{"id":187632,"date":"2017-11-28T16:43:43","date_gmt":"2017-11-28T16:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/audrey-altstadt-cirkli-pullar-beynelxalq-maliyye-sistemini-de-yoluxdurub\/"},"modified":"2017-11-28T16:43:43","modified_gmt":"2017-11-28T16:43:43","slug":"audrey-altstadt-cirkli-pullar-beynelxalq-maliyye-sistemini-de-yoluxdurub","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/audrey-altstadt-cirkli-pullar-beynelxalq-maliyye-sistemini-de-yoluxdurub\/","title":{"rendered":"Audrey Altstadt: \u00c7irkli pullar beyn\u0259lxalq maliyy\u0259 sistemini d\u0259 yoluxdurub"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n
\n Amerikal\u0131 tarix\u00e7i Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131ndan yazd\u0131
\n <\/i>\n<\/p>\n

\n Amerikal\u0131 tarix\u00e7i Audrey Altstadt \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n pulyuyan ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131\u201dndan
\n
\n yaz\u0131b
\n <\/a>
\n .\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fc\u0259llif yaz\u0131r ki, \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131n yuyulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc o\u011furluq olmaya bil\u0259r, lakin bu, o\u011furlu\u011fun m\u0259hsuludur:\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201c\u00c7irkli pullar\u0131n m\u0259nb\u0259yin\u0259 qeyri-qanuni f\u0259aliyy\u0259t n\u00f6v\u00fc say\u0131lan narkotika v\u0259 insan alveri, t\u0259bii resusrlar\u0131n diqq\u0259td\u0259n yay\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u0259lirl\u0259ri, \u015fi\u015firdilmi\u015f x\u0259rcl\u0259r, r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259t, saxta kreditl\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259r maliyy\u0259 manipulyasiyalar\u0131 daxildir. Bu pullar \u00f6d\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n vergi, yaxud m\u0259sr\u0259fl\u0259r \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259n o\u011furlanm\u0131\u015f ola bil\u0259r v\u0259 ya almaz, neft v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259bii ehtiyatlar\u0131n xalqdan o\u011furlanm\u0131\u015f g\u0259lirl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131n yuyulmas\u0131 ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 f\u0259rdl\u0259r v\u0259 institutlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iqtisadi v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi ziyan\u0131 \u0259ks etdirir v\u0259 bununla da d\u00f6vl\u0259tin, c\u0259miyy\u0259tin v\u0259 regionun sabitliyin\u0259, t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 t\u0259hdid yarad\u0131r\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fc\u0259llif sentyabrda Korrupsiyaya v\u0259 M\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkil Cinay\u0259tkarl\u0131\u011fa dair Hesabat Layih\u0259sinin (Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP)) onlarla avropal\u0131 v\u0259 amerikal\u0131 m\u0259tbu orqanlarla birg\u0259 \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rxanas\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131nda Britaniyada qeydiyyatdan ke\u00e7\u0259n of\u015for \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 Avropa bank\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 iki il \u0259rzind\u0259 2,5 milyard avro (3 milyard dollar) d\u0259y\u0259rind\u0259 yuyulan \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131b. Onun s\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bu x\u0259b\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycanla ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 izl\u0259y\u0259n insanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc olmay\u0131b:\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201c2012-ci ild\u0259 OCCRP Az\u0259rbaycan prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyevi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201cilin adam\u0131\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131b. H\u0259min vaxt OCCRP \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259ki d\u0259rin korrupsiyan\u0131 vur\u011fulamaqla yana\u015f\u0131 eyni zamanda hakim ail\u0259 v\u0259 ona ba\u011fl\u0131 oliqarxlar\u0131n ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 korrupsiya n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 dair s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri ortaya qoymu\u015fdu. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalardan da g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi \u018fliyev OCCRP-nin 2012-ci il titulunu haql\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.
\n
\n \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rxanas\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 son hesabat 2012-2014-c\u00fc ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 avronun getdiyi yolu c\u0131z\u0131b. H\u0259min milyonlar\u0131n m\u0259nb\u0259yi m\u00fc\u0259mmal\u0131d\u0131r. Onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan nazirlikl\u0259rind\u0259n, b\u0259zil\u0259ri \u201cRosoboronexport\u201d- rus silah ixracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n daxil olub. Pullar\u0131n g\u00f6nd\u0259rildiyi \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259nb\u0259 (1,4 milyard dollar) Az\u0259rbaycan Beyn\u0259lxalq Bank\u0131d\u0131r ki, ona da \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r biznes f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, h\u00fcquqi \u00fcnvan\u0131, h\u0259tta veb-sayt\u0131 bel\u0259 m\u0259lum olmayan gizli \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin hesab\u0131ndan daxil olub\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n Audrey Altstadt daha sonra xat\u0131rlad\u0131r ki, pullar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si l\u00fcks mallar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131na x\u0259rcl\u0259nib. B\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259si is\u0259 n\u00fcfuzlu avropal\u0131 siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259, x\u00fcsusil\u0259, Avropa \u015euras\u0131ndak\u0131 deputatlara t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259nib.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201cPullar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti, Britaniyada, habel\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259 B\u018f\u018f-d\u0259 qeydiyyatdan ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin hesab\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb. \u00d6d\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r eston \u201cDanske Bank\u201d-n\u0131n filial\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilib ki, onlar da b\u00f6y\u00fck transaksiyalara g\u00f6zl\u0259rin \u201ckor\u201d edibl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Avropa siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u0259n \u00e7ox pullar A\u015ePA-n\u0131n ke\u00e7mi\u015f deputatlar\u0131 Luka Volontenin v\u0259 Eduard Lintnerin hesab\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb. Luka Volonte \u0130taliya prokurorlu\u011fu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n korrupsiyada ittiham olunur v\u0259 prokurorlar\u0131n dediyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, A\u015ePA-n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycanda siyasi m\u0259hbuslara dair hesabat\u0131n\u0131n l\u0259gv edilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259yib. \u0130lham \u018fliyev d\u0259 A\u015ePA-n\u0131n \u00f6z komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n hesabat\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259m\u0259sind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k b\u0259yan edib ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda siyasi m\u0259hbus yoxdur. Volonte is\u0259 \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rxanas\u0131\u201dndan 2 milyon avroya yax\u0131n pul al\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n Almaniyal\u0131 deputat v\u0259 A\u015ePA-n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si Lintner d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan se\u00e7kil\u0259rinin m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7isi \u201cxidm\u0259tin\u0259\u201d g\u00f6r\u0259 \u201c\u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rxanadan\u201d pul al\u0131b. Birinci d\u0259f\u0259 AT\u018fT, AB\u015e v\u0259 yerli m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin qeyri-azad v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tsiz qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirdiyi 2013-c\u00fc il se\u00e7kil\u0259rini Lintner \u201cAlmaniya standartlar\u0131na uy\u011fun\u201c adland\u0131rd\u0131qdan sonra pul al\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n Dig\u0259r pulu is\u0259 o, se\u00e7kil\u0259rin yerli t\u0259nqid\u00e7isi h\u0259bs olunark\u0259n al\u0131b. 2012-2014-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Lintner \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 820 000 avro (bir milyon dollardan bir az \u00e7ox) pul al\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu hekay\u0259 \u201cRusiya \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rxanas\u0131n\u0131\u201d xat\u0131rlad\u0131r. Bunun da \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc OCCRP a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 orda daha b\u00f6y\u00fck pullardan s\u00f6hb\u0259t gedirdi \u2013 30 milyard dollar. \u00d6n\u0259mli olan odur ki, h\u0259r iki \u0259m\u0259liyyatda h\u0259min \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n 33-\u00fc i\u015ftirak edib ki, bu da enerji istehsal ed\u0259n v\u0259 korrupsiyala\u015fm\u0131\u015f postsovet respuklikalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 g\u00fccl\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fc\u0259llif yaz\u0131r ki, beyn\u0259lxalq s\u0259viyy\u0259li f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin miqyas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7il\u0259ri o\u011furluq v\u0259 r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259txorluqdan as\u0131l\u0131 olan \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131n yuyulmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 tapma\u011fa vadar edir:\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201cBu cinay\u0259tin h\u0259m m\u0259n\u0259vi, h\u0259m d\u0259 maddi ziyan\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tlidir. Neftd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n g\u0259lirl\u0259r b\u0259yan edilmi\u015f m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259n yay\u0131naraq onun qanuni sahibind\u0259n \u2013 xalqdan o\u011furlan\u0131l\u0131r. M\u0259nb\u0259yi gizli qalan pullar n\u00fcfuzlu Avropa siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rinin cibl\u0259rin\u0259 gedir. Bu c\u00fcr \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck bax\u0131\u015flar Avropa \u015euras\u0131na t\u0259sir etdiyind\u0259 \u015euran\u0131n toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 alt\u0131na al\u0131r v\u0259 \u201cAvropa institutlar\u0131 da korrupsiyala\u015f\u0131b, odur ki, onlardan o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 pis deyilik\u201d dey\u0259n avtoritar\u0131n t\u0259bli\u011fat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259lin\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015f olur.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r v\u0259 h\u00fcquq m\u00fcdafi\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 iddias\u0131 qald\u0131ra bilm\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259, yaxud u\u011fursuzlu\u011fa d\u00fc\u00e7ar olduqda, onda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar ki, \u201cadlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259ksinl\u0259r v\u0259 biabr etsinl\u0259r\u201d. Skeptikl\u0259r bu taktikan\u0131n effektivliyin\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 il\u0259 yana\u015faraq bildirirl\u0259r ki, beyn\u0259lxalq miqyasda \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131n yuyulmas\u0131 kimi y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259li cinay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00fcnahkar olan insanlar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz, ancaq \u00e7\u0259tin ki, onlar utans\u0131nlar. \u201c\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131rxana\u201d ara\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131nda i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131lan Az\u0259rbaycanla ba\u011fl\u0131 son on il\u0259 dair m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 bizi ona qar\u015f\u0131 arqumentl\u0259ri v\u0259 strategiyan\u0131 bir daha n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 vadar edir. H\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd qanunu pozanlar utanmaz g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, he\u00e7 d\u0259 onlar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015flar\u0131 ictimai q\u0131naqdan v\u0259 ictimai t\u0259nqidd\u0259n qoruna bilm\u0259zl\u0259r\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u00fc\u0259llif hesab edir ki, geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f qlobal korrupsiyaya baxmayaraq, h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 qanunlar v\u0259 etik normalar q\u00fcvv\u0259d\u0259dir v\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 buna \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan t\u0259\u015fkilatlar m\u00f6vcuddur. Bundan ba\u015fqa, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259yan etdiyi normalar\u0131 v\u0259 ideallar\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n, yaxud buna haz\u0131r olan t\u0259\u015fkilatlar m\u00f6vcuddur:\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201c\u018fg\u0259r onlar\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015flar\u0131 gileyl\u0259ns\u0259l\u0259r, yaxud onlar\u0131 utand\u0131rsalar, o zaman sponsorlar reklamlar\u0131n\u0131, yaxud dig\u0259r d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259rini geri \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bel\u0259c\u0259 korrupsiya daha da m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259 bahal\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. \u018fliyevin t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 olan A\u015ePA-n\u0131n prezidento Pedro Aqramuntun istefas\u0131 buna misald\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131ca prinsipl\u0259ri olan \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 etik standartlar\u0131 ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n beyn\u0259lxalq maliyy\u0259 institutlar\u0131 investiyalar ay\u0131rark\u0259n he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259r zaman bu prinsipl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanm\u0131rlar. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 neft v\u0259 qaz istehsal ed\u0259n v\u0259 infrastruktur layih\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn investiyalara ehtiyac\u0131 olan \u00f6lk\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259. Bu y\u00f6nd\u0259 D\u00fcnya Bank\u0131 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b tarix\u0259 malikdir. Son aylar qeyri-h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 olan \u201cCrude Accountability\u201d beyn\u0259lxalq maliyy\u0259 institutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z investisiyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u0259fafl\u0131qla, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fckl\u0259 v\u0259 qanunla s\u0131x ba\u011flama\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n Avropa Bank\u0131n\u0131n Ara\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 \u0130nki\u015faf \u00fczr\u0259 direktoru \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rxanas\u0131ndan\u201d 800 000 avro almaqda ittiham olunub.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sonucda adlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131qlanaraq biab\u0131r etm\u0259k taktikas\u0131 bel\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 vacib al\u0259td\u0259n m\u0259hrum edir v\u0259 onlar\u0131 qanunsuzluq v\u0259 sui-istifad\u0259 hal\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259rsiz olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 vadar edir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, adlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131qlanmas\u0131, biabr edilm\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131q, resurslar\u0131n m\u0259suliyy\u0259tli idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si, qanun\u00e7uluq v\u0259 h\u00fcququn aliliyi u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan insanlar v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn silahd\u0131r\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n Audrey Altstadt hesab edir ki, \u00e7irkli pullar\u0131n yuyulmas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan bir d\u0259st\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz s\u0131\u011f\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 dig\u0259r d\u0259l\u0259duzlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ya\u015f\u0131l i\u015f\u0131q yand\u0131r\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201c\u00c7irkli pullar\u0131n yuyulmas\u0131 v\u0259 korrupsiyan\u0131n dig\u0259r formalar\u0131 beyn\u0259lxalq maliyy\u0259 sistemini d\u0259 art\u0131q yoluxdurub. Bunun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0259min edilm\u0259si v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq aksiyalarda birg\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259kl\u0259 almaq olar. V\u0259 burda he\u00e7 bir ortaq m\u0259xr\u0259c yoxdur\u201d \u2013 m\u00fc\u0259llif fikrini yekunla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259:
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