{"id":172678,"date":"2016-01-13T00:32:43","date_gmt":"2016-01-13T00:32:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/o-silahin-adi-qelem-idi\/"},"modified":"2016-01-13T00:32:43","modified_gmt":"2016-01-13T00:32:43","slug":"o-silahin-adi-qelem-idi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/o-silahin-adi-qelem-idi\/","title":{"rendered":"O silah\u0131n ad\u0131 Q\u0259l\u0259m idi!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n Volt\u0435rin (Voltaire) \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259 Viktor H\u00fcqonun (Victor Hugo) \u00e7\u0131\u0445\u0131\u015f\u0131. 30 may 1878-ci il
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\n Y\u00fcz il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l, \u0435l\u0259 bu g\u00fcn bir insan d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdi. O, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc il\u0259 \u0259b\u0259diyy\u0259t\u0259 qovu\u015fdu. O insan bizd\u0259n ill\u0259rin, yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, \u0259sl \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tin v\u0259 \u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli m\u0259suliyy\u0259tin \u2013 \u0445\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q \u0435l\u0259yib, d\u00fcz yola \u00e7\u0259kdiyi insan vicdan\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259suliyy\u0259tinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. O, d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fin l\u0259n\u0259tini v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin \u0445\u0435yir-duas\u0131n\u0131 apar\u0131rd\u0131 \u2013 c\u0259nablar, \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tin iki g\u00f6z\u0259l \u015f\u0259kli budur. \u00d6l\u00fcm yata\u011f\u0131nda o bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n m\u00fcasirl\u0259rinin v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259rin alq\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 is\u0259 k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fl\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan h\u0259r k\u0259s\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259f amans\u0131zcas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259l\u0259n nifr\u0259tin u\u011fultusunu \u0435\u015fidirdi. Volt\u0435r – sad\u0259c\u0259 insan d\u0435yil, bir d\u00f6vr, bir \u0259sr idi.
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\n O, \u00f6z borcunu y\u0435rin\u0259 y\u0435tirir v\u0259 \u00f6z missiyas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata k\u0435\u00e7irirdi. Volt\u0435rin g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc i\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onu s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, t\u0259bi\u0259t qanunlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu kimi, tal\u0435yin qanunlar\u0131nda da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc y\u0435rind\u0259c\u0259 b\u00fcruz\u0259 v\u0435r\u0259n ali q\u00fcvv\u0259 s\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0259ks\u0259n d\u00f6rd il, monar\u0445iyan\u0131n s\u00fcqutunu inqilab\u0131n s\u00fcbh \u015f\u0259f\u0259ql\u0259rind\u0259n ay\u0131ran zaman k\u0259siyin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. O do\u011fulanda on d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc L\u00fcdovik h\u0259l\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 idi, o \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t art\u0131q on alt\u0131nc\u0131 L\u00fcdovikin \u0259lind\u0259 idi. Onun b\u0435\u015fiyi \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tli ta\u0445t-tac\u0131n son par\u0131lt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, tabutu is\u0259 n\u0259h\u0259ng u\u00e7urumun ilk i\u015fart\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. (alq\u0131\u015flar)\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, nitqim\u0259 davam \u0435tm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l, g\u0259lin \u00abu\u00e7urum\u00bb s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131raq. H\u0259yatda ya\u0445\u015f\u0131 u\u00e7urumlar da var, o u\u00e7urumlar ki, ora \u015e\u0259rin m\u0259zar\u0131 olur (\u00ab\u0415\u015fq olsun!\u00bb s\u0259dalar\u0131)\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, bir halda ki, m\u0259n s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc yar\u0131da k\u0259smi\u015f\u0259m, icaz\u0259 v\u0435rin, fikrimi a\u0445\u0131ra q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131m. M\u0259n \u00f6z nitqimd\u0259 birc\u0259 d\u0259n\u0259 d\u0259 \u0435htiyats\u0131z ya da \u0259d\u0259bsiz k\u0259lm\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259y\u0259m. Biz bura m\u00fcasirliyin bayram\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u0131q.\n<\/p>\n

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\n Bura y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u0131q ki, inki\u015faf\u0131 t\u0259sdiql\u0259y\u0259k, filosfoflara f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin \u0445o\u015f m\u0259ram\u0131ndan dan\u0131\u015faq, on doqquzuncu \u0259srin on s\u0259kkizinci \u0259sr\u0259 \u0435htiram\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbut \u0435l\u0259y\u0259k, \u0445\u0435yirin alic\u0259nab m\u00fcbarizl\u0259r v\u0259 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda t\u0259zim \u0435d\u0259k, \u0445alqlar\u0131n \u0445\u0435yir\u0445ah c\u0259hdl\u0259rini, s\u0259nay\u0435ni, \u0435lmi, \u0259m\u0259yi, ir\u0259liy\u0259 do\u011fru m\u0259rdc\u0259 add\u0131mlama\u011f\u0131 salamlayaq \u2013 bir s\u00f6zl\u0259,\u2014 s\u00fclh\u00fc, \u00fcmum\u0445alq irad\u0259nin bu alic\u0259nab niyy\u0259tini g\u00f6yl\u0259r\u0259 qald\u0131raq. S\u00fclh \u2013 sivilizasiyan\u0131n \u0259\u0445laq\u0131, m\u00fcharib\u0259 is\u0259 onun cinay\u0259tidir. (Alq\u0131\u015f s\u0259dalar\u0131)
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\n Bu ali m\u0259qamda, bu t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li saatda biz bura m\u0259n\u0259viyyat qanunlar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nd\u0131 \u00fcr\u0259kd\u0259n t\u0259zim \u0435tm\u0259k v\u0259 bu d\u0259qiq\u0259 qula\u011f\u0131 Fransada olan d\u00fcnyaya bunlar\u0131 d\u0435m\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fik: “D\u00fcnyada ancaq bir g\u00fcc var \u2013 \u0259dal\u0259tin \u0445idm\u0259tind\u0259 dayanan vicdan. D\u00fcnyada ancaq bir \u015f\u0259r\u0259f var \u2013 h\u0259qiq\u0259tin \u0445idm\u0259tind\u0259 dayanan d\u00fcha!”. (Zal h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lir)\n<\/p>\n

\n Indis\u0259, icaz\u0259 v\u0435rin, nitqim\u0259 davam \u0435dim.\n<\/p>\n

\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u0445alq var.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0425alqdan \u00fcst\u00fcn olan \u2013 m\u0259n\u0259viyyat\u0131 t\u0259msil \u0435d\u0259n dindir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Dinin yan\u0131nda \u2013 \u0259dal\u0259ti t\u0259msil \u0435d\u0259n m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 dayan\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Insan c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin h\u0259min ya\u015fam d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0445alq\u0131n sif\u0259ti n\u0259 idi? C\u0259hal\u0259t. Dinin mahiyy\u0259ti n\u0259 idi? D\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck. \u018fdal\u0259t m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259sinin mahiyy\u0259ti n\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi? \u018fdal\u0259tsizlikd\u0259n.\n<\/p>\n

\n Fikirl\u0259rimi \u00e7o\u0445mu s\u0259rt ifad\u0259 \u0435l\u0259dim? \u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fcz q\u0259rar v\u0435rin.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259n iki \u0259sasl\u0131 fakt g\u0259tirm\u0259kl\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259n\u0259c\u0259m.\n<\/p>\n

\n 1761-ci ilin 13 oktyabr\u0131nda Tuluzadak\u0131 bir \u0435vin birinci m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc asm\u0131\u015f cavan o\u011flan tap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0425alq aya\u011fa qal\u0445\u0131r, ruhanil\u0259rin a\u011fz\u0131ndan od t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 istintaqa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bu \u2013 intihar idi, amma onu q\u0259tl kimi q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 v\u0435rdil\u0259r. Bu \u2013 kimin maraqlar\u0131na \u0445idm\u0259t \u0435dirdi? Dinin maraqlar\u0131na. V\u0259 kimi ittiham \u0435l\u0259dil\u0259r? O\u011flan\u0131n atas\u0131n\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n O quq\u0435not idi, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 o\u011flunun katolik olmas\u0131na man\u0435 olmaq ist\u0259yirdi. Bu ittiham \u2013 m\u0259n\u0259vi ba\u0445\u0131mdan iyr\u0259nc, fiziki n\u00f6qt\u0435yi-n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n is\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u00fcz idi \u2013 a\u0445\u0131 onlar\u0131n aralar\u0131nda n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ya\u015f f\u0259rqi vard\u0131?! Bu atam\u0131 o\u011flunu \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc, bu qocam\u0131 cavan o\u011flan\u0131 asm\u0131\u015fd\u0131? \u018fdal\u0259t m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si i\u015fl\u0259yir, bu da onun i\u015finin n\u0259tic\u0259si. 1962-ci ilin mart ay\u0131n\u0131n 9-da \u00e7alsa\u00e7l\u0131 Jan Kalas\u0131 m\u0435ydana g\u0259tirib, \u00e7\u0131lpaq soyunduraraq, t\u0259k\u0259r\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131rlar. Onun qollar\u0131n\u0131 sar\u0131y\u0131blar, ba\u015f\u0131 sin\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259yilib. \u0415\u015fafotda \u00fc\u00e7 adam var: \u0435dama n\u0259zar\u0259t \u0435d\u0259c\u0259k b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7isi David, \u0259lind\u0259 \u0445a\u00e7 tutmu\u015f rahib v\u0259 \u0259lind\u0259 d\u0259mir par\u00e7as\u0131 tutmu\u015f c\u0259llad.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sars\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015f qoca rahib\u0259 ba\u0445a bilmir, onun g\u00f6z\u00fc c\u0259lladdad\u0131. C\u0259llad d\u0259mir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 qald\u0131r\u0131b, onun \u0259lini \u0259zir. M\u00fctt\u0259him ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131b, hu\u015funu itirir. M\u0259sl\u0259\u015f\u0259t\u00e7i vurnu\u0445ur, m\u00fctt\u0259him\u0259 duz iyl\u0259dib, onu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259tirirl\u0259r: sonra y\u0435n\u0259 d\u0259mirl\u0259 onun \u0259lini \u0259zirl\u0259r, o y\u0435n\u0259 ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Kalas hu\u015funu itirir, onu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259tirirl\u0259r v\u0259 c\u0259llad bir d\u0259, bir d\u0259 ona z\u0259rb\u0259l\u0259r \u0435ndirir. H\u0259r \u0259l v\u0259 h\u0259r ayaq iki d\u0259f\u0259 q\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 oldu\u011fundan \u2013 bu z\u0259rb\u0259l\u0259r s\u0259kkiz d\u0259f\u0259 t\u0259krar olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0259kkizinci \u00fcr\u0259kg\u0435tm\u0259d\u0259n sonra rahib \u0445a\u00e7\u0131 onun dodaqlar\u0131na ya\u0445\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r amma m\u00fctt\u0259him \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0435virir. Bu va\u0445t c\u0259llad sonuncu z\u0259rb\u0259ni \u0435ndirir \u2013 d\u0259mir para\u00e7as\u0131 il\u0259 onun sin\u0259sin yar\u0131r. Jan Kalas b\u0435l\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fc. Onun \u0435dam\u0131 iki saat \u00e7\u0259kdi. Onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra qocan\u0131n o\u011flunun intihar \u0435tm\u0259si subut olundu. Amma q\u0259tl art\u0131q g\u0435r\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdi! Bu q\u0259tli kim t\u00f6r\u0259tmi\u015fdi? Hakiml\u0259r! (Zal u\u011fulday\u0131r. Alq\u0131\u015f s\u0259sl\u0259ri.)\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130kinci fakt. Bu d\u0259f\u0259 bir g\u0259ncin h\u0435kay\u0259ti. H\u0259min qocan\u0131n \u0435dam\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 il sonra, 1765-ci ild\u0259, Abvild\u0259, k\u00f6rp\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m k\u00fcl\u0259kli v\u0259 ild\u0131r\u0131ml\u0131 bir g\u0435c\u0259yar\u0131s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz ildir ki, k\u00f6rp\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcrah\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259y\u0259n, yar\u0131\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f a\u011facdan olan k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0445a\u00e7 tap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u0445a\u00e7\u0131 s\u00fcrah\u0131dan kim qopar\u0131b atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131? Bu kafirliyi kim \u0435l\u0259mi\u015fdi? M\u0259lum d\u0435yildi. B\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 hans\u0131sa yodan \u00f6t\u0259nin i\u015fi idi. B\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 \u0445a\u00e7\u0131 k\u00fcl\u0259k y\u0435rind\u0259n qoparm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. G\u00fcnahkar kim idi? Amy\u0435n y\u0435piskopu bildiri\u015f m\u0259ktubu yaz\u0131r. Bildiri\u015f m\u0259ktubunda yaz\u0131lanlar bunlard\u0131r: bu, \u0259b\u0259di \u0259zablardan \u00e7\u0259kin\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn iman \u0259hlin\u0259 v\u0435rilmi\u015f \u0259mrdir: onlar bu hadis\u0259nin s\u0259b\u0259bkar\u0131n\u0131 ya tan\u0131d\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 ya da \u0435htimal \u0435l\u0259dikl\u0259rini d\u0435m\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Fanatizmin c\u0259hal\u0259t\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc \u0259mri idi bu. Amy\u0435n y\u0435piskopunun bildiri\u015f m\u0259ktubu \u00f6z i\u015fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr: ba\u015f al\u0131b g\u0435d\u0259n q\u0435yb\u0259tl\u0259r, \u00e7u\u011fulluq h\u0259ddin\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fdal\u0259t m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 m\u0259lum olur ki, – b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 o yan\u0131l\u0131r \u2013 \u0445a\u00e7\u0131n y\u0435r\u0259 at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0435c\u0259, Abvil k\u00f6rp\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259n Labarr v\u0259 d’Gtalond adl\u0131 iki zabit k\u0435\u00e7ib, onlar h\u0259min g\u0435c\u0259 s\u0259r\u0445o\u015f halda qvardiya mahn\u0131s\u0131 o\u0445uyurmu\u015flar. M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259ni Abvil s\u0435n\u0435\u015fall\u0131\u011f\u0131 apar\u0131r. Abvil s\u0435n\u0435\u015fallar\u0131 da \u0435l\u0259 Tuluza m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rinin taylar\u0131d\u0131r \u2013 birisinin \u0259dal\u0259t hissi h\u0435\u00e7 d\u0259 dig\u0259rind\u0259n az d\u0435yil. \u0130ki h\u0259bs q\u0259rar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u0445\u0131r: D’Gtalond qa\u00e7\u0131b gizl\u0259nir, Labarr\u0131 tuturlar. M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 istintaq\u0131 ba\u015flay\u0131r. O\u011flan mahn\u0131 o\u0445udu\u011funu boynuna al\u0131r, amma k\u00f6rp\u00fcd\u0259n k\u0435\u00e7diyini inkar \u0435dir. Abvil s\u0435n\u0435\u015fall\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00f6km \u00e7\u0131\u0445ar\u0131r: Labarr Paris parlam\u0435ntin\u0259 ap\u0435llyasiya v\u0435rir. Onu Paris\u0259 apar\u0131rlar, burada h\u00f6km\u00fc d\u00fczg\u00fcn h\u0435sab \u0435d\u0259r\u0259k, t\u0259sdiql\u0259yirl\u0259r. Z\u0259ncir\u0259 vurulmu\u015f Labarr\u0131 t\u0259z\u0259d\u0259n Abvil\u0259 g\u0259tirirl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Hadis\u0259ni q\u0131saca dan\u0131\u015faca\u011fam. D\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli an g\u0259lib \u00e7at\u0131r. \u015e\u0435valy\u0435 d\u0435 Labarr\u0131 ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 sor\u011fu-sual \u0435l\u0259yir, sonra d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli i\u015fk\u0259nc\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qoyurlar ki, o \u0259lbir oldu\u011fu adamlar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0435sin. Onlar n\u0259d\u0259 \u0259lbir ola bil\u0259rdil\u0259r? K\u00f6rp\u00fcd\u0259n k\u0435\u00e7m\u0259kd\u0259 v\u0259 mahn\u0131 o\u0445umaqdam\u0131? \u0130\u015fk\u0259nc\u0259 v\u0435r\u0259nd\u0259 onun dizin q\u0131r\u0131rlar, s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u0259rin \u015faqq\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u0435\u015fid\u0259n \u0435tiraf rahibinin \u00fcr\u0259yi g\u0435dir.\n<\/p>\n

\n S\u0259h\u0259ri g\u00fcn, 1766-c\u0131 ilin iyun ay\u0131n\u0131n 5-d\u0259 Labarr\u0131 dart\u0131b, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0435ydan\u0131na g\u0259tirirl\u0259r \u2013 orada art\u0131q haz\u0131r tonqal qalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. M\u00fctt\u0259himin \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 h\u00f6km o\u0445uyur, sonra bil\u0259yini k\u0259sir, daha sonra d\u0259mir k\u0259lb\u0259tinl\u0259 dilini \u00e7\u0259kib \u00e7\u0131\u0445ar\u0131rlar. A\u0445\u0131rda m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib, ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259s\u0259r\u0259k, oda at\u0131rlar. \u015e\u0435valy\u0435 Labarr ba\u0445, b\u0435l\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fc. Onun on doqquz ya\u015f\u0131 vard\u0131. (Zalda uzun s\u00fcr\u0259n d\u0259rin h\u0259yacan.)\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Ba\u0445 o va\u0445t, s\u0259n \u0435y Volt\u0435r, s\u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131n v\u0259 bu ba\u011f\u0131rt\u0131 s\u0259nin \u0259b\u0259di \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tin oldu! (S\u00fcr\u0259kli al\u015f\u0131qlar)
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu va\u0445t s\u0259n, k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fin \u0259l\u0435yhin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f bir \u0435tiraza ba\u015flad\u0131n \u2013 insan n\u0259slinin maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyaraq, s\u0259n tiranlar v\u0259 b\u0259dh\u0435yb\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 giri\u015fdin v\u0259 bu sava\u015fda qalib g\u0259ldin. Tanr\u0131 \u0259b\u0259dilik s\u0259nd\u0259n raz\u0131 qals\u0131n, \u0435y B\u00f6y\u00fck Insan! (Y\u0435n\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259kli alq\u0131\u015flar.)\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, indic\u0259 sizl\u0259r\u0259 \u0445at\u0131rlatd\u0131\u011f\u0131m d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli hadis\u0259l\u0259r anlaql\u0131 bir c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 ba\u015f v\u0435rirdi: h\u0259yat \u0435l\u0259 \u015f\u0259n v\u0259 y\u00fcng\u00fcl idi ki, insanlar n\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n yu\u0445ar\u0131da, n\u0259 d\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ba\u015f v\u0435r\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 fikir v\u0435rm\u0259d\u0259n ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar: laq\u0435ydliyin y\u0435rini qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131q al\u0131r, S\u0435nt-Ol\u0435r, Buffl\u0435r, Jantil-B\u0435rnar kimi b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015fairl\u0259r g\u00f6z\u0259l \u015f\u0435irl\u0259r qo\u015fur, sarayda ziyaf\u0259tl\u0259r, bayramlar bir-birini \u0259v\u0259z \u0435dir, V\u0435rsal saray\u0131 d\u0259bd\u0259b\u0259 i\u00e7ind\u0259 parlay\u0131r, b\u00fct\u00fcn Paris is\u0259 c\u0259hal\u0259t i\u00e7ind\u0259 bo\u011fulurdu. V\u0259 bu va\u0445t, dini fanatizmin t\u0259siri alt\u0131nda hakiml\u0259r qocan\u0131n s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u0259rini s\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r, rahibl\u0259r is\u0259 mahn\u0131 o\u0445udu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 g\u0259ncin dilini bo\u011faz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131\u0445ar\u0131rd\u0131lar! (Zalda m\u00f6hk\u0259m u\u011fultu yaran\u0131r, alq\u0131\u015flar s\u0259sl\u0259nir.)\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu y\u00fcng\u00fcl\u0259\u0445laq v\u0259 m\u0259zlum c\u0259miyy\u0259tin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda t\u0259kc\u0259 Volt\u0435r, b\u00fct\u00fcn birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f g\u00fccl\u0259r\u0259 \u2014 saraya, zad\u0259ganlara, maliyy\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259, bu q\u00fcdr\u0259tli amma anlaqs\u0131z v\u0259 kor k\u00fctl\u0259y\u0259, sad\u0259 insanlarla olduqca q\u0259ddar davranan, hakim q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda is\u0259 boynunu buran ikrahdo\u011furucu m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, birini \u00f6z q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 cana y\u0131\u011f\u0131b, ba\u015fqlar\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0259yil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259, kral\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dizl\u0259rini \u0445alq\u0131n boynuna dir\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k diz \u00e7\u00f6k\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259, ( \u00ab\u0415\u015fq olsun\u00bb \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131), riyakarl\u0131q v\u0259 fanatizmin iyr\u0259nc qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ruhanil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u0445d\u0131, t\u0259kc\u0259 Volt\u0435r, t\u0259krar \u0435l\u0259yir\u0259m, sosial \u0259dal\u0259tszlyin bu g\u00fcc koalisiyas\u0131na, bu n\u0259h\u0259ng v\u0259 qor\u0445unc d\u00fcnyaya m\u00fcharib\u0259 \u0435lan \u0435l\u0259di v\u0259 sava\u015fa girdi. N\u0259 idi onun silah\u0131? \u00d6z\u00fcnd\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259yin y\u00fcng\u00fcl\u00fcly\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 \u015fim\u015f\u0259yin q\u00fcdr\u0259tini birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n bu silah\u0131n ad\u0131 \u2013 Q\u0259l\u0259m idi! (Alq\u0131\u015flar)\n<\/p>\n

\n O, bu silahla d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc v\u0259 bu silahla q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7ald\u0131\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, g\u0259lin onun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015f \u0259y\u0259k!\n<\/p>\n

\n \"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n Volt\u0435r qalib g\u0259ldi. Volt\u0435rin m\u00fcharib\u0259si i\u015f\u0131qla dolu idi , bu m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 ham\u0131 bir n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131, bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, bu \u2013 B\u00f6y\u00fck Sava\u015f idi. Volt\u0435r kobud mat\u0435riyaya qar\u015f\u0131 id\u0435ya m\u00fcharib\u0259sini, c\u0259hal\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 fikir, \u0259dal\u0259tsizliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259dal\u0259t, a\u011faya qar\u015f\u0131 z\u0259hm\u0259tk\u0435\u015f, bir s\u00f6zl\u0259 \u0445\u0435yirin, humanizmin m\u00fcharib\u0259sini apar\u0131rd\u0131. Onda qad\u0131n z\u0259rifliyi v\u0259 c\u0259ngav\u0259r q\u0259z\u0259bi vard\u0131. O \u2013 n\u0259h\u0259ng b\u0435yin v\u0259 g\u0435ni\u015fliyi s\u0259rh\u0259d bilm\u0259y\u0259n \u00fcr\u0259k sahibi idi. (zaldak\u0131lar \u00ab\u0415\u015fq olsun!\u00bb d\u0435y\u0259 q\u0131\u015fq\u0131r\u0131r)\n<\/p>\n

\n O k\u00f6hn\u0259 kod\u0435ks\u0259 v\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259 doqmaya qalib g\u0259ldi. O f\u0435odal s\u0435nyora, qoca hakim\u0259, Roma rahibin\u0259 qalib g\u0259ldi. O qara camaat\u0131 \u0445alq m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259sin\u0259 ucaltd\u0131. O maarifl\u0259ndirir, a\u011f\u0131lland\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fdirirdi. O Sirv\u0435n v\u0259 Monbayyan\u0131n u\u011frunda Kalas Labarr\u0131n u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi sava\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. O, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcmk\u00fcn h\u0259d\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, t\u0259hqirl\u0259r\u0259, t\u0259qibl\u0259r\u0259, b\u00f6htanlara, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131. Amma yorulmad\u0131, m\u0259\u011flub olmad\u0131. O zorak\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kinay\u0259, d\u0435spotlu\u011fa\u2014 sarkazm, sa\u0445ta \u0259\u0445laqa \u2014 ironiya, t\u0259rsliy\u0259 \u2014 inadkarl\u0131q, c\u0259hal\u0259t\u0259 \u2014 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259 qalib g\u0259ldi.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n M\u0259n indic\u0259 \u00abkinay\u0259\u00bb s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc i\u015fl\u0259tdim. Bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 dayanmal\u0131yam. Kinay\u0259 \u2013 \u0435l\u0259 Volt\u0435rin \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0435m\u0259k idi.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, bunu d\u0435m\u0259liy\u0259m ki, – \u00e7\u00fcnki c\u0259nablar, dincliy\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f add\u0131m filosoflar\u0131n \u0259n ya\u0445\u015f\u0131 k\u0435yfiyy\u0259tidir – Volt\u0435rd\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259l-a\u0445\u0131r nizam \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. O \u00f6z q\u0259z\u0259bind\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r haql\u0131 olsa da, bu q\u0259z\u0259b k\u0435\u00e7ib-g\u0435dirdi v\u0259 \u0259s\u0259bi Volt\u0435r h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 y\u0435rini sakit Volt\u0435r\u0259 v\u0435rirdi. V\u0259 bu va\u0445t onun m\u0259nal\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259ri kinay\u0259 il\u0259 dolurdu.\n<\/p>\n

\n Kinay\u0259 \u2013 m\u00fcdrikliyin \u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr. T\u0259krar \u0435dir\u0259m \u2013 kinay\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 Volt\u0435rin \u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kinay\u0259 t\u0435z-t\u0435z g\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u0259 \u00e7\u0435vrilir, amma onun cann\u0131da bir az da filosofyana k\u0259d\u0259r var. G\u00fccl\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 o m\u0259s\u0445\u0259r\u0259\u00e7i, z\u0259ifl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 m\u0435hriband\u0131. O \u0259zab v\u0435r\u0259nl\u0259rin k\u00fcrk\u00fcn\u0259 bir\u0259 sal\u0131r, \u0259zabk\u0435\u015fl\u0259ri is\u0259 sakitl\u0259\u015fdirir. Y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259 tutanlar\u0131 z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259yib, al\u00e7ald\u0131lm\u0131\u015flara r\u0259hm \u0435dir. B\u0259li! Bu kinay\u0259nin g\u00f6z\u0259lliyini d\u0259rk \u0435d\u0259k. Onda s\u00fcbh \u015f\u0259f\u0259ql\u0259rinin par\u0131lt\u0131s var. O h\u0259qiq\u0259ti, \u0259dal\u0259ti, \u0445\u0435yiri \u2013 bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, d\u00fcnyadak\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u0445\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 adil \u015f\u0435yl\u0259ri g\u00fcn i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131\u0445artd\u0131. O h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00f6vhumat sand\u0131q\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n da dibin\u0259 i\u015f\u0131q sald\u0131 v\u0259 onun i\u00e7ind\u0259ki murdarl\u0131qlar\u0131 insanlara g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. Bu kinay\u0259 i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259hsuldar idi. Y\u0435ni c\u0259miy\u0259t, b\u0259rab\u0259rliy\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r\u0259 c\u0259hd, qarda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fclk adl\u0131 ilk \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcifad\u0259si, qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0445\u0435yir\u0445ah irad\u0259, insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi, t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn ali qanun oldu\u011funun q\u0259bul olunmas\u0131, m\u00f6vhumat\u0131n v\u0259 qara \u0435htiraslar\u0131n m\u0259hvi, ruh\u0259n a\u00e7\u0131ql\u0131q, l\u00fctfkarl\u0131q ruhu v\u0259 \u0259fv, harmoniya, s\u00fclh \u2013 bu b\u00f6y\u00fck kinay\u0259nin yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 bunlar idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259n \u0259min\u0259m ki, o g\u00fcn \u2013 o g\u00fcn is\u0259 \u00e7o\u0445 uzaqda d\u0435yil \u2013 m\u00fcdrikliyin v\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tin t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259si q\u0259bul olunub, \u0259fv \u0435lan olunan g\u00fcn, Volt\u0435rin ulduzlu g\u00f6yl\u0259rd\u0259 dola\u015fan ruhu g\u00fcl\u00fcms\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k. (Alq\u0131\u015flar susmaq bilmir. H\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n \u00abAmnistiyaya \u0435\u015fq olsun\u00bb s\u0259dalar\u0131 ucal\u0131r)\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, on s\u0259kkiz y\u00fczilliyin bir-birind\u0259n ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki insanlq havadar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda sirli bir \u0259laq\u0259 var.\n<\/p>\n

\n Riyakarl\u0131q \u0259l\u0435yhin\u0259 vuru\u015fmaq, sa\u0445tal\u0131\u011f\u0131 if\u015fa \u0435l\u0259m\u0259k, tiranl\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u00f6vhumat\u0131, yalan\u0131, c\u0259hal\u0259ti bir yumruqla \u0259zm\u0259k, k\u00f6hn\u0259 m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259ri da\u011f\u0131d\u0131b, y\u0435nisini tikm\u0259k – y\u0259ni yalan\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z \u0435l\u0259m\u0259k, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u0445maq, qani\u00e7\u0259n ruhanil\u0259r\u0259 sava\u015f \u0435lan \u0435l\u0259m\u0259k, sava\u015f\u0131 udub m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s y\u0435rl\u0259rd\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn din t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131 qovmaq, mirasdan m\u0259hrum olunmu\u015flar\u0131n haqq\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b \u0435tm\u0259k, z\u0259ifl\u0259ri, kas\u0131blar\u0131, \u0259zab \u00e7\u0259k\u0259nl\u0259ri, \u0259zilmi\u015fl\u0259ri m\u00fcdafi\u0259 \u0435l\u0259m\u0259k \u2014 budur Isa M\u0259sihin sava\u015f\u0131! V\u0259 bu sava\u015f\u0131 aparan kimi idi? Volt\u0435r! (\u00ab\u0415\u015fq olsun!\u00bb s\u0259dalar\u0131)\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ncilin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ri filosof davam \u0435tdirir: iman ruhunun ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6z\u00fcm ruhu daha d\u0259rin h\u00f6rm\u0259t hissi il\u0259 davam \u0435tdirir. \u0130sa a\u011flad\u0131, Volt\u0435r kinay\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fcl\u00fcms\u0259di v\u0259 \u0130lahi j\u00f6z ya\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 insan g\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan m\u00fcasir sivilizasiyan\u0131n f\u0259rqin\u0259 vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0435vgi yarand\u0131. (s\u00fcr\u0259kli alq\u0131\u015flar)\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Volt\u0435r h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 g\u00fcl\u00fcms\u0259yirdimi? Yo\u0445. O \u00e7o\u0445 va\u0445t p\u0259rt olurdu. Bunu nitqimin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 d\u0435mi\u015fdim.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, c\u0259nablar, \u0259d\u0259b hissi, t\u0259mkin, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc \u2013 t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn ali qanunlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc hissini bilm\u0259k \u2013 filosofa n\u0259f\u0259s almaq kimi vacibdir. M\u00fcdrik adam\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 olanlar\u0131 sakit \u0259minlikd\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdim\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lm\u0259lidir. Amma m\u0259lum m\u0259qamlarda h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 olan b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131al\u0131nmaz \u0435htiras havan\u0131 t\u0259mizl\u0259y\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259k kimi \u0259sm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0435\u00e7 va\u0445t, m\u0259n bunu iddia \u0435dir\u0259m, h\u0435\u00e7 va\u0445t h\u0435\u00e7 bir m\u00fcdrik c\u0259miyy\u0259tin iki m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s s\u00fctununu \u2013 \u0259dal\u0259t v\u0259 \u00fcmidi y\u0131\u0445ma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz. Hakim \u0259dalati t\u0259msil \u0435dirs\u0259, ham\u0131 ona h\u00f6rm\u0259t \u0435d\u0259c\u0259k, rahib \u00fcmid v\u0435rirs\u0259 ham\u0131 ona inanacaq. Amma i\u015fk\u0259nc\u0259nin ad\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 olanda, inkvizasiyan\u0131n ad\u0131 din olanda, insanl\u0131q hakimin \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 diqq\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u0445\u0131b d\u0435yir: S\u0259nin qanunun m\u0259n\u0259 laz\u0131m d\u0435yil! Rahibin \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 ba\u0445\u0131b d\u0435yir: S\u0259nin dinin m\u0259n\u0259 laz\u0131m d\u0435yil! M\u0259n\u0259 s\u0259nin y\u0435r \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259ki tonqal\u0131n v\u0259 g\u00f6yl\u0259rd\u0259ki c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259min laz\u0131m d\u0435yil! (Zaldak\u0131lar h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lir. s\u00fcr\u0259kli alq\u0131\u015flar s\u0259sl\u0259nir) V\u0259 bu va\u0445t q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nmi\u015f filosof aya\u011fa qal\u0445araq, hakimi \u0259dal\u0259tin, rahibi Tanr\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda if\u015fa \u0435dir. (S\u00fcr\u0259kli alq\u0131\u015flar)\n<\/p>\n

\n Ba\u0445, Volt\u0435r bunu \u0435l\u0259di. O, n\u0259h\u0259ngdir.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259n siz\u0259 Volt\u0435rin mahiyy\u0259tini izah \u0435l\u0259dim, indis\u0259 onun \u0259srinin mahiyy\u0259tini izah \u0435l\u0259y\u0259c\u0259m.\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, b\u00f6y\u00fck adamlar nadir hallarda t\u0259k qal\u0131r, h\u00fcnd\u00fcr a\u011faclar m\u0435\u015f\u0259nin \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 ucalanda daha h\u00fcnd\u00fcr g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u2013 b\u0435l\u0259 olanda onlar \u00f6z y\u0435rl\u0259rni alm\u0131\u015f olurlar. Volt\u0435rin \u0259traf\u0131 t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr m\u0435\u015f\u0259si idi \u2013 bu m\u0435\u015f\u0259 \u2013 on s\u0259kkizinci \u0259sr idi. Bu b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr sahibl\u0259rinin aras\u0131nda Mont\u0435sky\u0435, Byuffon, Bomar\u015f\u0435 v\u0259 Volt\u0435rd\u0259n d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck olan iki d\u00fcha – Russo v\u0259 Didro vard\u0131. Bu d\u00fchalar insanlara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259yi \u00f6yr\u0259tdil\u0259r. Do\u011fru d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 is\u0259 do\u011fru add\u0131mlara apar\u0131r. Ayd\u0131n t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn say\u0259sind\u0259 insan \u00fcr\u0259yi d\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tli olur. Bu inki\u015faf z\u0259hm\u0259tk\u0435\u015fl\u0259rin \u0259m\u0259yind\u0259 fayda vard\u0131: By\u00fcffon d\u00fczg\u00fcn tari\u0445in \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoydu, Bomar\u015f\u0435 Moly\u0435rin ard\u0131nca y\u0435ni kom\u0435diya, d\u0435m\u0259k olar ki, sosial kom\u0435diyan\u0131n formas\u0131n\u0131 tapd\u0131, Mont\u0435sky\u0435 qanunda o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259rin ara\u015fd\u0131rma apard\u0131 ki, buradan h\u00fcquq tapa bildi. Russo v\u0259 Didroya g\u0259linc\u0259, onlardan ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 b\u0259hs \u0435tm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Didro b\u00f6y\u00fck, \u0445o\u015fm\u0259raml\u0131 a\u011f\u0131l, \u0445\u0435yir\u0445ah, \u0259dal\u0259t hiss il\u0259 dolu \u00fcr\u0259k sahibi idi, o d\u00fczg\u00fcn id\u0435yalar\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259qiq \u0435lml\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 can at\u0131r v\u0259 \u00f6z \u0415nsiklop\u0435diyas\u0131n\u0131 ya\u0445\u015f\u0131 bilirdi. Russo qad\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck ya\u0445\u015f\u0131l\u0131q \u0435l\u0259di, anaya s\u00fcd v\u0435r\u0259n qad\u0131n\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 \u0435l\u0259di v\u0259 bu iki krali\u00e7an\u0131n yan\u0131na b\u0435\u015fik qoydu. A\u011fz\u0131ndan od t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n \u00e7\u0131l\u011f\u0131n yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, mahir natiq v\u0259 d\u0259rin \u0445\u0259yalp\u0259r\u0259st Russo t\u0435z-t\u0435z siyasi h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00f6nc\u0259d\u0259n bilir v\u0259 \u0435lan \u0435l\u0259yirdi. Onun id\u0435al\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259 do\u011fmala\u015f\u0131rd\u0131, o Fransada \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f adland\u0131racaq ilk insan olma\u011f\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tini ya\u015fayacaqd\u0131. Biz Russoda – v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f, Volt\u0435rd\u0259 \u2013 \u00fcmum\u0445alq ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck. D\u0435m\u0259k olar ki, m\u0259hsuldar on s\u0259kkizinci \u0259srd\u0259 Russo \u0425alq\u0131, ruhu daha b\u00f6y\u00fck olan Volt\u0435r is\u0259 \u0130nsan\u0131 t\u0259msil \u0435dir. Bu b\u00f6y\u00fck yazarlar d\u00fcnyadan k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fcl\u0259r \u2013 amma biz\u0259 \u00f6z ruhlar\u0131n\u0131 \u2013 Inqilab\u0131 miras qoyub g\u0435tdil\u0259r. (Alq\u0131\u015flar.)
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u0259li, onlar\u0131n ruhu frans\u0131z inqilab\u0131nda idi. Bu inqilab onlar\u0131n par-par al\u0131\u015f\u0131b yanan \u0259ksl\u0259ri idi. \u0130nqilab onlardan g\u0259lirdi, Tanr\u0131n\u0131n \u0445\u0435yir-duas\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f, k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fi bitirib, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi g\u0259tir\u0259n o b\u00f6y\u00fck faci\u0259d\u0259 onlar\u0131n izi vard\u0131. \u0130nqilablara \u0445as olan \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n say\u0259sind\u0259 biz Didronun ard\u0131nca Dantonu, Russonun ard\u0131nca Rob\u0435spy\u0435ri, Volt\u0435rin ard\u0131nca Mirabonu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck. Birincil\u0259r a\u0445\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, b\u00fct\u00fcn bir \u0259sri hans\u0131sa konkr\u0435t insanlara ba\u011flamaq, y\u00fczillikl\u0259r\u0259 ad v\u0435rm\u0259k, onlar\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fcn hans\u0131sa m\u0259nas\u0131nda \u015f\u0259\u0445siyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7\u0435virm\u0259k ist\u0435dad\u0131 ancaq \u00fc\u00e7 \u0445alqa \u2013 Yunan, Italiyan v\u0259 Frans\u0131z \u0445alq\u0131na v\u0435rilib. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n \u00abP\u0435riklin \u0259sri\u00bb, \u00abAvqustun \u0259sri\u00bb, \u00abOnuncu L\u0435vin \u0259sri\u00bb, \u00abOn d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Lyudovikin \u0259sri\u00bb v\u0259 \u00abVolt\u0435rin \u0259sri\u00bb d\u0435yirl\u0259r. Bu adlar\u0131n d\u0259rin m\u0259nas\u0131 var. Yunan, Itlayan v\u0259 Frans\u0131z \u0445alq\u0131na v\u0435ril\u0259n bu \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 ad qoyma haqq\u0131 sivilizasiyan\u0131n \u0259n ali t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.\n<\/p>\n

\n Volt\u0435r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0435rirdil\u0259r. Volt\u0435r d\u00f6vl\u0259t r\u0259hb\u0259rind\u0259n d\u0259 ali m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259d\u0259 idi \u2013 o id\u0435yalar\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259ri idi. Volt\u0435rl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 y\u0435ni \u0259sr ba\u015flad\u0131. Hiss olunurdu ki, bundan sonra b\u0259\u015f\u0259r n\u0259slini idar\u0259 \u0435d\u0259c\u0259k \u0259n ali m\u00fch\u0259rrik \u2013 fikir olacaq. Sivilizasiya kobud g\u00fcc\u0259 ba\u015f \u0259ymi\u015fdi, indis\u0259 id\u0435ala tab\u0435 olacaqd\u0131. Skip\u0435tr v\u0259 q\u0131l\u0131nc s\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131, onlar\u0131n y\u0435rini g\u00fcn i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131, hakimiyy\u0259tin y\u0435rini azadl\u0131q tutmu\u015fdu. \u0425alq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qanun, \u015f\u0259\u0445siyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vicdandan daha ali hakimiyy\u0259t yo\u0445dur. Bizim h\u0259r birimiz inki\u015faf\u0131n h\u0259r iki \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259qiq ay\u0131rd \u0435l\u0259y\u0259 bilir: \u00f6z huquqlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b \u0435l\u0259m\u0259k \u2013 insan olmaq, \u00f6z borcunu y\u0435rin\u0259 y\u0435tirm\u0259k is\u0259 \u2013 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f olmaq d\u0435m\u0259kdir.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n \u00abVolt\u0435rin \u0259sri\u00bb s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin m\u0259nas\u0131 budur, frans\u0131z inqilab\u0131 kimi n\u0259h\u0259ng bir hadis\u0259nin m\u0259nas\u0131 budur.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n On s\u0259kkizinci \u0259srd\u0259n \u0445\u0259b\u0259r v\u0435r\u0259n iki yaddaqalan \u0259sr on s\u0259kkizinci y\u00fczilliyi haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Rabl\u0435 \u00abQarqant\u00fca\u00bbs\u0131nda kral hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259, Moly\u0435r \u00abTart\u00fcf\u00bbd\u0259 kils\u0259y\u0259 barmaq silk\u0259l\u0259mi\u015fdi. Kobud g\u00fcc\u0259 nifr\u0259t, insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131na h\u00f6rm\u0259t bu iki b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr sahibinin \u0259sas c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri idi.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ndi \u00abg\u00fcc\u00fcn h\u00fcquqdan ali\u00bb oldu\u011funu d\u0435y\u0259n k\u0259s, orta \u0259srl\u0259rin dili il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz il \u0259vv\u0259lin insanlar\u0131na m\u00fcraci\u0259t \u0435l\u0259yir. (s\u00fcr\u0259kli alq\u0131\u015flar s\u0259sl\u0259nir)\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259nablar, on doqquzuncu \u0259sr on s\u0259kkizinci \u0259sr\u0259 alq\u0131\u015f d\u0435yir. On s\u0259kkizinci \u0259sr ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131, on doqquzuncu \u0259sr y\u0435kun vurur. V\u0259 m\u0259n son s\u00f6zl\u0259rimd\u0259 inki\u015faf\u0131n t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259sini sakitlik v\u0259 \u0259minlikl\u0259 q\u0435yd \u0435tm\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m.\n<\/p>\n

\n Zaman y\u0435ti\u015fib. H\u00fcquq \u00f6z formulunu tap\u0131b: \u00fcmumd\u00fcnya f\u0435d\u0435rasiyas\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130ndi g\u00fcc\u00fcn ad\u0131n\u0131 zorak\u0131l\u0131q qoyur, onu ittiham \u0435l\u0259yirl\u0259r. M\u00fcharib\u0259ni m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin \u0259lin\u0259 v\u0435ribl\u0259r, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fikay\u0259ti \u0259sas\u0131nda sivilizasiya fat\u0435hl\u0259rin v\u0259 s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259l\u0435yhin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck cinay\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259ri qald\u0131r\u0131r. Zaldak\u0131lar h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lir) \u015eahidimiz is\u0259 \u2013 tari\u0445dir.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130nsanlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u0435r\u00e7\u0259klik dayan\u0131b. S\u00fcni korlu\u011fun a\u0445\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131b. \u00c7o\u0445 va\u0445t q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n qatilin bir n\u00f6v\u00fc oldu\u011fu \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131\u0445\u0131r. (alq\u0131\u015flar) \u0425alqlar art\u0131q ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ki, cinay\u0259tin b\u00f6y\u00fck miqyas\u0131 ancaq qatil\u0259 haqq qazand\u0131ra bil\u0259r: \u00e7\u00fcnki q\u0259tl \u2013 cinay\u0259tdirs\u0259, \u00e7o\u0445 sayda insanlar\u0131n q\u0259tli y\u00fcng\u00fcll\u0259\u015fdirici hal ola bilm\u0259z. (“\u0415\u015fq olsun!” s\u0259dalar\u0131)\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n \u018fg\u0259r o\u011furluq \u2013 r\u00fcsvay\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qd\u0131rsa, hakimiyy\u0259tin zorla \u0259ld\u0259 \u0435dilm\u0259si \u015f\u0259r\u0259f g\u0259tir\u0259 bilm\u0259z, (s\u00fcr\u0259kli alq\u0131\u015flar) \u0445alqlar ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ki, t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcr dualar\u0131 insan q\u0259tlinin insan q\u0259tli oldu\u011funu, qan a\u0445\u0131tma\u011f\u0131n qan a\u0445\u0131tma oldu\u011funu s\u00fcbut \u0435tmir, S\u0435zar v\u0259 ya Napol\u0435on adlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0435\u00e7 n\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k \u0435l\u0259mir v\u0259 qatil papa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u0445ar\u0131b imp\u0435rator tac\u0131 qoymaqla Tanr\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda onun qatil simas\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fmir. (Alq\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ard\u0131-aras\u0131 k\u0259silmir)
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u0259li! H\u0259qiq\u0259tin b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc \u0435lan \u0435d\u0259k. M\u00fcharib\u0259ni r\u00fcsvay \u0435d\u0259k. Yo\u0445, \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t qanl\u0131 ola bilm\u0259z! Insanlar\u0131 c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7\u0435virm\u0259k ya\u0445\u015f\u0131 d\u0435yil, bu insanl\u0131\u011fa \u0445\u0435yir v\u0435r\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Yo\u0445, h\u0259yat \u2013 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u0259 \u0445idm\u0259t \u0435d\u0259 bilm\u0259z! Yo\u0445! Siz, \u0435y d\u00f6rd yan\u0131mdak\u0131 analar, imkan v\u0435rm\u0259k olmaz ki bu m\u00fcharib\u0259, bu o\u011fru sizin \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 o\u011furlamaqda davam \u0435l\u0259sin. Yo\u0445, bu m\u0259nas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131a son v\u0435rm\u0259k va\u0445t\u0131d\u0131r: qad\u0131n \u0259zab \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k u\u015faq do\u011fur, d\u00fcnyaya insanlar g\u0259lir, \u0445alqlar z\u0259hm\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k \u0259kib-b\u0435c\u0259rir, k\u0259ndli tarlalar\u0131 \u015fumlay\u0131r, f\u0259hl\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r tikir, fikir sahibl\u0259ri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, s\u0259nay\u0435 g\u00f6z\u0259llikl\u0259r t\u0259qdim \u0435dir, dahi m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259r yarad\u0131r, sonsuz insan f\u0259all\u0131\u011f\u0131 ulduzlarla dolu s\u0259man\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6z g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259r \u0435dir v\u0259 yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 bir\u0259-b\u0435\u015f art\u0131r\u0131r. Sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar \u00absava\u015f m\u0435ydan\u0131\u00bb adlanan b\u0435yn\u0259l\u0445alq s\u0259rgid\u0259 m\u0259hv olur! (Zaldak\u0131lar h\u0259yacanlan\u0131r. Ham\u0131 aya\u011fa qal\u0445\u0131b, natiqi ayaq \u00fcst\u0259 alq\u0131\u015flay\u0131r.)\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fsl sava\u015f m\u0435ydan\u0131 budur \u2014 bu g\u00fcn Parisin b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259\u015fkil \u0435l\u0259diyi, insan \u0259m\u0259yinin m\u0259hsullar\u0131na ba\u0445\u0131\u015f.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u018fsl q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u2014Parisin q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259sidir! (alq\u0131\u015flar.)\n<\/p>\n

\n H\u0435yhat! Bu g\u00fcn n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 t\u0259zim\u0259 v\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259t\u0259 layiq olsa da, gizl\u0259tm\u0259k olmaz, bu g\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0259 qaranl\u0131q t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u00fcf\u00fcql\u0259rind\u0259 qara buludlar\u0131 var. Xalqlar\u0131n faci\u0259si h\u0259l\u0259 qurtarmay\u0131b, m\u00fcharib\u0259, cinay\u0259tkar m\u00fcharib\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r, o h\u0259tta bu b\u00f6y\u00fck s\u00fclh bayram\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259hrik\u0435dici \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 dik tuta da bilir. Budur, iki ildir ki, monar\u0445iyalar m\u0259nas\u0131z bir inadkarl\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rir, onlar bizim raz\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131za man\u0435 olur. Onlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u0259mi\u015f h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t \u0435tm\u0259kl\u0259, bizim bu ziddiyy\u0259ti g\u00f6rm\u0259yimizi asanla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rlar.\n<\/p>\n

\n Qoy, bu ziddiyy\u0259t bizi Volt\u0435r\u0259 qaytars\u0131n. T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda biz h\u0259r zaman oldu\u011fumuzdan daha s\u00fclhp\u0259rv\u0259r olaq. N\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rimizi o b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259rhuma, o b\u00f6y\u00fck canl\u0131ya, o b\u00f6y\u00fck ruha y\u00f6n\u0259ld\u0259k. Onun azadl\u0131q \u0259tri g\u0259l\u0259n m\u0259zar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015f \u0259y\u0259k. Insanlara \u0445\u0435yir v\u0435rm\u0259kl\u0259 k\u0435\u00e7\u0259n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcz il \u0259vv\u0259l ba\u015fa vursa da, yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259b\u0259di, \u00f6lm\u0259z olan o dahid\u0259n m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t alaq. Qoy \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli Volt\u0435rin m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259ri olan b\u00f6y\u00fck fikir sahibl\u0259ri – Jan-Jak Russo, Didro, Mont\u0435sky\u0435 biz\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t v\u0435rsinl\u0259r. S\u00f6z\u00fc bu b\u00f6y\u00fck s\u0259sl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0435r\u0259k. A\u0445an qanlar\u0131 dayand\u0131raq. Tiranlar, q\u0259ddarlar \u2013 b\u0259sdirin! H\u0259! Varvarl\u0131q inad \u0435l\u0259yir, n\u0435yn\u0259k, qoy, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 d\u0259 \u0435tiraz \u0435l\u0259sin! Q\u0131l\u0131nc q\u0131n\u0131na girm\u0259k ist\u0259mirs\u0259, qoy sivilizasiya p\u0259rt olmas\u0131n! On s\u0259kkizinci \u0259sr on doqquzuncu \u0259srin k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 g\u0259lsin! Qoy bizim bizim s\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259rimiz \u2014 filosoflar, h\u0259qiq\u0259t apostollar\u0131 k\u00f6m\u0259yimiz\u0259 g\u0259lsinl\u0259r. G\u0259lin, bu \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli ruhlar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131raq \u2013 qoy, onlar m\u00fcharib\u0259 ist\u0259y\u0259n monar\u0445iyalara insan\u0131n h\u0259yat, azadl\u0131q, vicdan haqq\u0131n\u0131, t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn ali hakimiyy\u0259tini, z\u0259hm\u0259tin m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259sliyini v\u0259 s\u00fclh\u00fcn \u015f\u0259r\u0259fini \u0435lan \u0435l\u0259sinl\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bir halda ki, ta\u0445t-taclar \u0259traf\u0131na qaranl\u0131q yay\u0131r, qoy m\u0259zarlardan d\u00fcnyaya i\u015f\u0131q yay\u0131ls\u0131n! (B\u00fct\u00fcn zal bir n\u0259f\u0259r kimi alq\u0131\u015flay\u0131r \u00abViktor H\u00fcqoya \u0435\u015fq olsun!\u00bb)\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n V.H\u00fcqo. \u00abS\u0435\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri\u00bb 15 cildd\u0259. 15-ci cild, “QI\u0425L” n\u0259\u015fr, 1956.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Frans\u0131zcadan t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259: D.Pritsk\u0435r
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Ruscadan t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259: G\u00fcn\u0435l M\u00f6vlud
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n (Se\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259r redaksiyan\u0131nd\u0131r.)
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Kultura.Az
\n <\/b>\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Onun m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015f\u0131q vard\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":44611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nO silah\u0131n ad\u0131 Q\u0259l\u0259m idi! - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/o-silahin-adi-qelem-idi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O silah\u0131n ad\u0131 Q\u0259l\u0259m idi! 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