{"id":164510,"date":"2014-07-08T22:51:34","date_gmt":"2014-07-08T22:51:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/sinfi-mubarize-dunen-ve-bu-gun\/"},"modified":"2014-07-08T22:51:34","modified_gmt":"2014-07-08T22:51:34","slug":"sinfi-mubarize-dunen-ve-bu-gun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/sinfi-mubarize-dunen-ve-bu-gun\/","title":{"rendered":"Sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259: d\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 bu g\u00fcn…"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n Karl Marks v\u0259 Fridrix Engels \u201cKommunist Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n Manifesti\u201dnd\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cM\u00f6vcud olmu\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rin tarixi sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 tarixidir\u201d. Y\u0259ni, sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 insan c\u0259miyy\u0259tini ir\u0259li aparan faktordur v\u0259 o, qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz olaraq sosial inqilab\u0131 yeti\u015fdirir. \u0130st\u0259nil\u0259n marksistin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259d d\u0259 sosial inqilab\u0131n yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si olmal\u0131d\u0131.\n<\/p>\n

\n Sosial inqilab sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin kulminasiya n\u00f6qt\u0259si olub, yeni ictimai qurulu\u015fa ke\u00e7idi t\u0259min etm\u0259lidir. Marksistl\u0259rin n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n, harada ki antaqonist sinifl\u0259r var, orada m\u00fctl\u0259q sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 d\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Antaqonist sinifl\u0259r is\u0259 dinc yana\u015f\u0131 ya\u015faya bilm\u0259zl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndak\u0131 ist\u0259nil\u0259n sazi\u015f m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti xarakter da\u015f\u0131yaraq m\u0259hz istismar\u00e7\u0131 sinifl\u0259rin m\u00f6vqeyini m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirir v\u0259 m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 xidm\u0259t edir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Marks alman sosialistl\u0259ri Avqust Bebel v\u0259 Vilhelm Libknext\u0259 m\u0259ktubunda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c40 il \u0259rzind\u0259 biz sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni tarixin birba\u015fa h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t q\u00fcvv\u0259si, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 burjuaziya il\u0259 proletariat aras\u0131ndak\u0131 sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni m\u00fcasir sosial \u00e7evrili\u015fin \u0259sas vasit\u0259si kimi \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015fik. Odur ki, sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni bizim h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131m\u0131zdan silib atma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlarla bir c\u0259rg\u0259d\u0259 add\u0131mlaya bilm\u0259rik\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n Bu k\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259r \u00f6z aktuall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 indi d\u0259 saxlamaqdad\u0131r – sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin d\u0259rinliyini v\u0259 rolunu inkar ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r yaln\u0131z
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\n simvolik burjuaziyaya qar\u015f\u0131 simvolik m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni t\u0259bli\u011f ed\u0259nl\u0259rdir
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\n v\u0259 Vladimir Leninin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi, \u201cKim qeyri-sinfi siyas\u0259td\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, onu sad\u0259c\u0259 q\u0259f\u0259sd\u0259 \u0259yl\u0259\u015fdirib hans\u0131sa kenquru il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n C\u0259miyy\u0259tin bir-biri il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan sinifl\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259si fakt\u0131 Marksdan \u0259vv\u0259l d\u0259 qeyd olunmu\u015fdu. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, tarix\u00e7i Gizo 1820-ci ild\u0259 Fransa tarixini \u201c2 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif xalq\u0131n tarixi\u201d kimi t\u0259svir edirdi. Bunlardan biri qalib xalq (zad\u0259ganlar), dig\u0259ri is\u0259 m\u0259\u011flub xalq (\u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259\u201d) idi: \u201cOnlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda s\u00fclh m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Onlar\u0131 bar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rmaq ximerik niyy\u0259tdir\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n Ancaq Marksa q\u0259d\u0259r bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 iqtisadi yox, daha \u00e7ox siyasi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Onun yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 bir xalq\u0131n ba\u015fqa xalq\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirirdil\u0259r v\u0259 bu vaxt uduzan xalq \u0259zil\u0259n sinif, qalib xalq is\u0259 istismar\u00e7\u0131 sinif say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 Marks \u201cproletariat\u0131n V\u0259t\u0259ni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d yazaraq tarixi materializm n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, istehsal vasit\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 f\u0259rqli m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259 xarakteriz\u0259 olunan sinifl\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259nin he\u00e7 d\u0259 q\u0259dim i\u015f\u011fallar\u0131n t\u0259sad\u00fcfi n\u0259tic\u0259si yox, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ictimai-iqtisadi formasiyalar\u0131n qanunauy\u011fun x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti oldu\u011funu qeyd edir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Marks 1852-ci ild\u0259 \u0130.Veydemer\u0259 m\u0259ktubunda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cM\u00fcasir c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 sinifl\u0259rin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu v\u0259 onlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 fakt\u0131 m\u0259nim k\u0259\u015ffim v\u0259 xidm\u0259tim deyil. M\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r burjua tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri bu sinifl\u0259rin m\u00fcbariz\u0259sinin tarixi inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131, burjua iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 is\u0259 onlar\u0131n iqtisadi anatomiyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259svir etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. M\u0259nim etdiyim yenilik is\u0259 bu s\u00fcbutlardan ibar\u0259tdir ki, 1) sinifl\u0259rin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu yaln\u0131z istehsal\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n tarixi fazalar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dard\u0131r, 2) sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 proletariat diktaturas\u0131na apar\u0131b \u00e7\u0131xaracaq v\u0259 3) bu diktatura \u00f6z\u00fc-\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 yaln\u0131z b\u00fct\u00fcn sinifl\u0259rin m\u0259hvi v\u0259 sinifsiz c\u0259miyy\u0259tin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ke\u00e7iddir.\n<\/p>\n

\n Marksist n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 kort\u0259bii (lokal formada h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259si, iqtisadi t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259) v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcurlu formada (son m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259r u\u011frunda m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc h\u0259r\u0259kat) ola bilir. Sonuncunun ali formas\u0131 kimi partiyal\u0131l\u0131q g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Marksistl\u0259r bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin 3 \u0259sas formas\u0131n\u0131 f\u0259rql\u0259ndirirdil\u0259r: 1) iqtisadi (bu, proletar sinfind\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t gedirs\u0259, \u00f6z \u0259m\u0259yini daha s\u0259rf\u0259li qiym\u0259t\u0259 satmaq, i\u015f m\u00fcdd\u0259tinin q\u0131sald\u0131lmas\u0131, \u0259m\u0259k haqlar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259dir), 2) siyasi (proletariat \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu, \u00f6z k\u00f6kl\u00fc maraqlar\u0131 – proletariat\u0131n diktaturas\u0131n\u0131 qurmaq u\u011frunda \u00fcmumsinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259dir) v\u0259 3) ideoloji (burjua v\u0259 t\u0259fti\u015f\u00e7i ideologiyalara qar\u015f\u0131 dir\u0259ni\u015f, \u0259m\u0259k\u00e7i k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259rin \u015f\u00fcurunda sosialist d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin k\u00f6k salmas\u0131).\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n B\u00f6y\u00fck Oktyabr \u0130nqilab\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259sind\u0259n sonra sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 t\u0259limind\u0259 xeyli d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r yarand\u0131, ancaq bu, he\u00e7 bir halda m\u00f6vzunun aktuall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmad\u0131. \u0130kiq\u00fctbl\u00fc d\u00fcnyan\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131 kapitalist \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 istismar olunan sinifl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 m\u0259cburi g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259rl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi, Q\u0259rb \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 aristokratiyas\u0131 formala\u015fd\u0131 ki, bu islahatlar\u0131n da k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259 kommunizm ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda istismar\u00e7\u0131 sinifl\u0259rin qorxusu dayan\u0131rd\u0131. \u00dcst\u0259lik, 2-ci D\u00fcnya M\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n sonra Q\u0259rbd\u0259 formala\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flayan \u201cRifah d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201d konsepsiyas\u0131 v\u0259 istehlak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q bumu da sosial inqilab\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq mexanizmi kimi istifad\u0259 olunma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Klassik anlamda f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfi v\u0259 v\u0259h\u015fi kapitalizmin f\u0259sadlar\u0131 sanki transformasiyaya u\u011frad\u0131, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 istehlak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q sinfi \u015f\u00fcurun \u0259yl\u0259ci rolunda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etdi. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Erix Fromm yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cM\u00fcasir istehlak\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u0259 Yer c\u0259nn\u0259ti iri bir supermarket v\u0259 oradak\u0131lar\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pula malik olmaq kimi qavran\u0131l\u0131r\u201d. Ancaq bu, m\u0259rk\u0259zi kapitalizm d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 idi v\u0259 orada istismar\u00e7\u0131 sinifl\u0259rin g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259rini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ed\u0259n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259b 3-c\u00fc D\u00fcnya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin insan v\u0259 t\u0259bii resurslar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259h\u015fic\u0259sin\u0259 istismar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. G\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259rd\u0259n m\u0259qs\u0259d is\u0259 sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin iti bucaqlar\u0131n\u0131 z\u0259ifl\u0259tm\u0259kdi.\n<\/p>\n

\n Y\u0259ni, Q\u0259rb kapitalizmi d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015f\u00e7i sinfin\u0259 olan g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r periferiya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 hegemonlu\u011fun d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si il\u0259 birba\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Vaxtil\u0259 Lenin \u201c\u0130mperializm – kapitalizmin ali fazas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d yaz\u0131rd\u0131sa, art\u0131q 1960-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 Afrika sosialisti, m\u00fcst\u0259qil Qanan\u0131n ilk (v\u0259 Q\u0259rb t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n devrilmi\u015f) prezidenti Kvame Nkruma \u201cYeni m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7ilik – imperializmin ali fazas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d yaz\u0131rd\u0131. Q\u0259rb d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259ki iqtisadi g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259ri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ed\u0259n d\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 yay\u0131lan neom\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7ilik idi. Bunun n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fcnya \u0259razisi t\u0259ric\u0259n AB\u015e iqtisad\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 R.Ueydin s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi kimi, \u201cS\u00fclh zonas\u0131na v\u0259 Qiyam zonas\u0131na\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 periferiya h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7ir. Bu h\u00fccum art\u0131q Marks\u0131n s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi klassik proletariat-burjuaziya m\u00fcst\u0259visind\u0259 yox, f\u0259rqli formatda ba\u015f verirdi ki, bu da Marks\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n b\u0259ri sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yaranan yenilikl\u0259ri ortaya qoyurdu. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u018flc\u0259zaird\u0259 Fransaya qar\u015f\u0131 milli-azadl\u0131q h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 \u201cMarks format\u0131\u201dnda yox, \u201cFrans Fanon format\u0131\u201dnda ba\u015f verirdi – dir\u0259ni\u015fd\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar, f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r sinifsiz \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r, l\u00fcmpenl\u0259r \u0259lahidd\u0259 rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar (Cillo Pontekorvonun \u201c\u018flc\u0259zair u\u011frunda d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u201d filmind\u0259 bu, m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l t\u0259svir olunub). Yaxud, Kubada yerli kommunist partiyas\u0131 diktator Batistaya xidm\u0259td\u0259 duraraq parlamentd\u0259 t\u0259msil olundu\u011fu halda, inqilabda bir ovuc intellektual i\u015ftirak edirdi. Nikaraquada da yerli kommunist partiyas\u0131 Sandinist inqilab\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn 17 ili \u0259rzind\u0259 neytral m\u00f6vqe s\u0259rgil\u0259mi\u015fdi, inqilab\u0131 is\u0259 \u201c\u015eairl\u0259rin inqilab\u0131\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar, \u00fcst\u0259lik, katolik ke\u015fi\u015fl\u0259ri (\u0259ksinqilabi sinfin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri) d\u0259 sandinistl\u0259r\u0259 yard\u0131m edirdi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, h\u0259m avanqard q\u00fcvv\u0259nin sinfi t\u0259rkibind\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 Marks\u0131n s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi partiyal\u0131l\u0131q prinsipind\u0259 metamorfozun ba\u015f verdiyini g\u00f6rm\u0259kd\u0259yik.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259rk\u0259zi kapitalist d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259zil\u0259n sinfin maraqlar\u0131na xidm\u0259t etm\u0259li olan t\u0259\u015fkilatlar \u00f6z xarakterl\u0259rini d\u0259yi\u015fib transformasiyaya u\u011frad\u0131qca, h\u0259m sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin k\u0259s\u0259ri, h\u0259m d\u0259 dir\u0259ni\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin sinfi t\u0259rkibi d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Antonio Qram\u015finin yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259fsan\u0259vi \u0130taliya Kommunist Partiyas\u0131 1990-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259r\u0259k \u201cDemokratik inki\u015faf partiyas\u0131\u201d kimi absurd terminl\u0259 adlanma\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7ibs\u0259, bu, sad\u0259c\u0259 forma yox, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259zmun d\u0259yi\u015fikliyidir. Yaxud, Rusiya kommunistl\u0259rinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri Gennadi Z\u00fcqanov Marksdan \u00e7ox \u0130ncild\u0259n sitatlar g\u0259tirir, Sol y\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc partiyalar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259r yerl\u0259rind\u0259 Sisteml\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 yox, Sistem\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fmaq yolunu se\u00e7ib.\n<\/p>\n

\n G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n odur ki, Noam Xomskinin s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 des\u0259k, \u201cSinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 bir istiqam\u0259td\u0259 gedir: \u0130stismar\u00e7\u0131 sinfin istismar olunan sinifl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259si. \u00c7\u00fcnki, sinfi \u015f\u00fcur yaln\u0131z hakim sinifl\u0259rd\u0259 inki\u015faf edib\u201d. Sanki Sartr\u0131n diaqnozu do\u011frulur: \u201cSol yerind\u0259 saym\u0131r, sad\u0259c\u0259, b\u00f6y\u00fck hadis\u0259l\u0259r Sol-un yan\u0131ndan ke\u00e7ir\u201d.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0130nki\u015faf etmi\u015f Q\u0259rb d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 hakim sinifl\u0259rin arsenal\u0131nda \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni s\u0259ngitm\u0259yin \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 m\u00fcasir \u00fcsullar\u0131 formala\u015f\u0131b. Buraya yaln\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131q repressiyalar v\u0259 h\u0259mkarlar t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n almaq yox, h\u0259m d\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc reklam, \u015f\u00fcurlarla manipulyasiyalar, f\u0259rqli \u201c\u0259yl\u0259nc\u0259 taktikalar\u0131\u201d, istehlak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rinin s\u0131r\u0131nlmas\u0131, ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259k inqilab\u0131 \u00f6nl\u0259y\u0259n \u0259ks-inqilabi metodlar (\u201c\u0130nqilab h\u0259l\u0259 ba\u015f verm\u0259yib, \u0259ksinqilab is\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b\u201d), demokratiya m\u00fcc\u0259ssim\u0259si kimi s\u0131r\u0131nan \u201cidentiklik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si\u201d v\u0259 s. daxildir.
\n
\n Bel\u0259 bir \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi kapitalizm \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 sosial inqilabla n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k sinfi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k yersizdir.
\n <\/b>
\n Bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259inki inqilabi ideologiyalar i\u015fl\u0259nib haz\u0131rlanmay\u0131b, h\u0259m d\u0259 i\u015f\u00e7i sinfini sakitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck \u201cg\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r limiti\u201d m\u00f6vcuddur. Odur ki, sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin a\u00e7\u0131q formada k\u0259skinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sini periferiya kapitalizmi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 sinifl\u0259rin formala\u015fmas\u0131 prosesi ba\u015fa \u00e7atmay\u0131b.\n<\/p>\n

\n M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, ke\u00e7mi\u015f sosialist \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 sinifl\u0259rd\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n ikisinin ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k d\u0259bi var: orta sinfin v\u0259 oliqarxiyan\u0131n. Guya ki, orta sinif c\u0259miyy\u0259ti m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l qurulu\u015fa apar\u0131b \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa qadirdir, ancaq oliqarxiya bu yolda s\u0259dd rolunu oynay\u0131r. Halbuki, sinifli c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 orta sinif h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u0259ks-inqilab\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 onun oliqarxiya il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri he\u00e7 d\u0259 antaqonist sinfi ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmay\u0131b.
\n
\n Orta sinif daima g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 haz\u0131rd\u0131r v\u0259 ixtiyar\u0131na az-\u00e7ox \u201csosial lift\u201d imkan\u0131 verils\u0259, \u00f6z\u00fc oliqarxiya rolunu oynamaq arzusundad\u0131r.
\n <\/b>
\n Sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin subyekti rolunda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etm\u0259li olan inqilabi sinif is\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 formala\u015fmaq v\u0259ziyy\u0259tind\u0259dir. Vaxtil\u0259 klassik marksistl\u0259r iqtisadi ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259r d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fdikc\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin d\u0259 radikalla\u015fac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131rd\u0131lar, ancaq g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, bu, ba\u015f vermir.
\n
\n Haz\u0131rda \u0259zil\u0259n f\u0259rdin m\u00fctl\u0259q Qiyama qalxaca\u011f\u0131 proqnozu da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frultmur – enerjinin sublimasiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00fcsullar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcb v\u0259 tap\u0131l\u0131b.
\n <\/b>
\n Bu, \u0259zil\u0259n f\u0259rdin istehlaka, yaxud din\u0259 getm\u0259si il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 dir\u0259ni\u015fin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 k\u0259sil\u0259r.\n<\/p>\n

\n Odur ki, indiki d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm n\u0259z\u0259ri v\u0259 ideoloji probleml\u0259rind\u0259n biri
\n
\n sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin subyektini
\n <\/b>
\n formala\u015fd\u0131rmaqd\u0131r. Bunun bir \u00e7ox yerl\u0259rd\u0259 art\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259si var v\u0259 oralarda \u0259zil\u0259nl\u0259r (pe\u015f\u0259-s\u0259n\u0259t m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259tind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq) h\u0259tta iqtisadi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n
\n
\n kapitalizmd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayan \u00f6z avtonom \u0259razil\u0259rini
\n <\/b>
\n d\u0259 yarad\u0131blar (Bu, nisb\u0259t\u0259n yeni v\u0259 \u00e7ox \u00fcmidverici tendensiyad\u0131r). M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Meksikada \u00c7iapas \u0259razisind\u0259 sapatistl\u0259rin, Hindistanda naksalitl\u0259rin, Nepalda mao\u00e7ular\u0131n, Kolumbiyada FARK-\u0131n avtonom \u0259razil\u0259ri, \u0130spaniyada Marinaleda buna s\u00fcbutdur. Bu is\u0259 21-ci \u0259srd\u0259 sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 yeni modell\u0259rin ortaya \u00e7\u0131xaca\u011f\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir.\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n 2-ci D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131ndan d\u0259rhal sonra Herbert Markuze \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201c33 tezis\u201d m\u0259qal\u0259sini yaz\u0131r v\u0259 orada aksenti Sovet kommunizminin b\u00fcrokratla\u015fmas\u0131na, Q\u0259rb sosial-demokratiyas\u0131n\u0131n burjuala\u015fmas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259ld\u0259r\u0259k onlar\u0131n h\u0259r ikisinin art\u0131q \u0259ks-inqilabi mahiyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131ma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. \u00dcst\u0259lik, Markuze Q\u0259rb kapitalizmind\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin d\u0259 Sistem\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazaraq bunu t\u0259kc\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 aristokratiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu il\u0259 yox, daha qlobal kontekstd\u0259 izah edir: \u201cBurjuala\u015fma he\u00e7 d\u0259 sosial-demokratlar\u0131n inqilab \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn irad\u0259sizliyinin, yaxud onlar\u0131n burjua \u015f\u00fcurunun n\u0259tic\u0259si yox, obyektiv sinfi t\u0259zah\u00fcr kimi qavran\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli hiss\u0259sinin kapital sistemin\u0259 iqtisadi v\u0259 siyasi inteqrasiyas\u0131n\u0131n, istismar\u0131n strukturunda ba\u015f ver\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259sidir… Bu prosesin gedi\u015fat\u0131nda f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfin\u0259 \u00e7atacaq ictimai \u0259mt\u0259\u0259 (k\u0259miyy\u0259t v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259t anlam\u0131nda) o d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 artacaq ki,
\n
\n kapitala qar\u015f\u0131 dir\u0259ni\u015f kapitalla geni\u015f \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7evril\u0259c\u0259k\u201d.
\n <\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n Sonra is\u0259 Markuze bu g\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 arxivacib olacaq \u0259sas n\u0259tic\u0259sini a\u00e7\u0131qlay\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259min n\u0259tic\u0259 bu g\u00fcn sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 \u0259zil\u0259n sinifl\u0259rin hans\u0131 t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n formala\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n u\u011furlu \u00f6nc\u0259g\u00f6rm\u0259sidir. El\u0259 Markuzed\u0259n sitatla da yaz\u0131n\u0131 bitirm\u0259k ist\u0259rdim:\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201c…Prosesl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 istismar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamil\u0259 ba\u015fqa qruplar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259k – c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 marginal v\u0259 yad v\u0259ziyy\u0259tind\u0259 olan, f\u0259hl\u0259 sinfinin inteqrasiyaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f hiss\u0259sind\u0259n k\u0259narda qalan \u201cautsayderl\u0259r\u201din \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259. Buraya is\u0259 \u201ct\u0259\u015fkil olunmam\u0131\u015f\u201d, \u201cixtisasla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f\u201d f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259-m\u00fchacirl\u0259r, m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259 v\u0259 yar\u0131mm\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri, m\u0259hbuslar v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 aiddir…\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Yaz\u0131dak\u0131 fikirl\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llifin \u015f\u0259xsi fikirl\u0259ridir v\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llif m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.
\n <\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u018fzil\u0259n f\u0259rdin m\u00fctl\u0259q Qiyama qalxaca\u011f\u0131 proqnozu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":10972,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-164510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-menim-fikrimce","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259: d\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 bu g\u00fcn... - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/az\/article\/sinfi-mubarize-dunen-ve-bu-gun\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259: d\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 bu g\u00fcn... - 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