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdir”.
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\n Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, bu zaman art\u0131q almanlar da Rusiyan\u0131n Bak\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti itirdiyini v\u0259 Bak\u0131 neftind\u0259n he\u00e7 bir pay almayacaqlar\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n onlar da t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri durdurmaq mara\u011f\u0131n\u0131 itirdil\u0259r. \u0130ndi onlar h\u0259tta q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259y\u0259 \u015f\u0259rik olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259rbi yard\u0131m t\u0259klif etdil\u0259r, lakin bunu h\u0259m t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, h\u0259m d\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar r\u0259dd etdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sentyabr\u0131n 15-d\u0259, Qurban bayram\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusu s\u0259h\u0259r tezd\u0259n Bak\u0131ya do\u011fru h\u0259lledici h\u00fccuma ba\u015flad\u0131. M\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti getdikc\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. V\u0259ziyy\u0259tin \u00e7\u0131x\u0131lmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan Denstervil d\u0259st\u0259si g\u0259mil\u0259rin\u0259 min\u0259r\u0259k \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etdi. Ax\u015fama do\u011fru m\u00fcqavim\u0259t s\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusunun az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lardan ibar\u0259t hiss\u0259l\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 daxil oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n R\u0259sulzad\u0259 bu \u015fad x\u0259b\u0259ri Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin h\u0259rbi naziri \u018fnv\u0259r pa\u015fadan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlay\u0131r: “Pa\u015fa h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259ri telefonda dedi: “\u018fmin b\u0259y, Bak\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131” Bu q\u0131sa x\u0259b\u0259rin m\u0259nd\u0259 yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcrat\u0131 t\u0259svir etm\u0259yim imkans\u0131zd\u0131r”.\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin ba\u015f naziri F\u0259t\u0259li xan Xoyski is\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Bizim d\u0259 azad ya\u015famaq h\u00fcququmuz vard\u0131r. He\u00e7 bir zirehli ma\u015f\u0131n, hidroplan, aeroplan, kanonerka, tikanl\u0131 m\u0259ftil, mina v\u0259 dig\u0259r texniki qur\u011fu, he\u00e7 bir ingilis, he\u00e7 bir q\u00fcvv\u0259 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n havadarlar\u0131 tarixin t\u0259bii axar\u0131na mane ola bilm\u0259dil\u0259r”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bir q\u0259d\u0259r sonra Az\u0259rbaycan parlamentinin s\u0259dri se\u00e7il\u0259c\u0259k \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259lledici \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini vur\u011fulay\u0131rd\u0131: “T\u00fcrk s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rinin, d\u00f6vl\u0259timizin paytaxt\u0131 olan Bak\u0131n\u0131n azad edilm\u0259si u\u011frunda apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 u\u011furla ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q m\u00fcbariz\u0259si bizi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin t\u0259minat\u0131na h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259lik olaraq inand\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 arxay\u0131n edir\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130stiqlaliyy\u0259t elan\u0131ndan sonra Bak\u0131n\u0131n qurtulu\u015fu g\u0259nc c\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin tarixind\u0259 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck nailiyy\u0259t idi. Bu hadis\u0259nin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini layiqinc\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Bak\u0131 v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259rsahili dig\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fayan y\u00fczminl\u0259rl\u0259 insan \u0259sar\u0259td\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u0259n qurtuldu, m\u00fcst\u0259sna siyasi, iqtisadi, m\u0259d\u0259ni \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti olan \u015f\u0259h\u0259r V\u0259t\u0259nin a\u011fu\u015funa qaytar\u0131ld\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Tamamil\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ki, 15 sentyabr z\u0259f\u0259ri olmasayd\u0131, bu g\u00fcn Bak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n deyil, Rusiyan\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 olard\u0131. T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 xalq\u0131n\u0131n xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 qurbanlar\u0131 (1000 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n art\u0131q zabit v\u0259 \u0259sg\u0259rin h\u0259lak oldu\u011fu ehtimal edilir) qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015f \u0259ym\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, m\u0259hz Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, onun liderl\u0259rinin irad\u0259si v\u0259 q\u0259tiyy\u0259ti Bak\u0131n\u0131n qurtulu\u015funda h\u0259lledici rol oynad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259hz onlar \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00f6vl\u0259tin – B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya, Rusiya v\u0259 Almaniya – m\u00fcqavim\u0259tin\u0259 baxmayaraq, t\u0259limsiz Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259sg\u0259rinin v\u0259t\u0259nsev\u0259rliyin\u0259 v\u0259 f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin qarda\u015f yard\u0131m\u0131na istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u00fcz\u0259 nail oldular. 5 mind\u0259n art\u0131q \u0259sg\u0259r v\u0259 k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc V\u0259t\u0259nin \u0259razi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan silah\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fi namin\u0259 canlar\u0131n\u0131 qurban verdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259razi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fc u\u011frunda can\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259yini ver\u0259n h\u0259r bir k\u0259s\u0259 sonsuz ehtiramla!\n<\/p>\n

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