{"id":191247,"date":"2018-08-13T20:31:29","date_gmt":"2018-08-13T20:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/berlin-divari\/"},"modified":"2018-08-13T20:31:29","modified_gmt":"2018-08-13T20:31:29","slug":"berlin-divari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/berlin-divari\/","title":{"rendered":"Berlin divar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"13
\n 13 avqust 1961-ci il. \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniya h\u0259rbi\u00e7il\u0259ri s\u0259rh\u0259di ba\u011flay\u0131r
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n 13 avqust 1961-ci il, bazar g\u00fcn\u00fc, Berlin \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri. Sovet i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 zonas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan t\u0259qa\u00fcd\u00e7\u00fc Helmut v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131 Ursula qeyri-i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc olmas\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n ail\u0259sini ziyar\u0259t etm\u0259k, n\u0259v\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 oynamaq ist\u0259yirl\u0259r. O\u011flunun evi uzaqda deyil, eyni k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259nin yuxar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Lakin ora art\u0131q Fransa i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r. Bununla bel\u0259, gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015f dem\u0259k olar ki, s\u0259rb\u0259stdir.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259min g\u00fcn is\u0259 \u0259r v\u0259 arvad k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259nin yaln\u0131z yar\u0131s\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r ged\u0259 bildil\u0259r. Sovet i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131 bit\u0259n yerd\u0259 onlar\u0131 saxlad\u0131lar v\u0259 daha ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini s\u00f6yl\u0259dil\u0259r. Art\u0131q Berlind\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t s\u0259rb\u0259st olmayacaqd\u0131. Berlinin AB\u015e, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131 say\u0131lan hiss\u0259si, bundan sonra Q\u0259rbi Berlin adland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hiss\u0259 Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n dig\u0259r hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n s\u0259rh\u0259d mane\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, d\u00fcn\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r eyni k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fayan ail\u0259 bir g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 tikanl\u0131 m\u0259ftill\u0259r v\u0259 divarla ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 hadis\u0259 il\u0259 eyni vaxtda Berlinin sovet i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 zonas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan daha bir n\u0259f\u0259r – Klaus Taube Q\u0259rbi Berlin\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi. O “Herta” futbol klubunun \u0259sas bombardiri idi v\u0259 “Vaker 04” komandas\u0131 il\u0259 oyuna t\u0259l\u0259sirdi. Lakin onu da \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin ortas\u0131nda duran s\u0259rh\u0259d\u00e7il\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131lar v\u0259 geri qaytard\u0131lar.
\n
\n Taubenin ciddi idman karyeras\u0131na bununla son qoyuldu. Q\u0259rbi Berlinl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan futbol\u00e7unu \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyada he\u00e7 bir g\u00fccl\u00fc komanda \u00f6z t\u0259rkibin\u0259 qatmaq ist\u0259m\u0259di. Taube sevimli komandas\u0131n\u0131n oyunun canl\u0131 sur\u0259td\u0259 yaln\u0131z 29 il sonra, Berlin divar\u0131 ortadan qald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra izl\u0259y\u0259 bildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"Berlin
\n Berlin divar\u0131
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n ***
\n
\n H\u0259l\u0259 1944-c\u00fc ilin sentyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 Amerika Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015etatlar\u0131, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya v\u0259 Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rinin imzalad\u0131qlar\u0131 London protokolu m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonra Almaniyan\u0131n 3 qalib d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin i\u015f\u011fal zonalar\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc reyxin paytaxt\u0131 Berlin \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri sovet i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Lakin London protokoluna g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 sovetl\u0259r t\u0259klikd\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Berlin d\u0259 \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259c\u0259kdi. \u015eimal-\u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259si sovetl\u0259r\u0259, \u015fimal-q\u0259rb hiss\u0259si ingilisl\u0259r\u0259, c\u0259nub hiss\u0259si is\u0259 amerikal\u0131lara \u00e7atacaqd\u0131. 1945-cu ilin fevral\u0131nda “B\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcy\u00fcn” (\u00c7\u00f6r\u00e7ill, Rusvelt, Stalin) Yaltada ke\u00e7irl\u0259n konfrans\u0131nda h\u0259m Almaniyada, h\u0259m d\u0259 Berlind\u0259 d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc – Fransa i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 raz\u0131l\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259 edildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Almaniya \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259d\u0259n sonra, 1945-ci ilin yay\u0131nda m\u00fctt\u0259fiq d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin Berlin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 Potsdam \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n konfrans\u0131nda i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n siyasi prinsipl\u0259ri q\u0259bul edildi. Bu prinsipl\u0259r “D\u00f6rd D” ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131: denasifikasiya – b\u00fct\u00fcn nasist t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n l\u0259\u011fvi; demiltarizasiya – Almaniyan\u0131n tam t\u0259rkisilah edilm\u0259si; demokratikl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 – v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7oxpartiyal\u0131 se\u00e7kil\u0259rin v\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259rpas\u0131; desentralizasiya – s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259n yerl\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259r bir i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131nda h\u0259min d\u00f6vl\u0259tin t\u0259yin etdiyi Ba\u015f komandan ali hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 malik olacaqd\u0131. D\u00f6rd komandan birlikd\u0259 M\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259rin N\u0259zar\u0259t \u015euras\u0131 deyil\u0259n orqan\u0131 yarad\u0131rd\u0131lar. Almaniyan\u0131n s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rini v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259n s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259si imzalanana q\u0259d\u0259r MN\u015e \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259li idi. Lakin qeyd ed\u0259k ki, sonrak\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n siyasi prosesl\u0259r ucbat\u0131ndan Almaniya il\u0259 s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259si he\u00e7 zaman imzalanmad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Potsdam raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131nda deyilirdi: “M\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259r alman xalq\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259hv etm\u0259k v\u0259 ya k\u00f6l\u0259liy\u0259 d\u00fc\u00e7ar etm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259 deyill\u0259r. M\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259r alman xalq\u0131na \u00f6z h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 demokratik v\u0259 dinc \u0259saslarda yenid\u0259nqurma\u011fa haz\u0131rla\u015fmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn imkan verm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259dirl\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r alman xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z s\u0259yl\u0259ri arams\u0131z olaraq bu m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7atma\u011fa y\u00f6n\u0259l\u0259rs\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u00f6vr ke\u00e7dikd\u0259n sonra onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n azad v\u0259 s\u00fclhsev\u0259r xalqlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacaqd\u0131r” .
\n
\n G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259r n\u0259 Almaniyan\u0131, n\u0259 Berlini b\u00f6lm\u0259yi planla\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131rd\u0131lar. S\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259si imzalanandan sonra vahid alman d\u00f6vl\u0259ti yaranmal\u0131 idi. Lakin bunu etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnki Almaniyan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259n iki q\u00fcvv\u0259nin h\u0259r biri onu “\u00f6z obraz\u0131nda v\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259rind\u0259” g\u00f6rm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi. SSR\u0130 Almaniyada \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259ki kimi “\u0259n \u0259dal\u0259tli v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi” qurulu\u015f, ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259 des\u0259k, kommunist diktaturas\u0131 yaratmaq ist\u0259yirdi, Q\u0259rb \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259 \u00e7oxpartiyal\u0131 sistem\u0259 v\u0259 azad se\u00e7kil\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanan qurulu\u015f t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 idil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 1949-cu ild\u0259 iki alman d\u00f6vl\u0259ti yarand\u0131. \u00d6nc\u0259 AB\u015e, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131nda Almaniya Federativ Respublikas\u0131 (Q\u0259rbi Almaniya), daha sonra is\u0259 sovet i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131nda Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131 (\u015e\u0259rqi Almaniya) yarand\u0131. Bundan sonra ke\u00e7mi\u015f m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259sas ziddiyy\u0259t n\u00f6qt\u0259si Berlin m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si oldu. Lakin Berlin problemind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fmazdan \u00f6nc\u0259 oxucular \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn maraql\u0131 ola bil\u0259c\u0259k bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 toxunmaq ist\u0259yir\u0259m.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, SSR\u0130 n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyada t\u0259kpartiyal\u0131 sistem yaratmad\u0131. \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 marksisty\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc Almaniya Vahid Sosialist Partiyas\u0131ndan \u0259lav\u0259 daha 4 partiya f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi: Xristian-Demokratik \u0130ttifaq, Liberal-Demokrat Partiyas\u0131, Demokratik K\u0259ndli Partiyas\u0131 v\u0259 Milli-Demokrat Partiyas\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bununla bel\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 alternativ \u0259saslarla se\u00e7ki ke\u00e7irilmirdi. B\u00fct\u00fcn partiyalar v\u0259 ictimai-siyasi t\u0259\u015fkilatlar Milli c\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 bu t\u0259\u015fkilat parlament (Xalq palatas\u0131) se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 se\u00e7icil\u0259r\u0259 vahid v\u0259 yegan\u0259 se\u00e7ki siyah\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259qdim edirdil\u0259r. Ba\u015fqa he\u00e7 bir alternativ namiz\u0259d v\u0259 ya namiz\u0259dl\u0259r siyah\u0131s\u0131 olmurdu. T\u0259bii ki, bunu azad v\u0259 r\u0259qab\u0259tli se\u00e7ki adland\u0131rmaq olmazd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259r bir t\u0259\u015fkilata \u00f6nc\u0259d\u0259n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kvota var idi. 1968-ci ild\u0259n sonra \u00fczvl\u0259rinin say\u0131 500 n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lan Xalq palatas\u0131nda hakim Vahid Sosialist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n 127, dig\u0259r partiyalar\u0131n is\u0259 h\u0259r birinin 52 n\u0259f\u0259rlik kvotas\u0131 vard\u0131. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Azad H\u0259mkarlar Birliyinin (68), Azad G\u0259ncl\u0259r \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n (40), Demokratik Qad\u0131nlar \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n (35) v\u0259 M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n (22) parlamentd\u0259 kvotas\u0131 var idi. Bu t\u0259\u015fkilatlar ham\u0131s\u0131 kommunisty\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc idi v\u0259 bununla da parlamentd\u0259 sabit \u00e7oxluq t\u0259min edilirdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Siyasi partiyalar\u0131n se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ yox idi v\u0259 onlara ayr\u0131lan kvota il\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur idil\u0259r. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlara 1950-ci ild\u0259 ilk se\u00e7kil\u0259r \u00f6nc\u0259si ac\u0131 d\u0259rs verildi. Liberal-Demokrat Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f katibi G\u00fcnter \u015etempel alternativsiz se\u00e7kil\u0259ri v\u0259 zorak\u0131 koalisiyan\u0131 t\u0259nqid etdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259bs olunaraq, n\u0259 az, n\u0259 \u00e7ox, d\u00fcz 25 il m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 azadl\u0131qdan m\u0259hrum edildi. Lakin qay\u0131daq Berlin m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ki alman d\u00f6vl\u0259ti yaranandan sonra \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyadan q\u0259rb\u0259 do\u011fru ciddi k\u00f6\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olundu. \u0130nsanlar n\u0259d\u0259ns\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r biz\u0259 “\u0259n \u0259dal\u0259tli v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi” qurulu\u015f kimi t\u0259qdim olunan kommunist hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaq ist\u0259mirdil\u0259r. \u0130ki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda ciddi s\u0259rh\u0259d mane\u0259l\u0259rinin olmamas\u0131 bu k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc asanla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyadan 1950-ci ild\u0259 187 min, 1951-ci ild\u0259 165,6 min, 1952-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 182,4 min insan Q\u0259rbi Almaniyaya k\u00f6\u00e7 etdi. Bel\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t SSR\u0130 v\u0259 Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rliyini AFR il\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d mane\u0259l\u0259ri yaratma\u011fa vadar etdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Miqrasiya \u0259sas\u0259n iqtisadi s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n do\u011furdu. Mar\u015fall plan\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 AB\u015e-\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi yard\u0131m, t\u0259bii s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259rin \u0259sas\u0259n q\u0259rbd\u0259 olmas\u0131 Q\u0259rbi Almaniya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha optimal \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin \u0259sas f\u0259rq iqtisadi sistemd\u0259 idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Q\u0259rbi Almaniyan\u0131n iqtisadiyyat naziri L\u00fcdviq Erxard\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctd\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 azad bazara s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n iqtisadi siyas\u0259t 1960-ci illl\u0259rin sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r davam ed\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 “alman m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259si” ad\u0131n\u0131 alacaq s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoydu. M\u00fcharib\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 tamamil\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lan \u00f6lk\u0259 art\u0131q 1960-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 iqtisadi g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyada lider d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n birin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bunun \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyada sosialist iqtisadiyyat\u0131 yer al\u0131r, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131nda kollektivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r, azad sahibkarl\u0131q s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. 1953-c\u00fc ilin iyunun 17-d\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131n\u0131 eyni saxlamaqla istehsalat normalar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r qeyri-populyar t\u0259dbirl\u0259r \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyan\u0131n \u00e7oxlu ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n \u015e\u0259rqi Berlind\u0259 xalq \u00fcsyan\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Kommunist hakimiyy\u0259tini yaln\u0131z sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si xilas etdi.
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\n M\u00fchacir\u0259tin iqtisadid\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259 siyasi s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri d\u0259 vard\u0131. \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyada totalitar qurulu\u015f b\u0259rq\u0259rar olurdu, nasist gestaposundan he\u00e7 d\u0259 az amans\u0131z olmayan kommunist \u015etazi gizli polisi insanlar\u0131 n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259 saxlay\u0131rd\u0131. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 almanlar \u00f6zl\u0259rini daha azad v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz hiss etdikl\u0259ri Q\u0259rbi Almaniyada ya\u015fama\u011fa \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ki Almaniya aras\u0131nda s\u0259rh\u0259d istehkamlar\u0131 yarad\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra is\u0259 m\u00fchacir\u0259tin yolu Q\u0259rbi Berlind\u0259n ke\u00e7irdi. 1953-c\u00fc ilin t\u0259kc\u0259 birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Q\u0259rb\u0259 qa\u00e7anlar\u0131n say\u0131 226 mini \u00f6td\u00fc. B\u00fct\u00f6v il \u0259rzind\u0259 is\u0259 bu r\u0259q\u0259m 331 min\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r oldu. 1954-c\u00fc ild\u0259 184 mind\u0259n art\u0131q, 1955-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 252 mind\u0259n art\u0131q alman v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131 Q\u0259rbi Almaniyaya k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fc.\n<\/p>\n

\n “B\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcy\u00fcn” h\u0259m m\u00fcharib\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonrak\u0131 raz\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131nda Berlin \u0259lahidd\u0259 rayon kimi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulurdu. Bunun n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yarand\u0131. Bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n Berlin (de-yure b\u00fct\u00fcn Berlin, de-fakto \u015e\u0259rqi Berlin) 1949-cu ild\u0259n Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 elan edildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, Berlin sakinl\u0259rinin \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini t\u0259sdiq ed\u0259n ayr\u0131ca, \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyan\u0131n dig\u0259r sakinl\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri vard\u0131. \u015e\u0259rqi Berlind\u0259n parlament\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n 66 deputat 1968-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r yaln\u0131z m\u0259\u015fv\u0259r\u0259t\u00e7i s\u0259s h\u00fcququna malik idil\u0259r. \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyadan Berlin\u0259 giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259zar\u0259t-burax\u0131l\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00f6vcud idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 is\u0259 nisbi h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t s\u0259rb\u0259stliyi vard\u0131. Bir \u00e7ox insan bir zonada ya\u015fay\u0131r, ba\u015fqa zonada is\u0259 i\u015f tap\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bir i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131nda metroya minib dig\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmaq olard\u0131. Xarici turistl\u0259r d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r daxilind\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259st h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Zonalar aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc x\u0259tt binalar\u0131n, evl\u0259rin, su kanallar\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rin v\u0259 metro x\u0259tl\u0259rinin aras\u0131ndan ke\u00e7irdi. Bir \u00e7ox bina m\u00f6vcud idi ki, giri\u015fi sovet zonas\u0131ndan idi, \u0259ks t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri ba\u015fqa bir i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 yaxud da \u0259ksin\u0259. \u0130nsanlar \u00f6z m\u0259nzill\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259rk\u0259n bir zonadan dig\u0259rin\u0259 ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259t is\u0259 t\u0259bii ki, \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyadan qa\u00e7maq ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin i\u015fini asanla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1950-ci ill\u0259rin sonuna do\u011fru iki Almaniyan\u0131n iqtisadi g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259ri v\u0259 h\u0259yat s\u0259viyy\u0259si aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq daha da k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kil ald\u0131. Q\u0259rbi Almaniya “iqtisadi m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259” ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131, \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyada is\u0259 zorak\u0131 kollektivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131, s\u0259naye m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259ri millil\u0259\u015fdirilirdi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131, defisit h\u00f6km s\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc.
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\n AB\u015e, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131nda olan Q\u0259rbi Berlin r\u0259sm\u0259n AFR-in t\u0259rkibind\u0259 olmasa da, onun iqtisadi s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f\u0131n b\u0259hr\u0259sini g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc, buran\u0131n sakinl\u0259rinin d\u0259 h\u0259yat s\u0259viyy\u0259si y\u00fcks\u0259lirdi. S\u0259rb\u0259st gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015fin oldu\u011fu bel\u0259 bir rifah c\u0259miyy\u0259ti kommunist t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ng\u0259l idi.
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\n Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 1958-ci ild\u0259 sovet lideri Nikita Xru\u015f\u015fov \u00fc\u00e7 Q\u0259rb \u00f6lk\u0259sin\u0259 ultimatum g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k 6 ay \u0259rzind\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Berlinin Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131na birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara ba\u015flama\u011f\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b etdi. Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131 v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniya r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r ADR \u0259razisind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin yurisdiksiyas\u0131na ke\u00e7m\u0259lidir. Q\u0259rb \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259 Potsdam raz\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k ultimatumu r\u0259dd etdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu ill\u0259rd\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Berlin\u0259 v\u0259 orada Q\u0259rbi Almaniyaya k\u00f6\u00e7 yenid\u0259n v\u00fcs\u0259t al\u0131r. 1961-ci ilin ilk 7 ay\u0131 \u0259rzin\u0259 207 min insan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr. \u0130yul ay\u0131nda h\u0259r g\u00fcn orta hesabla 1000 n\u0259f\u0259r (ay \u0259rzind\u0259 30 min) \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259n Q\u0259rb\u0259 qa\u00e7\u0131r. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, 1949-1961-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 3 milyondan \u00e7ox insan\u0131n Q\u0259rb\u0259 qa\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia olunur. Bel\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniya r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi insanlar\u0131n “s\u0259ad\u0259t\u0259 can atmaq” h\u00fcququnun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131z ciddi fiziki s\u0259rh\u0259d istehkamlar\u0131 il\u0259 ala bil\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini anlad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1961-ci il avqustun 12-d\u0259n 13-n\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n gec\u0259 Berlinin amerikan, ingilis v\u0259 frans\u0131z i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131n\u0131 sovet i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131ndan v\u0259 Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131ndan ay\u0131ran x\u0259tt h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259r, polis v\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 drujinalar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015f durduruldu. \u0130ki g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d x\u0259tti tikanl\u0131 m\u0259ftill\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259 olundu v\u0259 bundan sonra m\u0259\u015fum Berlin divar\u0131n\u0131n tikintisi ba\u015fland\u0131. Bel\u0259c\u0259 bir g\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7ind\u0259 minl\u0259rl\u0259 ail\u0259l\u0259r par\u00e7aland\u0131, milyonlarla berlinli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn do\u011fma \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si yad \u0259raziy\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130nfrastruktur n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131narsa, bir \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri iki yer\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259k asan deyildi. Berlinin vahid su kanal\u0131 v\u0259 kanalizasiya x\u0259tti, metropoliteni v\u0259 elektrik qatar\u0131 vard\u0131. Su kanallar\u0131 v\u0259 kanalizasiya x\u0259tl\u0259ri vasit\u0259sil\u0259 qa\u00e7\u0131\u015flar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00f6hk\u0259m barmaql\u0131qlar qaynaq edildi. Elektrik qatar\u0131 x\u0259tti iki yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc. Metropoliten m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si is\u0259 daha m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n V\u0259ziyy\u0259t el\u0259 g\u0259tirmi\u015fdi ki, Berlin metrosunun x\u0259tl\u0259rinin v\u0259 stansiyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oxu Q\u0259rb hiss\u0259sind\u0259 idi. B\u0259zi yerl\u0259rd\u0259 x\u0259tt Q\u0259rbd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k \u015e\u0259rq hiss\u0259sind\u0259n ke\u00e7m\u0259kl\u0259 yenid\u0259n Q\u0259rb\u0259 d\u00f6n\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bel\u0259 x\u0259tl\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259k saxlamaq q\u0259rara al\u0131nd\u0131, lakin onlar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki stansiyalar qapad\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 orada qatarlar art\u0131q dayanm\u0131rd\u0131. Sonralar onlara “kabus stansiyalar” ad\u0131 verildi. Yaln\u0131z Fridrix\u015ftrasse stansiyas\u0131 x\u00fcsusi icaz\u0259si olan insanlar\u0131n gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015fi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259zar\u0259t-burax\u0131l\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si rolunu oynad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Daha bir problem is\u0259 giri\u015fi sovet i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131ndan olub p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri dig\u0259r i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f binalar\u0131 idi. S\u0259rh\u0259din ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 bu binalar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 xeyli adam qa\u00e7d\u0131. Lakin tezlikl\u0259 bu binalar n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259l\u0259r k\u0259rpicl\u0259 h\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Sonrak\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 h\u0259min binalar s\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc, yerl\u0259rind\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d divar\u0131n\u0131n davam\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u00fcnd\u00fcl\u00fcy\u00fc 3,6 metr olan Berlin divar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcmumi uzunlu\u011fu 155 kilometr idi. Bunun t\u0259xmin\u0259n 43 km-i Q\u0259rbi Berlini \u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259sind\u0259n, qalan\u0131 is\u0259 Almaniya Demokratik Respublikas\u0131ndan ay\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ld\u0259n il\u0259 Berlin divar\u0131 daha m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b, daha ciddi qorunan s\u0259rh\u0259d istehkam\u0131na \u00e7evrilirdi. Bununla bel\u0259, divar\u0131n m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu 28 il \u0259rzind\u0259 5 mind\u0259n art\u0131q insan \u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yollarla “kommunist c\u0259nn\u0259ti”nd\u0259n qa\u00e7ma\u011f\u0131 bacard\u0131. Minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan\u0131n c\u0259hdi is\u0259 u\u011fursuz oldu, onlar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259hkum edildi, y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 insan is\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lan at\u0259\u015f n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.\n<\/p>\n

\n Q\u0259rbi Almaniya s\u0259rh\u0259di pozmaq ist\u0259rk\u0259n yaxalanan, dissident f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259bs edil\u0259n ADR v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 pulla almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130ki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda diplomatik m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu i\u015f kils\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil v\u0259kill\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Hesablamalara g\u00f6r\u0259, h\u0259bsd\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan 34 min insan\u0131n azad olunaraq Q\u0259rb\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyaya 3,5 milyard marka d\u0259y\u0259rind\u0259 pul v\u0259 ya m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259hsullar \u00f6d\u0259nildi.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259qal\u0259nin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 t\u0259qdim etdiyi Helmut v\u0259 Ursula c\u00fctl\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcn m\u0259hsuludur (futbol\u00e7u Klaus Taubed\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq). Lakin m\u0259hz bu adda olmasa da, h\u0259min taleyi ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 etmir\u0259m. \u00c7\u00fcnki internetd\u0259 axtar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 yeni tikil\u0259n divar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n g\u0259nc ail\u0259nin \u00f6z \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131 qald\u0131raraq \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 ya\u015fayan valideynl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259si \u015f\u0259klin\u0259 rast g\u0259lm\u0259k olar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Xo\u015fb\u0259xtlikd\u0259n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra t\u0259qa\u00fcd ya\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin (60 ya\u015fl\u0131 qad\u0131nlar v\u0259 65 ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259r) Q\u0259rbi Berlin\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259st gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015fin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verildi. Art\u0131q i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 xeyir verm\u0259y\u0259n, \u0259ksin\u0259 yaln\u0131z t\u0259qa\u00fcd alan bu insanlar geri qay\u0131tmazd\u0131larsa, faci\u0259 deyildi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, \u00f6m\u00fcr v\u0259fa ed\u0259rdis\u0259, ya\u015fl\u0131 valideynl\u0259r \u00f6vladlar\u0131na, yaxud dig\u0259r yax\u0131n qohumlar\u0131na qovu\u015fa bilirdil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar m\u00fcst\u0259qillikd\u0259n umduqlar\u0131na nail ola bilm\u0259dil\u0259r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n xeylisin\u0259 m\u0259yusluq hakimdir. Bundan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fc, sosialist iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6y\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 xeyli art\u0131b. Halbuki ist\u0259nil\u0259n qurulu\u015fun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259ri v\u0259 naqislikl\u0259ri m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 daha yax\u015f\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu bax\u0131mdan iki Almaniyan\u0131n v\u0259 Berlinin m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonrak\u0131 tarixi \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l n\u00fcmun\u0259dir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sosialist qurulu\u015funun bu a\u00e7\u0131q yar\u0131\u015fda uduzdu\u011funu n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutan Marqaret Tet\u00e7er Berlin divar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda deyirdi: “H\u0259r bir da\u015f arxas\u0131nda olan c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u0259n\u0259vi iflas\u0131na \u015fahidlik edir”. O d\u00f6n\u0259m AB\u015e-\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t katibi olan Din Rask is\u0259 Berlin divar\u0131n\u0131 “kommunist iflas\u0131n\u0131n abid\u0259si” adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1963-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Berlind\u0259 sonralar “M\u0259n berlinliy\u0259m” ad\u0131n\u0131 alacaq m\u0259\u015fhur nitqind\u0259 AB\u015e prezidenti Con Kennedi deyirdi: “Bu divar kommunist sisteminin u\u011fursuzluqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n a\u015fkar v\u0259 \u0259n bariz n\u00fcmayi\u015fidir”. Bu fikirl\u0259r Q\u0259rb xadiml\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259xsus oldu\u011fundan q\u0259r\u0259zli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Lakin 1958-1962-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 SSR\u0130-nin \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniyada s\u0259firi olan Mixail Pervuxin d\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 Berlin divar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259zd\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 Moskvaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi hesabatda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Berlind\u0259 sosialist v\u0259 kapitalist d\u00fcnyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131q v\u0259 \u0259slind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t edilm\u0259y\u0259n s\u0259rh\u0259din m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu \u0259halini \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin iki hiss\u0259si aras\u0131nda m\u00fcqayis\u0259 aparma\u011fa s\u00f6vq edir v\u0259 bu m\u00fcqayis\u0259, t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 Demokratik (\u015e\u0259rqi – Y.S.) Almaniyan\u0131n xeyrin\u0259 olmur”.\n<\/p>\n

\n Berlin divar\u0131 m\u0259hz bu a\u00e7\u0131q m\u00fcqayis\u0259 imkan\u0131n\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259kildi. \u00c7\u00fcnki sosialist qurulu\u015fu ist\u0259r azadl\u0131qlar, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 rifah c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n kapitalizm\u0259, idman termini il\u0259 des\u0259k, b\u00f6y\u00fck hesabla uduzurdu. Berlin divar\u0131 bu d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259tin h\u0259m etiraf\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 simvolu idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n 1980-ci ill\u0259rin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda kommunist sisteminin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Berlin divar\u0131n\u0131n da taleyin\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. 1989-cu il noyabr\u0131n 9-dan etibar\u0259n Q\u0259rbi Berlin\u0259 gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015f s\u0259rb\u0259stl\u0259\u015fdi. 1990-c\u0131 ilin oktyabr\u0131n 3-d\u0259 is\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Almaniya v\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Berlin Almaniya Federativ Respublikas\u0131 il\u0259 vahid d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdil\u0259r. Berlin divar\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc, yaln\u0131z ki\u00e7ik bir hiss\u0259si tarixi abid\u0259 kimi saxlan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

13 avqust 1961-ci il, bazar g\u00fcn\u00fc, Berlin \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":107883,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-191247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBerlin divar\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/berlin-divari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Berlin divar\u0131 - 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