{"id":176423,"date":"2016-06-03T19:21:28","date_gmt":"2016-06-03T19:21:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/"},"modified":"2016-06-03T19:21:28","modified_gmt":"2016-06-03T19:21:28","slug":"demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n \"Demokratiya\"
\n Demokratiya
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n
\n Meydan TV yeni \u201cDemokratiya\u201d layih\u0259sin\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bu layih\u0259nin ba\u015flama s\u0259b\u0259bi iki amill\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: Birincisi, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n informasiya m\u0259kan\u0131nda, geni\u015f m\u0259nada, demokratiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 akademik m\u0259tnl\u0259rin v\u0259 ya t\u0259rc\u00fcml\u0259rin ciddi yoxsullu\u011fu ya\u015fan\u0131r. Dig\u0259r bir s\u0259b\u0259b is\u0259 demokratiyan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycanda sistemli b\u00f6hran ya\u015famas\u0131 v\u0259 insanlar\u0131n demokratiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u00fcnyada dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan, m\u00fczakir\u0259 edil\u0259n probleml\u0259rd\u0259n, \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdiyi \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259rd\u0259n az m\u0259lumatl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n <\/i>
\n \n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Yeni layih\u0259 ictimai ehtiyac\u0131n diqt\u0259si il\u0259 bir-birin\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131 olan bu iki ciddi problemi aradan qald\u0131rmaq v\u0259 bo\u015flu\u011fu qism\u0259n doldurmaq niyy\u0259tind\u0259dir.
\n <\/i>
\n
\n
\n Amma bu i\u015fd\u0259, y\u0259ni demokratiya ad\u0131na k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck ed\u0259c\u0259k insanlara ehtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. Akademik m\u0259tnl\u0259ri t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011fa sahib olan insanlardan xahi\u015f edirik ki, biziml\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259 saxlas\u0131nlar:\u00a0demokratiya[at]meydan.tv
\n <\/i>\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130slahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\n<\/p>\n

\n ISOBEL COLEMAN v\u0259 TERRA LAWSON-REMER\n<\/p>\n

\n G\u0259lin bunu q\u0259bul ed\u0259k: Demokratiya indi \u00e7\u0259tin s\u0131naqdan ke\u00e7ir. Berlin Divar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131x\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayan bu proses, \u201cr\u0259ngli inqlablar\u201d il\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn pik h\u0259ddin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131. Amma \u015e\u0259rqi Avropa, Afrika v\u0259 Lat\u0131n Amerikas\u0131nda demokratiyan\u0131n \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi u\u011furlar indi idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131nda \u0259zilm\u0259kd\u0259dir. AB\u015e-\u0131n \u018ffqan\u0131stan v\u0259 \u0130raqda demokratiyan\u0131 t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k ist\u0259yi d\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259di. Bir zamanlar demokratik olaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r, haz\u0131rda k\u0259nar q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259siri il\u0259 siyasi \u00e7alxalanmalar\u0131n qurban\u0131na \u00e7evrilib, i\u015fsizlik v\u0259 yoxsulluq kimi probleml\u0259rin m\u0259ng\u0259n\u0259sind\u0259 s\u0131x\u0131l\u0131r. Dalana dir\u0259nmi\u015f Q\u0259rb demokratiyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq, avtoritar \u00c7inin y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015fi, demokratiyan\u0131n gedilm\u0259li olan \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 yol olub-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sual\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fla g\u0259tirir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bir \u00e7oxu (\u0259sas\u0259n \u00e7inlil\u0259r) avtoritar idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda varlanma\u011fa v\u0259 stabillik \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 nail olsa da, biz demokratik idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin – \u00c7\u00f6r\u00e7ili parafraz ets\u0259k – idar\u0259\u00e7ilikl\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259n az pis olan\u0131, oldu\u011fu fikrin\u0259 inanma\u011fa davam edirik. N\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 ki, demokratiyan\u0131n azadl\u0131q v\u0259 intibah \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 idar\u0259\u00e7ilik formas\u0131 oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiq ed\u0259n \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 statistik t\u0259hlil\u0259r var. Son 50 ild\u0259 iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar avtoritar v\u0259 demokratik idar\u0259\u00e7ilikd\u0259n hans\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00e7ox iqtisadi rifah g\u0259tirm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131\u00a0m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edir. \u00a0Demokratiya v\u0259 ya avtoritarizim: \u201chans\u0131 inki\u015faf \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha yax\u015f\u0131 yoldur\u201d sual\u0131na, son ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar demokratiya dey\u0259 cavab\u0131 verir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Amma h\u0259qiq\u0259tin \u0259n a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fi budur ki, avtoritarizmd\u0259n demokratiyaya ke\u00e7id son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tindir. Pis x\u0259b\u0259r odur ki, Misir, Tunis v\u0259 Miyanmar demokratiya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7ox uzun yol q\u0259t etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Son kitab\u0131m\u0131zda, \u201cAzadl\u0131\u011fa ged\u0259n yol: Demokratik Ke\u00e7idd\u0259n \u00c7\u0131xar\u0131lan \u0130qtisadi v\u0259 Siyasi D\u0259rsl\u0259r\u201d, demokratik ke\u00e7id ya\u015fayan s\u0259kkiz \u00f6lk\u0259nin, Pol\u015fa, Ukranya, Tayland, Brazilya, Meksika, Nigeriya v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Afrika Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sini m\u00fcqayis\u0259li t\u0259hlil etdik. Kontekstl\u0259r a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar f\u0259rqli olsa da, onlardan b\u0259zi d\u0259rsl\u0259r \u00e7\u0131xarda bil\u0259rik. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yeddi \u0259sas \u201cd\u0259rsl\u0259ri\u201d sadalad\u0131q. \u00dcmid edirik ki, ke\u00e7idl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259rs alaraq, daha inkl\u00fcziv iqtisadi b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m \u0259sasl\u0131 demokratiya qurmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaqlar.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n 1. \u0130qtisadi b\u00f6hran\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 imkandan yararlanma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n Bir \u00e7ox ekspertl\u0259r inan\u0131rd\u0131 ki, iqtisadi inki\u015faf qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz olaraq demokratiyaya apar\u0131b \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada varl\u0131 olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti demokratik olsa da, b\u0259zil\u0259ri – m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u00c7in v\u0259 S\u0259udiy\u0259 \u018fr\u0259bistan\u0131 \u2013 siyasi azadl\u0131q olmadan da, iqtisadi \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259nm\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b. Do\u011furdan da, t\u0259hlil\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, rejiml\u0259rin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259n t\u0259kan ver\u0259n iqtisadi inki\u015faf yox, iqtisadi b\u00f6hrand\u0131r. Son otuz il \u0259rzind\u0259, bir \u00e7ox demokratik ke\u00e7id ciddi iqtisadi \u015foklar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f avtoritar rejiml\u0259rin laxlamas\u0131ndan sonra ba\u015f tutub.\n<\/p>\n

\n Haz\u0131rki \u0130ndoneziya, iqtisadi b\u00f6hrandan sonra indiki \u015f\u0259kilini al\u0131b. Onun demokratiyaya u\u011furlu ke\u00e7idi m\u0259hz 1997-ci ild\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n \u201cAsiya maliyy\u0259 b\u00f6hran\u0131\u201d il\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131 olub. Bu b\u00f6hran \u0130ndoneziyada ciddi iqtisadi v\u0259 siyasi islahatlara t\u0259kan verib. 1980-ci ild\u0259 Brazilyada ya\u015fanan b\u00f6hran h\u0259rbi hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259n demokratik idar\u0259\u00e7iliy\u0259 ke\u00e7id \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259kan oldu. 1982-ci ild\u0259 borc b\u00f6hran\u0131 ya\u015fayan Meksika da, ox\u015far prosesd\u0259n ke\u00e7di. Orta \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 ya\u015fanan inqlablar dal\u011fas\u0131 da, daha \u00e7ox \u0259rzaq qiym\u0259tl\u0259rinin baha olmas\u0131 v\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259rin i\u015fsizliyi s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n ba\u015f verdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130qtisadi \u015foklar hesab\u0131na avtoritar rejiml\u0259ri laxlatmaq ist\u0259yi amma b\u0259z\u0259n, t\u0259rsin\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ki, \u0130ran v\u0259 \u015eimali Koreya xarici basq\u0131lardan sonra daha da \u00f6z i\u00e7in\u0259 qapanm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r. Neft g\u0259lirl\u0259rinin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si d\u0259, neft istehsal ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ciddi b\u00f6hranlar yarada bil\u0259r. \u0130qtisadi b\u00f6hranlar S\u0259udiy\u0259 \u018fr\u0259bistan\u0131 v\u0259 Rusiya kimi neft divl\u0259rind\u0259 daxili b\u00f6hranlara v\u0259 ke\u00e7id\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\u0130qtisadi
\n \u0130qtisadi b\u00f6hran
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Burada \u0259sas diqq\u0259t, iqtisadi b\u00f6hran\u0131n \u201cstatus-quo\u201d-nu pozub, ciddi fundamental d\u0259yi\u015fiklik yarada bil\u0259c\u0259yi imkan\u0131na verilm\u0259lidir. Bu imkan\u0131 \u00f6nc\u0259d\u0259n g\u00f6rm\u0259li olan siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r, orta t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259nin inki\u015faf etdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn startegiya haz\u0131rlamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. B\u00f6hran bir d\u0259f\u0259 vurduqdan sonra demokratiya yerim\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. G\u00fccl\u00fc orta t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259 avtoritarizm\u0259 yenid\u0259n yuvarlanmamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox \u00f6n\u0259mli dayaq rolunu oynayacaq.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n 2. Se\u00e7kil\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131, \u201corijinal\u0131n d\u00fcz\u0259ld\u0259n\u0259 kimi, saxtas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259y\u0259 davam et\u201d
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n Bizim apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015fd\u0131rmalardan tam ayd\u0131n oldu ki, se\u00e7kil\u0259r – h\u0259tta \u0259ld\u0259qay\u0131rma olanlar bel\u0259 – \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli demokratik idar\u0259\u00e7iliy\u0259 ke\u00e7idd\u0259 ciddi rol oynay\u0131r. Beyn\u0259lxalq m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r, ad\u0259t\u0259n, saxtala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u015f se\u00e7kil\u0259ri, avtoritar rejiml\u0259rin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n p\u0259rd\u0259 asmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ke\u00e7irdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onu m\u0259nas\u0131z say\u0131rlar. Amma se\u00e7kil\u0259r \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259, z\u0259if d\u0259 olsa, xalq\u0131n g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259rin da\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 demokratik t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu zaman is\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t xalq\u0131n ist\u0259yini r\u0259dd etm\u0259kd\u0259 \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259k\u0259c\u0259k.\n<\/p>\n

\n Meksika, n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259 olan se\u00e7kil\u0259rin q\u0259fild\u0259n g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r verdiyi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259la misal ola bil\u0259r. 1970-ci ild\u0259 hakimi partiya olan \u0130nstitusional \u0130nqlab\u00e7\u0131 Partiyas\u0131 se\u00e7ki sistemini o \u015f\u0259kl\u0259 salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, m\u00fcxalif\u0259td\u0259 olanlar \u00f6z namiz\u0259dini se\u00e7kil\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259qdim ed\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fdi. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t, se\u00e7ki qanunvericiliyind\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklik ed\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fcxalif\u0259tin bir ne\u00e7\u0259 yer\u0259 sahib ola bilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131r. 1980-ci il g\u0259ldikd\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259 d\u0259rin iqtisadi b\u00f6hranla \u00fczl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 70-ci ild\u0259 h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259tin yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 imkandan faydalanan m\u00fcxalif siyasi partiyalar v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259ti il\u0259 birg\u0259, daha azad v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tli se\u00e7kil\u0259rin ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn u\u011furlu kampaniya t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Meksika h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti is\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f se\u00e7kil\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fmal\u0131 olur.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Eyni il\u0259 Brazilyada da, h\u0259rbi rejim inan\u0131rd\u0131 ki, m\u00fcxalif\u0259ti tam n\u0259zar\u0259td\u0259 saxlaya bil\u0259c\u0259k. Amma 1980-ci ild\u0259 d\u0259rin qitisadi b\u00f6hran\u0131n m\u0259ng\u0259n\u0259sin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n Braziliyada insanlar\u0131n naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artan x\u0259tl\u0259 davam edirdi, bu is\u0259 sonda h\u00f6kum\u0259tin siyasi prosesl\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti itirm\u0259si il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. Siyasi arenada yerini geri qazanm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcxalif\u0259t, 1982-ci ild\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir s\u00fcrpriz ya\u015fadaraq Konqres v\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259r orqanlara ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 qalib g\u0259ldil\u0259r. \u018fvv\u0259l\u0259r \u201csaxtala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u015f\u201d se\u00e7kil\u0259r, 1986-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f prezident se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259rbi rejimin m\u0259\u011flub olmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir n\u00f6v z\u0259min haz\u0131rlad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Dig\u0259r \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, yar\u0131-a\u00e7\u0131q siyasi sistem\u0259 sahib olan avtoritar hakimiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin demokratik olmaq imkan\u0131 daha b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. X\u00fcsus\u0259n \u0259g\u0259r onlar \u00e7oxpartiyal\u0131 se\u00e7kil\u0259r\u0259 imkan verirs\u0259, bu proses dah s\u00fcr\u0259tli olur.
\n
\n N\u0259tic\u0259: Davame et, se\u00e7kini d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259, h\u0259tta o m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l olmasa da.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n 3.H\u0259rbi \u00e7evrili\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n yan qa\u00e7, amma qeyri-zorak\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi mobill\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 arxa \u00e7\u0131x.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0259rbi \u00e7evri\u015fl\u0259r hakimiyy\u0259ti devirs\u0259 d\u0259, demokratik idar\u0259\u00e7iliy\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131r. Tarix, u\u011fursuz h\u0259rbi \u00e7evri\u015fl\u0259r, \u201ccoups d\u2019\u00e9tats\u201d-lar v\u0259 zorak\u0131 inqilablar il\u0259 doludur, amma onlar bir diktatoru dig\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. Qeyri-zorak\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259vi mobill\u0259\u015fm\u0259 is\u0259 \u0259ksin\u0259 demokratik ke\u00e7idl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi z\u0259minl\u0259r haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Qeyri-zorak\u0131l\u0131q t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 olan Mohandas Qandi (Mohandas Gandhi) v\u0259 Martin L\u00fcter Kinq (Martin Luther King) uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t bundan \u0259vv\u0259l elan edirdil\u0259r ki, davaml\u0131 qeyri-zorak\u0131 etirazlar v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131 daha \u00e7ox \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 c\u0259lb edir, daha yax\u015f\u0131-qurulmu\u015f v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 – demokratiyaya ke\u00e7idd\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259rin \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n g\u0259lm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox vacib rol oynay\u0131rlar – apar\u0131b \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131r. Misallara diqq\u0259t edin:
\n
\n Pol\u015fan\u0131n \u201cSolidarnost\u201d \u2013 sosial-siyasi h\u0259r\u0259kat, \u0259halinin \u00fc\u00e7d\u0259 biri onun \u00fczv\u00fc idi – il\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259, dinc h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n demokratiyaya ke\u00e7itd\u0259 nec\u0259 ciddi rol oynayaca\u011f\u0131na yax\u015f\u0131 misald\u0131r.
\n
\n Tam dinc say\u0131lmasa da, C\u0259nubi Afrikada aparteid rejimi il\u0259 onill\u0259rdir m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparm\u0131\u015f liberal h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n sonda u\u011fur qazanmas\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259ti formala\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131 diqq\u0259t\u0259layiqdir.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ndoneziyada da d\u0259yi\u015fiklik m\u0259hz \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131n proses\u0259 qo\u015fulmas\u0131ndan sonra m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. 1997-98-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 mitinql\u0259r ke\u00e7irildi v\u0259 sonda 1999-cu ild\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar \u0130ndoneziyan\u0131n demokratikl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 prosesin\u0259 ke\u00e7idini se\u00e7kil\u0259r il\u0259 t\u0259min etdil\u0259r.
\n
\n Bunun \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq, 2004-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Ukraynada Nar\u0131nc\u0131 \u0130nqilab\u0131 ed\u0259nl\u0259r etirazlar\u0131n\u0131 dinc formada ets\u0259 d\u0259, Kiyevin k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 topla\u015fm\u0131\u015f k\u00fctl\u0259 d\u0259rinlikd\u0259n v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259ti tam \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259diyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn u\u011fusuzlu\u011fa d\u00fc\u00e7ar oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Ox\u015far \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, Nigeriyada ke\u00e7idin u\u011fursuz olmas\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n k\u00fctl\u0259vi olmamas\u0131nda idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u0259zi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r, Namibiya v\u0259 El Salvador da is\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259kat, ilk olaraq zorak\u0131l\u0131q \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015flasa da, daha sonra dinc m\u00fcst\u0259viy\u0259 ke\u00e7di v\u0259 demokratiyaya ke\u00e7id ba\u015f tutdu. Bir \u00e7ox diktator is\u0259 h\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q totalitar olduqlar\u0131ndan, onlar\u0131n devrilm\u0259si yaln\u0131z zorak\u0131l\u0131q il\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur: Muammar al-Qaddafi, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u00f6z insanlar\u0131 il\u0259 sonuna kimi sava\u015fma\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7di. Q\u0259ddafi h\u0259rbil\u0259\u015fmi\u015f birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n devrildi. Demokratiyaya ke\u00e7idin ba\u015f tutmamas\u0131nda \u0259sas problem onun zorak\u0131 olmas\u0131 v\u0259 do\u011furdu\u011fu qanunsuzluqlar b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynad\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bunlar\u0131 yazmaqda m\u0259qs\u0259dimiz, siyas\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rin zorak\u0131l\u0131\u011fa hamil\u0259 olmu\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri siyah\u0131lar\u0131ndan silm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn deyil. Sad\u0259c\u0259, biz onlar\u0131 h\u0259rbi inqlablar il\u0259 ehtiyatl\u0131 olma\u011fa s\u0259sl\u0259yir v\u0259 elitl\u0259rin \u015firin t\u0259klifl\u0259rin\u0259 aldan\u0131b daha etibarl\u0131 xalq h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131ndan \u00fcz d\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rinin vacibliyini izah edir. Bu d\u0259st\u0259k hans\u0131 forma ala bil\u0259r? Beyn\u0259lxalq ictimaiyy\u0259t yerli v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259tini m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00fcbadil\u0259 proqramlar\u0131 il\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259li, yerli t\u0259\u015fkilatlara ciddi yard\u0131m etm\u0259lidir. Ke\u00e7id demokratiyas\u0131n\u0131n u\u011furlu olmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn azad mediaya da d\u0259st\u0259k \u00e7ox vacibdir. Bunlar, \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 az x\u0259rcli, amma y\u00fcks\u0259k g\u0259lirli s\u0259rmay\u0259l\u0259rdir.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n 4. \u0130nkluziv inki\u015faf\u0131 t\u0259min et
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n Siyasi azadl\u0131qlar insanlar\u0131n iqtisadi v\u0259 sosial imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131na \u00fcmid yarad\u0131r. Yeni yaranan demokratik \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin u\u011furlu olmas\u0131, ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 demokratikl\u0259\u015fm\u0259nin insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f standart\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar \u00f6z sosial v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin d\u00fcz\u0259lm\u0259sini g\u00f6r\u00fcrl\u0259rs\u0259, o zaman bu i\u015fd\u0259 \u0259m\u0259yi olan siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259ri daha \u00e7ox d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yir v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu siyas\u0259tin arxas\u0131nda durmaqla demokratiyan\u0131n daha da m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edirl\u0259r. Amma \u0259g\u0259r i\u015fsizlik k\u0259skin art\u0131rsa, varl\u0131 v\u0259 kas\u0131blar aras\u0131nda sosial b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlik ciddi f\u0259rql\u0259nirs\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259tin b\u00f6y\u00fck bir qismi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcsb\u0259t he\u00e7 bir d\u0259yi\u015fiklik ba\u015f vermirs\u0259, o zaman avtoritarizm\u0259 meylin artmas\u0131 imkan\u0131 daha da art\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Braziliyan\u0131n demokratiyaya ke\u00e7idini m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259d\u0259n, h\u0259m d\u0259 sosial olaraq inkluziv inki\u015fafla ba\u011fl\u0131 idi. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 iqtisadi b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259d\u0259n fayda g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. 1990-c\u0131 ilin ba\u015flan\u0131c\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, 2000-ci ill\u0259r\u0259 kimi prezident olan Kardozo v\u0259 Lula da Sulva anti-infilasiya, anti-monopolya islahatlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 yeni istedadl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n a\u015fkara \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar etdil\u0259r. Eyni anda, bu prezidentl\u0259r \u0259halinin kas\u0131b v\u0259 orta t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u0259rcl\u0259ri art\u0131rd\u0131lar. Kas\u0131blar\u0131n rifah hal\u0131n\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Braziliya iki vacib strategiyadan istifad\u0259 etdi: Birincisi, onlar \u0259n ciddi ehtiyac i\u00e7ind\u0259 olanlara \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ndirilmi\u015f na\u011fd pul \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri etdil\u0259r. Burada \u015f\u0259rt o idi ki, h\u0259min adamlar u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259lidir. \u0130kincisi is\u0259 onlar qaralar v\u0259 daha pis durumda olan dig\u0259r qruplar\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n sosial-iqtisadi proqram\u0131 icra etdil\u0259r. Bu proqram \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin daha alt qrupunda olan insanlar sa\u011flaml\u0131q, t\u0259hsil v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k h\u00fcququndan faydalanma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Meksika da, geni\u015f v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 imkanlar yaradan u\u011furlu iqtisadi siyas\u0259t n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 demokratiyan\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirdil\u0259r. Kas\u0131blara verl\u0259n \u015f\u0259rtli maliyy\u0259 yard\u0131mlar\u0131 u\u015faqlar\u0131n sa\u011flam b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259si v\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 getm\u0259sini t\u0259min etdi. Haz\u0131rda bu proqram \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin \u00fc\u00e7d\u0259 birini \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. \u018fvv\u0259lki h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 he\u00e7 bir add\u0131m atmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u018fhalinin \u0259n kas\u0131b hiss\u0259si iqtisadi imkanlardan faydalana bilmirdi, amma bu yeni siyas\u0259t \u0259halinin siyasi i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fl\u0259ndirdi.
\n
\n G\u0259lin\u0259n n\u0259tic\u0259 budur ki, maddi g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131lamayan demokratiyalar\u0131n \u201cg\u00fccl\u00fc \u0259l hakimiyy\u0259ti\u201d-n\u0259 yuvarlanmas\u0131 qa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n \u018flacs\u0131zlar v\u0259 imkans\u0131zlar\u0131n xeyrin\u0259 varl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 siyas\u0259t apar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6z verdikd\u0259, bu siyas\u0259t insanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn c\u0259lbedici forma al\u0131r. 1997-ci il Asiya maliy\u0259 b\u00f6hran\u0131ndan sonra perespektivli olaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n Tailandak\u0131 demokratiya insanlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n diskriminativ, yaln\u0131z xarici investorlar v\u0259 yerli varl\u0131 eltian\u0131n maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 yerli \u0259halinin maddi maraqlar\u0131 hesab\u0131na t\u0259min ed\u0259n idar\u0259\u00e7ilik kimi q\u0259bul edildi. Bu geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f nifr\u0259t toxumu sonda, populist Takasin Shinavatra (ing:Thaksin Shinawatra) hakimiyy\u0259tini b\u0259rqarar etdi. Thaksin Shinavatra hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259, adi taylandl\u0131lar\u0131n maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 s\u00f6z vermi\u015fdi. Amma o hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259, se\u00e7ki avtoritarimizi formala\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131, bu is\u0259 sonda h\u0259rbi \u00e7evrli\u015f v\u0259 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 qanl\u0131 toqqu\u015fmalarla m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olundu.\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nubi Afrika da – aparteid rejimind\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259n iki onillik sonra – \u0259g\u0259r narazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn \u00e7axna\u015fmalar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq ist\u0259yirs\u0259, o zaman \u0259halinin kas\u0131b qrupunun v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131ran siyas\u0259t aparmal\u0131d\u0131r. C\u0259nubi Afrika \u0259halisi inqlabdan sonra sosial-iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin d\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fcmidl\u0259r b\u0259sl\u0259yirdil\u0259r, amma h\u0259l\u0259 ki, onlar\u0131n bu g\u00f6zl\u0259ntisi qar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti kas\u0131b v\u0259 qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259r ya\u015famaqda davam edir. Bu g\u00fcn, \u0259halinin qaralardan ibar\u0259t olan k\u0259siminin g\u0259lirl\u0259ri \u00fcmumi g\u0259lirin 13 faizini t\u0259\u015fkil edir ki, bu r\u0259q\u0259m iyirmi il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l ba\u015f vermi\u015f inqilab d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n \u00e7ox az f\u0259rql\u0259nir.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130nkuliziv inki\u015faf v\u0259 ciddi makro-iqtisadi stabilliy\u0259 nail olmaq yeni demokratik lider \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tin tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qd\u0131r. G\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259r \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr, insanlar is\u0259 s\u0259birsiz. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n sosial-iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131ran islahatlar etm\u0259k v\u0259 eyni anda davams\u0131z v\u0259 qeyri-stabil iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 yuvarlanmamaq \u00e7ox \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tlidir. \u0130st\u0259nil\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u0259r hans\u0131sa siyasi kursun se\u00e7ilm\u0259si, h\u0259min \u00f6lk\u0259nin spesifik konteksti il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Pol\u015fada h\u0259r hans\u0131sa u\u011furlu islahat, Nigeriyada u\u011fursuz ola bil\u0259r. Amma \u00fcmumi xeyir g\u0259tir\u0259c\u0259k siyas\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u00fcmunl\u0259r\u0259 baxmaqda fayda var:\n<\/p>\n

\n Sosial m\u00fcdafi\u0259ni g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k v\u0259 ya onu yenid\u0259n qurmaq, yaln\u0131z \u0259halinin kas\u0131b k\u0259simin rifah\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131r, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sosial baza yarad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ki\u00e7ik x\u00fcsusi sosial qrup t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n monopoliyaya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f g\u0259lirl\u0259rin yenid\u0259n b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrl\u00fcm\u0259si u\u011furlu n\u0259tic\u0259 hesab edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu m\u0259nada, qeyri-effektiv v\u0259 siyasi olaraq icras\u0131 \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tin olan subsidiyalar\u0131n, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, enerji il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 misal \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bilindiyi kimi, subsidiyalar d\u00f6vl\u0259t b\u00fcdc\u0259sin\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r z\u0259rb\u0259 vurur v\u0259 investisiya t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsl\u0259rini bo\u011faraq iqtisadi inki\u015fafa mane olur. Bu kimi subsidiyalar qiym\u0259t art\u0131m\u0131ndan \u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n kas\u0131b \u0259haliy\u0259 na\u011fd formada veril\u0259 bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu kimi na\u011fd \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259r, kas\u0131b\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qdan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n \u0259halinin maddi rifah\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259kl\u0259, t\u0259hsil v\u0259 sa\u011flaml\u0131q il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 investisiyalar\u0131 stimulla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynaya v\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, indiki iqtisadi \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259rin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azaltmaqla, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 yaranacaq insan resursunun artmas\u0131na d\u0259t\u0259k ola bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Beyn\u0259lxalq oyun\u00e7ular\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm bir rolu vard\u0131r. Onlar yerli islahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n iqtisadi islahatlar\u0131na m\u00fcxtlif qrantlar, kreditl\u0259r v\u0259 borclar\u0131n silinm\u0259si il\u0259 d\u0259s\u0259t\u0259k ola bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Xaricd\u0259n al\u0131nan strateji \u0259sasl\u0131 iqtisadi k\u00f6m\u0259klik yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tin maliyy\u0259 siyas\u0259tini m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndir\u0259r v\u0259 yeni sosial-demokratik ictimai m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin formala\u015fmas\u0131na z\u0259min haz\u0131rlaya bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n 5. Qanunun aliliyini \u0130ki d\u0259f\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259n yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 g\u00fcv\u0259nm\u0259liy\u0259m, ya yox? Bu yeni demokratiyaya ke\u00e7id etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259nin v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n verdiyi suald\u0131r. Bu suala cavab verm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni demokratiya \u00f6z v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259lidir ki, o v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131n \u0259n vacib insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyur v\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, \u0259dal\u0259tli iqtisadi-siyasi qaydalar m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. Bu raket haqq\u0131nda elm deyil: \u018fg\u0259r insanlar g\u00f6r\u00fcrl\u0259rs\u0259 ki, h\u00fcquq sistemi v\u0259 ictimai t\u0259sisatlar onlar\u0131n \u0259leyhin\u0259 yox, xeyri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, o zaman insanlar sistem\u0259 inanma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bu inanc, insanlar\u0131n ke\u00e7id d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 g\u0259tirdiyi \u00e7alxalanmalara d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fc yana\u015fmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. T\u0259sirli, \u015f\u0259ffaf v\u0259 \u00f6nc\u0259g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259si m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan h\u00fcquq sistemi daxil\u0259n ciddi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri olan qruplar\u0131n, xalqa m\u0259xsus olan \u0259mlak\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131 qap\u0131lar araxas\u0131nda s\u00f6vd\u0259l\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, talamas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaqda k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Pol\u015fa v\u0259 Ukranyan\u0131n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rini m\u00fcqayis\u0259 ed\u0259k. Pol\u015fa haz\u0131rda, repressiv d\u00f6vl\u0259t modelind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b inkluziv demokratiya v\u0259 bazar iqtisadiyyat\u0131 yarada bilmi\u015f bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda durur. Onun u\u011furlar\u0131n\u0131n bir qismi struktural iqtisadi islahatlarla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259, pol\u015fal\u0131 islahat\u00e7\u0131lar el\u0259 bir h\u00fcquq sistemi yaratd\u0131lar ki, \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 prosesin\u0259 getm\u0259z\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 korrupsiya fakt\u0131n\u0131 minumuma endir\u0259 bilsinl\u0259r. Bunun \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq, Ukraynada he\u00e7 bir \u0259dal\u0259tli h\u00fcquq sistemi yarada bilm\u0259dil\u0259r. Onun \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 tamamil\u0259 qeyri-obyektiv bir sistem formala\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131lar. Qanun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u0259rab\u0259rlik, qanunlar\u0131n icras\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00f6nc\u0259d\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259si prinsipi v\u0259 ya \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131ml\u0131 mexanizml\u0259rin yarad\u0131lmamas\u0131 sonda Ukraynada 1990-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin bir qrup oliqarx\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131xartmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n M\u00fcbahis\u0259y\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q olsa da, dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, indiki ke\u00e7id ya\u015fayan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Liviya v\u0259 ya Bruma, ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 islahat h\u00fcququn aliliyini ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k islahatlar olar. D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259ffaf aksionun yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ox vacibdir. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259ti v\u0259 qeyri-h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131ran qanunvericiliyin l\u0259\u011fv edilm\u0259si v\u0259 ya yenid\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si vacibdir (Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 ki, Misirin haz\u0131rk\u0131 \u00a0yeni v\u0259 daha repressiv QHT qanunu, narahatl\u0131q do\u011furur). M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259, parlament v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si qanunlar\u0131n icras\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 islahatlar\u0131n u\u011furlu apar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox vacibdir. D\u00fczd\u00fcr, bu \u00e7ox zaman apar\u0131r, amma bu investisiyalar \u00e7ox \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tlidir. Yax\u015f\u0131 x\u0259b\u0259r budur ki, informasiya texnologiyalar\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n daha m\u0259lumatl\u0131 olmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu\u011fundan, haz\u0131rda v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 korrupsiya v\u0259 ya qanun pozuntular\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha b\u00f6y\u00fck imkanlara sahibdirl\u0259r. V\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar sosial-iqtisadi statistikalar, d\u00f6vl\u0259t x\u0259rcl\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259lumatlara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bildiyind\u0259n, v\u0259zif\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin g\u0259lirl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 da m\u0259lumatlar \u0259ld\u0259 edir v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 qanunlar\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259zyiq ed\u0259 bilir.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n 6. G\u00fcc\u00fc payla\u015f\u0131n
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259rk\u0259zi g\u00fcc\u00fcn yerli \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcidar\u0259y\u0259 sahib regionlar aras\u0131nda paylamaq\u00a0ciddi fayda g\u0259tirir. Bu avtoritar rejiml\u0259rd\u0259n sonra qalan g\u00fccl\u00fc m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259tin z\u0259ifl\u0259dilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fch\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, g\u00fcc\u00fcn bu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t qrumlar\u0131n\u0131 insanlar qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha da m\u0259suliyyt\u0259li edir, onlar\u0131 xalqa daha da yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ndoneziyan\u0131n demokratiyas\u0131 m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259tin yerli hakimiyy\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan fayda g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. M\u0259rk\u0259zsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 (Desentralizasiya) \u0130ndoneziyan\u0131n geni\u015f v\u0259 f\u0259rqli arxipelaq co\u011frafiyas\u0131na \u00e7ox uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq, uzun ill\u0259r idi ki, Cakarta m\u0259rk\u0259zli elita m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259ld\u0259n verm\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259rid\u0259n-qab\u0131qdan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131. Amma 1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin sonu, 2000-ci ill\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 ya\u015fanan siyasi v\u0259 iqtisadi \u00e7alxalanmalar, milli birliyi saxlamaq, separatizm\u0259 son qoymaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259tin yerli regionlar aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sinin vacibliyi fikri il\u0259 bar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131. Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklik a\u015fkar bir xeyir g\u0259tirdi: regional v\u0259 yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00fccl\u0259ndikc\u0259, separatist ist\u0259kl\u0259r d\u0259 azalma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Yerli v\u0259 regional r\u0259qab\u0259tlilik art\u0131r, investisiyalar m\u00fchiti geni\u015fl\u0259nir v\u0259 b\u00fcdc\u0259 \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da art\u0131rd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n G\u00fcc\u00fcn yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si Pol\u015fa misal\u0131nda da, ciddi u\u011fur qazand\u0131. Pol\u015fan\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi komunist h\u00f6kum\u0259ti, iqtisadi v\u0259 siyasi olaraq iflasa u\u011frad\u0131qdan sonra, onlardan sonra g\u0259l\u0259n erk\u0259n islahat\u00e7\u0131lar yerli-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcidar\u0259\u00e7iliyi g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rd\u00fcl\u0259r. 1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin sonuna yax\u0131n, Pol\u015fa b\u00fcdc\u0259si \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259tin yar\u0131s\u0131 yerli icmalara verilmi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259rk\u0259zsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, unversal d\u0259rman deyil. Bu, t\u0259sirli yerli \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc idar\u0259\u00e7ilik strukturlar\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. \u00c7\u00fcnki m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 vur\u011funu olan fiqurlar, \u00f6lk\u0259nin stabilliyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 yarada bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, bu kimi islahat kor bir separatizm\u0259 d\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xarda bil\u0259r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n, ke\u00e7id \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri m\u0259rk\u0259zsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 siyas\u0259tind\u0259 \u00e7ox diqq\u0259tli olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bu proses el\u0259 ba\u015f verm\u0259lidir ki, demokratiya bundan z\u0259r\u0259r yox, fayda g\u00f6t\u00fcrs\u00fcn. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Liviya, Mali v\u0259 Bruma kimi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r, ciddi naraz\u0131 \u0259hali il\u0259 \u00fczb\u0259\u00fczd\u00fcr. M\u0259hz bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn regionlar\u0131n ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lamaq \u0259sas qay\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r, \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li t\u0259\u015fkilatlar, QHT-l\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259r oyun\u00e7ular, demokratiyan\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259rk\u0259zsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 siyas\u0259tin\u0259 texniki k\u00f6m\u0259klik etm\u0259li, yerli-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcidar\u0259\u00e7ilik orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n bacar\u0131q v\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini art\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn icma \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n 7. Pis qon\u015fular\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7iynini yax\u015f\u0131 qon\u015fulara s\u00f6yk\u0259
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n Yax\u015f\u0131 qon\u015fular,\u00a0z\u0259rif demokratiyalar\u0131n u\u011fur qazanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox ciddi rola sahibdirl\u0259r. A\u011fr\u0131 zamanlarda vacib iqtisadi, texniki k\u00f6m\u0259klik g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r v\u0259 konstruktiv siyasi t\u0259yziq yolu il\u0259 demokratiyan\u0131n daha da g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k olarlar. Bunun \u0259ksin\u0259, pis qon\u015fular, ke\u00e7idin u\u011fursuzlu\u011fa d\u00fc\u00e7ar olmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcc oyunu, korrupsiyadan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k ziyan vurarlar.\u00a0Qon\u015fuluq b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u0259n s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r olsa da, yaln\u0131z co\u011frafi bir anlay\u0131\u015f deyil. Qon\u015fuluq, h\u0259m iqtisadi birlikl\u0259r – m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Avropa Birliyi, h\u0259m siyasi-h\u0259rbi birlikl\u0259r \u2013 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, NATO v\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni birlikl\u0259r ola bil\u0259r. Qon\u015fular, onunla eyni maraq v\u0259 talel\u0259ri ya\u015fayan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin ke\u00e7diyi yola ciddi t\u0259sir edir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Pol\u015fa, \u0130ndoneziya v\u0259 Meksikada qon\u015fular pozitiv bir rol oynayaraq yerli islahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n islahatlar\u0131n\u0131n u\u011fur qazanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 u\u011fursuzlu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k oldular. Amma, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Ukraynada, Rusiyada son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 rol oynayaraq, enerji sektorunda korrupsiyan\u0131n v\u0259 \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 is\u0259 k\u00f6lg\u0259 iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131na ciddi d\u0259st\u0259k oldu.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Yax\u015f\u0131 qon\u015fular\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq, o zaman xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r, beyn\u0259lxalq v\u0259 regional t\u0259\u015fkilatlar pis qon\u015fular\u0131n t\u0259sirini z\u0259r\u0259rsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi c\u0259hdl\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Beyn\u0259lxalq inki\u015faf banklar\u0131 bu i\u015fd\u0259 ciddi rol oynamaq imkan\u0131na sahibdirl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n oturu\u015fmu\u015f m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r sistemi, b\u00f6y\u00fck kapitala sahib olmalar\u0131, ekspert qrupu yerli islahat\u00e7\u0131lara d\u0259st\u0259k olmaqla, iqtisadiyyat\u0131n yenid\u0259n qurulmas\u0131 v\u0259 inkluziv inki\u015faf \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259r olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sovetl\u0259r Birliyi da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra Pol\u015fa v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015e\u0259rqi Avropa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin ke\u00e7idini u\u011furlu olmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol alan Avropa Biliyi kimi, haz\u0131da regional t\u0259\u015fkilatlar olan Q\u0259rbi Afrika \u0130qtisadi Birliyi v\u0259 ya C\u0259nubi-\u015e\u0259rqi Asiya Mill\u0259tl\u0259r \u0130ttifaq\u0131 demokratik ke\u00e7id ya\u015fayan \u00f6z regionundak\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259sasl\u0131 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130qtisadi v\u0259 siyasi \u201cqon\u015fular\u201d demokratiyan\u0131n qurulmas\u0131nda yerli islahat\u00e7\u0131lar d\u0259st\u0259k olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iki ciddi al\u0259t\u0259 sahibdir: texniki d\u0259st\u0259k v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rtli d\u0259st\u0259k. Yax\u015f\u0131 qon\u015fular texniki k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259, d\u00f6vl\u0259t b\u00fcrokratik aparat\u0131n\u0131n bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ekspert d\u0259st\u0259yi ver\u0259, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f c\u0259miyy\u0259tini v\u0259 dig\u0259r qurumlar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259siz rol oynaya bil\u0259rl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n * * *<\/p>\n

\u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, repressiv d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259n a\u00e7\u0131q v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tli c\u0259miyy\u0259tin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 ke\u00e7id \u00e7ox a\u011f\u0131r prosesdir v\u0259 bu problemi aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259kt\u0259r\u0259fli v\u0259 biry\u00f6nl\u00fc h\u0259ll yolu yoxdur. Tarix, mill\u0259tl\u0259rin taleyini yaln\u0131z \u201cqaydalar kitab\u0131\u201dn\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan axmaqlarla doludur. Amma yen\u0259 d\u0259 bizim sadalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z qaydalar demokratiyan\u0131n m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259si yolunda d\u0259y\u0259rli v\u0259sit\u0259 ola bil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n 18 \u0130yul 2013 –
\n
\n Foreignpolicy.com
\n <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131
\n\u0130slahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn<\/p>\n

ISOBEL COLEMAN v\u0259 TERRA LAWSON-REMER<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":57010,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-176423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDemokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 \u0130slahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ISOBEL COLEMAN v\u0259 TERRA LAWSON-REMER\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MEYDAN.TV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-06-03T19:21:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/21568.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"user-manager\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"user-manager\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/10d11eccf6da3662cf5fdab9806ea91a\"},\"headline\":\"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-06-03T19:21:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":5155,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/21568.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"M\u0259nim Fikrimc\u0259\"],\"inLanguage\":\"az\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/\",\"name\":\"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/21568.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-06-03T19:21:28+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"az\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"az\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/21568.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/21568.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":630,\"caption\":\"Source:\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/article\\\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ana s\u0259hif\u0259\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"M\u0259nim Fikrimc\u0259\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/section\\\/menim-fikrimce\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/\",\"name\":\"MEYDAN.TV\",\"description\":\"Meydan TV Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n media m\u0259kan\u0131ndak\u0131 alternativ s\u0259sidir\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"az\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Meydan TV\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"az\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/07\\\/meydan-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/07\\\/meydan-logo.svg\",\"width\":195,\"height\":46,\"caption\":\"Meydan TV\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meydan.tv\\\/az\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/10d11eccf6da3662cf5fdab9806ea91a\",\"name\":\"user-manager\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/","og_locale":"az_AZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV","og_description":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 \u0130slahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ISOBEL COLEMAN v\u0259 TERRA LAWSON-REMER","og_url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/","og_site_name":"MEYDAN.TV","article_published_time":"2016-06-03T19:21:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":630,"url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/21568.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"user-manager","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/"},"author":{"name":"user-manager","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#\/schema\/person\/10d11eccf6da3662cf5fdab9806ea91a"},"headline":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131","datePublished":"2016-06-03T19:21:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/"},"wordCount":5155,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/21568.jpg","articleSection":["M\u0259nim Fikrimc\u0259"],"inLanguage":"az"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/","url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/","name":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131 - MEYDAN.TV","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/21568.jpg","datePublished":"2016-06-03T19:21:28+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"az","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"az","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/21568.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/21568.jpg","width":1200,"height":630,"caption":"Source:"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/demokratik-kecid-etmek-isteyenler-ucun-istifadeci-qaydasi\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ana s\u0259hif\u0259","item":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"M\u0259nim Fikrimc\u0259","item":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/section\/menim-fikrimce\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Demokratik ke\u00e7id etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7i Qaydas\u0131"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/","name":"MEYDAN.TV","description":"Meydan TV Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n media m\u0259kan\u0131ndak\u0131 alternativ s\u0259sidir","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"az"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#organization","name":"Meydan TV","url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"az","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/meydan-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/meydan-logo.svg","width":195,"height":46,"caption":"Meydan TV"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/#\/schema\/person\/10d11eccf6da3662cf5fdab9806ea91a","name":"user-manager"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=176423"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/176423\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=176423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=176423"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=176423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}